Effect of Frequency of Ejaculation on Semen Characteristics in Two Breeds of Turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo) Raised in a Tropical Environment
TL;DR: Semen collection in turkeys is more favourable when harvested once per week since semen concentration declines progressively with increase in the ejaculation frequency.
Abstract: A study was carried out at the Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Farm, Bauchi (February - May, 2002) to investigate the effect of frequency of ejaculation (once, twice and thrice per week) on semen traits in exotic and local turkeys. The results showed that ejaculate volume, live spermatozoa, abnormal spermatozoa, sperm concentration and total sperm per ejaculate were significantly (P<0.05) higher in exotic than local turkeys, values being 0.32±0.02 vs 0.17±0.02ml, 83.83±1.33 vs 80.67±1.33%, 11.19±0.73 vs 13.61±0.73%, 4.66±70.73 vs 2.81±74.93 x 10 and 97.72±9.86 vs 50.81±10.45 x 10 . It was also shown that 9 9 sperm concentration was the only variable significantly affected (P<0.05) by frequency of ejaculation. The interaction of breeds and frequency of ejaculation also favoured (P<0.05) the exotic breed at lower frequency of ejaculation. Semen collection in turkeys is more favourable when harvested once per week since semen concentration declines progressively with increase in the ejaculation frequency. The exotic have superior genetic make-up than the local turkeys in terms of their reproductive potential.
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Journal Article•
TL;DR: It is concluded that feeding okra and pumpkin seed extracts to breeder turkey hens can improves the fertility and hatchability of the eggs.
Abstract: An experiment was conducted to determine the fertility and hatchability of eggs laid by Turkey hens fed extracts of okra seed, pumpkin seed and guava root powder for 8 weeks. Twenty four, 32 weeks old turkeys (4 toms and 20 hens) were randomly selected and allotted into four treatment groups; T 1 (No extract or feed supplementation); T 2 (50 ml okra seeds extracts/ litre of water); T 3 (50 ml guava root extract/ litre of water) and T 4 (50 g pumpkin seed powder/kg of feed). Turkey hens were subjected to artificial insemination and eggs laid in the period were collected and determined for fertility and hatchability. Total and weekly egg production of hens was higher (P 0.05). The findings concluded that feeding okra and pumpkin seed extracts to breeder turkey hens can improves the fertility and hatchability of the eggs
5 citations
Cites result from "Effect of Frequency of Ejaculation ..."
...This was because, results of the physical evaluation of ejaculates of the toms - semen volume, progressive sperm motility, spermatozoa concentration, total number of sperm cells in ejaculate and percentage of normal spermatozoa in ejaculates, were within ranges reported for normal turkey toms [18, 19]....
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TL;DR: The local Turkish toms could parallel their exotic counterpart under optimum environment, without the need for genetic hybridization and that 20% CP had more positive influence on the semen quality and fertilizing ability of indigenous Nigerian turkey toms followed by 16% CP with 12% CP exerting the least positive influence.
Abstract: The Nigerian local turkey has the potential to augment the supply of poultry protein in the country and across the region. However, the fecundity of the breed is low due to neglect and lack of improvement. This work is therefore aimed at shedding some light in some reproductive indices of the local turkey under optimum nutrition. A group of fifteen toms and nine hens were used in this study. The males were grouped into three groups of five and placed on varying levels of protein, 12% CP, 16% CP and 20% CP for groups 1, 2 and 3 respectively. Semen samples were collected and analysed twice weekly for thirteen weeks. Ejaculate volume, semen concentration, semen PH, gross and individual motilities, live and dead sperm and sperm morphology were investigated and recorded. Data were summarized as mean ± SEM (Standard Error of the Mean). The toms in groups 3 had significantly (P < 0.05) higher ejaculate volume 0.29 ± 0.03 mls and semen concentration7.766 ± 0.612 x10 9 than groups 1 and 2. The fertilizing ability, which was assessed through in vivo and in vitro sperm penetration assays revealed significantly higher number of sperm penetration holes (P < 0.05) in Groups 2 and 3, 160.97 ± 8.084 and 172.83 ± 7.647 ( in vivo ); 187.96 ± 8.121 and 189.16 ± 6.446 ( in vitro ) respectively. The local turkey toms could parallel their exotic counterpart under optimum environment, without the need for genetic hybridization and that 20% CP had more positive influence on the semen quality and fertilizing ability of indigenous Nigerian turkey toms followed by 16% CP with 12% CP exerting the least positive influence. Keywords: Artificial Insemination, Crude protein, Reproduction, Semen, Turkey toms
2 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: It was concluded that oral administration of 15mg CC kg -1 body weight alone or in combination with frequent ejaculations significantly improved semen output, sperm motility and % live sperm, and reduced the proportion of morphologically abnormal sperm in the cocks.
