Effect of nanoparticles on the dewetting of bismuth films
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of metallic nanoparticles on the liquid-state dewetting behavior of bismuth films was investigated and the nanoparticles were grown by thermal evaporation and subjected to anneal annealing.
Abstract: We report on the effect of metallic nanoparticles on the liquid-state dewetting behaviour of bismuth films. The nanoparticles and the films were grown by thermal evaporation and subjected to anneal...
Citations
More filters
[...]
TL;DR: In this article , a review of the recent developments in the field of Ag NW-based composites is provided, with a particular focus on coating and printing techniques, which are widely used for depositing Ag NWs.
Abstract: Silver nanowires (Ag NWs) have become a ubiquitous part of flexible electronic devices. The good electrical conductivity of silver, coupled with the excellent ductility and bendability exhibited by the wires make them ideal for flexible devices. Additionally, deposited films of Ag NWs are also found to be transparent due to the incomplete areal coverage of the wires. Thus, Ag NWs are widely used as transparent conducting electrodes (TCEs) for flexible and wearable electronics, replacing the traditionally used metal oxide based TCEs. The properties and functionality of NWs can be further improved by forming composites with other materials. Composites have been synthesized by combining Ag NWs with metals, metal oxides, and polymers. Both dry- and wet-techniques have been used to synthesize and deposit these composites, which have unique structural, chemical, and functional properties leading to myriad applications. This review focuses on recent developments in the field of Ag NW-based composites. An overview of the various fabrication techniques is provided, with a particular focus on coating and printing techniques, which are widely used for depositing Ag NWs. The application of the composites in diverse fields is also discussed. While the most common application for these composites is as TCEs, they are also used in sensors (physical, chemical, and biological), displays, and energy-related applications. The structural and environmental stability of the composites is also discussed. Given the wide interest in the development of printed flexible electronic devices, new Ag NW-based composites and application areas can be expected to be developed going forward.
21 citations
References
More filters
[...]
TL;DR: In this article, a database of surface energies for low index surfaces of 60 metals in the periodic table was used to establish a consistent starting point for models of surface science phenomena, and the accuracy of the database was established in a comparison with other density functional theory results and the calculated surface energy anisotropies were applied in a determination of the equilibrium shape of nano-crystals of Fe, Cu, Mo, Ta, Pt and Pb.
Abstract: We have used density functional theory to establish a database of surface energies for low index surfaces of 60 metals in the periodic table. The data may be used as a consistent starting point for models of surface science phenomena. The accuracy of the database is established in a comparison with other density functional theory results and the calculated surface energy anisotropies are applied in a determination of the equilibrium shape of nano-crystals of Fe, Cu, Mo, Ta, Pt and Pb.
2,108 citations
[...]
TL;DR: In this article, the authors use dewetting to make arrays of nanoscale particles for electronic and photonic devices and for catalyzing growth of nanotubes and nanowires.
Abstract: Solid films are usually metastable or unstable in the as-deposited state, and they will dewet or agglomerate to form islands when heated to sufficiently high temperatures. This process is driven by surface energy minimization and can occur via surface diffusion well below a film's melting temperature, especially when the film is very thin. Dewetting during processing of films for use in micro- and nanosystems is often undesirable, and means of avoiding dewetting are important in this context. However, dewetting can also be useful in making arrays of nanoscale particles for electronic and photonic devices and for catalyzing growth of nanotubes and nanowires. Templating of dewetting using patterned surface topography or prepatterning of films can be used to create ordered arrays of particles and complex patterns of partially dewetted structures. Studies of dewetting can also provide fundamental new insight into the effects of surface energy anisotropy and facets on shape evolution.
781 citations
"Effect of nanoparticles on the dewe..." refers background in this paper
[...]
[...]
TL;DR: Observations in liquid crystal and liquid metal films showed that the emerging structures were similar to those found for spinodal decomposition in mixtures, however, certain differences could be attributed to peculiarities of the wetting forces in these two dissimilar systems, thereby demonstrating the role of nonlinearities inherent in the wetts forces.
Abstract: Theory predicts that dewetting of a homogeneous liquid film from a solid surface may proceed via unstable surface waves on the liquid. This phenomenon, usually termed spinodal dewetting, has been sought after in many systems. Observations in liquid crystal and liquid metal films showed that, as expected, the emerging structures were similar to those found for spinodal decomposition in mixtures. Certain differences, however, could be attributed to peculiarities of the wetting forces in these two dissimilar systems, thereby demonstrating the role of nonlinearities inherent in the wetting forces.
489 citations
"Effect of nanoparticles on the dewe..." refers background in this paper
[...]
[...]
TL;DR: An instability of the liquid film against the growth in amplitude of surface waves with a characteristic wavelength is observed, which is believed to be the first observation of spinodal dewetting.
Abstract: We have studied the dewetting of thin liquid metal films (Au, Cu, Ni) on fused silica substrates which occurs after melting with a Q-switched laser pulse. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and scanning near field acoustic microscopy reveal two distinctly different modes of the dewetting process: On one hand, we observe heterogeneous nucleation of ``dry'' circular patches, which grow in diameter during the melting period. On the other hand, an instability of the liquid film against the growth in amplitude of surface waves with a characteristic wavelength is observed, which we believe is the first observation of spinodal dewetting. In contrast, the final structure of the ruptured film depends on whether nucleation or spinodal dewetting is dominant.
389 citations
"Effect of nanoparticles on the dewe..." refers background in this paper
[...]
[...]
TL;DR: In this paper, the perturbing influence of nanosize filler particles on the dewetting of spin-cast polymer films is investigated, and it is shown that the addition of a small amount of C60 fullerene nanoparticles to the spin-casting polymer solution leads to an inhibition of dewetting in thin (L < 100 nm) polystyrene and polybutadiene (PB) films cast on both acid-cleaned and carbon-coated silicon wafer substrates.
Abstract: The perturbing influence of nanosize filler particles on the dewetting of spun-cast polymer films is investigated. Previous studies have shown that spun-cast films of unentangled polystyrene (PS) and polybutadiene (PB) dewet acid-cleaned silicon wafers when the films are annealed above their bulk glass transition temperature Tg. It is also known that “impurity” particles tend to promote dewetting in thin polymer films. Here we demonstrate that the addition of a small amount of C60 fullerene nanoparticles to the spin-casting polymer solution leads to an inhibition of dewetting in thin (L < 100 nm) PS and PB films cast on both acid-cleaned and carbon-coated silicon wafer substrates. Neutron reflection measurements indicate that this effect is associated with the formation of a diffuse fullerene layer near the solid substrate. Evidently, the immobilized fullerene particles form an enrichment layer at the solid boundary and “pin” the contact line of the growing dewetted (“dry”) regions so that hole growth in ...
175 citations
Related Papers (5)
[...]