Abstract: The effects of clomiphene citrate (CC) and ejaculation frequency on semen characteristics of chickens were evaluated using 36 Black Nera cocks aged 24-28 weeks, and weighting 1.96kg to 2.39kg in a 4 x 3 factorial experiment, with clomiphene citrate dose at four levels (0mg, 5mg, 10mg and 15mg/kg body weight) and ejaculation frequency at three levels (once a week, twice weekly and thrice weekly) as factors. Ejaculate volume and colour, sperm motility, sperm concentration and total sperm per ejaculate generally increased progressively with increase in CC administration, with the 15mg CC group being significantly (P 0.05) effect on semen pH and morphologically abnormal sperm. Percent sperm motility increased significantly (P 0.05) by frequency of ejaculation. Ejaculation frequency, at each level of CC application, had no significant (P>0.05) effect on semen volume, semen colour score, sperm motility and total sperm per ejaculate. However, 15mg CC in combination with three ejaculations per week resulted in the highest numerical values of these characteristics, and in the lowest proportion of morphologically abnormal sperm. It was concluded that oral administration of 15mg CC kg -1 body weight alone or in combination with frequent ejaculations significantly improved semen output, sperm motility and % live sperm, and reduced the proportion of morphologically abnormal sperm in the cocks. Keywords: chickens, clomiphene citrate, cocks, ejaculate, ejaculation frequency, semen
2 citations
Cites result from "Effect of Frequency of Ejaculation ..."
...Similar progressive decline was reported by Onokwufor & Ezekwe (2007) for different phenotypes of Nigerian local cocks, and Zahraddeen et al. (2005) for two breeds of turkeys....
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TL;DR: In this article , the authors used the dorso-abdominal massage technique from seven domestic turkey toms and analyzed their semen for artificial insemination in field conditions, and found that the two extenders were similar with regard to semen quality parameters, and Lascorbic acid supplementation of the turkey semen extenders improved semen quality during liquid storage.
Abstract: Simple Summary Hunting pressure and loss of habitat exacerbated by climate change have led to a decline in the number of many galliform species, especially those found in the wild. One such species is the Congo peacock, which has been classified as vulnerable. A domestic galliform species such as the domestic turkey can conceivably be used as a model to research and understand reproduction patterns of related wild and endangered species. The collection, preservation and use of the male gametes for assisted reproductive techniques are key to the successful breeding of such species. This study was aimed at developing a suitable semen extender using two extender formulations (egg yolk-based and soybean-based with or without L-ascorbic acid supplementation) and two storage protocols (ambient temperature and chilled). The results show that both extender formulations preserved turkey semen viability for up to 6 h at ambient temperature and up to 24 h at the chilling temperature. In conclusion, the two extenders were similar with regard to semen quality parameters, and L-ascorbic acid supplementation of the turkey semen extenders improved semen quality during liquid storage. Abstract Populations of many galliform species have declined mainly due to habitat loss and over-hunting, notably the Congo peacock, which has been classified as a vulnerable species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). The domestic turkey, being a species of least concern, which has been reported to be closely related to peacocks, could serve as a model for the optimization of assisted reproductive technologies for the Congo peacock. This study was aimed at developing a suitable turkey semen extender for artificial insemination in field conditions. Semen was collected using the dorso-abdominal massage technique from seven turkey toms and analyzed. Ejaculates with >70% motility and >80% live spermatozoa were pooled and divided into four aliquots (four treatments). Each of the four treatments was extended in a soybean-based extender or an egg yolk-based extender, with or without L-ascorbic acid. Two liquid preservation protocols (ambient temperature (35 °C) and chilled (4 °C)) were employed, and quality parameters including motility, viability and morphology were evaluated. The results show that the two extenders were similar with regard to semen quality parameters, and L-ascorbic acid supplementation of the turkey semen extenders improved semen quality during liquid storage.
1 citations
Dissertation•
01 Jan 2009
TL;DR: Thesis (M.
Abstract: Thesis (M. Tech. (Agric. Animal Prod.)) -- Central University of technology, Free State, 2009
1 citations
References
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Book•
01 Jan 1974
TL;DR: Reproduction in farm animals, Reproduction in farming animals, مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اشاوρزی .
Abstract: Reproduction in farm animals , Reproduction in farm animals , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
1,211 citations
"Effect of Frequency of Ejaculation ..." refers background or methods in this paper
...Seminal traits with respect to volume, concentration, motility, live and abnormal spermatozoa and total spermatozoa were evaluated as per the procedures laid down by Butswat (1994) and Hafez (1995)....
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...Spermatozoal abnormalities in the two breeds were lower than the 20% reported by Hafez (1995)....
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Book•
01 Jan 1990
TL;DR: This paper presents new directions in Poultry Genetics, focusing on quantitative and qualitative Genetics of plumage, skin and eye pigmentation in chickens, and Quantitative Genetics and Selection of growth and meat production in chickens.
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413 citations
97 citations
01 Jan 1972
43 citations