scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question
Journal ArticleDOI

Effect of oxidative stress on male reproduction.

01 Apr 2014-The World Journal of Men's Health (Korean Society for Sexual Medicine and Andrology)-Vol. 32, Iss: 1, pp 1-17
TL;DR: This review highlights the mechanisms of ROS production, the physiological and pathophysiological roles of ROS in relation to the male reproductive system, and recent advances in diagnostic methods; it also explores the benefits of using antioxidants in a clinical setting.
Abstract: Infertility affects approximately 15% of couples trying to conceive, and a male factor contributes to roughly half of these cases. Oxidative stress (OS) has been identified as one of the many mediators of male infertility by causing sperm dysfunction. OS is a state related to increased cellular damage triggered by oxygen and oxygen-derived free radicals known as reactive oxygen species (ROS). During this process, augmented production of ROS overwhelms the body's antioxidant defenses. While small amounts of ROS are required for normal sperm functioning, disproportionate levels can negatively impact the quality of spermatozoa and impair their overall fertilizing capacity. OS has been identified as an area of great attention because ROS and their metabolites can attack DNA, lipids, and proteins; alter enzymatic systems; produce irreparable alterations; cause cell death; and ultimately, lead to a decline in the semen parameters associated with male infertility. This review highlights the mechanisms of ROS production, the physiological and pathophysiological roles of ROS in relation to the male reproductive system, and recent advances in diagnostic methods; it also explores the benefits of using antioxidants in a clinical setting.

Content maybe subject to copyright    Report

Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Lifestyle interventions including yoga and meditation can substantially improve the integrity of sperm DNA by reducing levels of oxidative DNA damage, regulating oxidative stress and by increasing the expression of genes responsible for DNA repair, cell-cycle control and anti-inflammatory effects.
Abstract: Male infertility accounts for up to half of the infertility cases and affects 13–15% couples worldwide. An optimal level of reactive oxygen species is crucial for maintaining spermatogenesis and sperm functions. However, excessive production of reactive oxygen species may cause oxidative stress. Oxidative stress has been identified as one of the major risk factors which affects the fertilizing potential of spermatozoa. Oxidative stress occurs due to excessive production of ROS and causes germ cell DNA damage, sperm fragility and defects in motility, culminating in infertility. Poor sperm quality and DNA damage may also result in pregnancy loss. This article highlights the significance of ROS in human male fertility and that of oxidative stress in infertility.

537 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: ROS and antioxidant capacity testing can potentially add additional prognostic information to standard laboratory testing for the infertile male, although its role as standard part of an evaluation has yet to be determined.

246 citations


Cites background or methods from "Effect of oxidative stress on male ..."

  • ...The nonenzymatic antioxidants include carnitine, carotenoids, glutathione, urate, and vitamins C and E (29, 41, 120)....

    [...]

  • ...The total antioxidant capacity (TAC) is measured by evaluating the reducing ability of the antioxidants within the semen against an oxidative reagent such as hydrogen peroxide, and measuring the effect on the substrate (29)....

    [...]

  • ...Testing of individual antioxidants within semen is costly and time consuming (29)....

    [...]

  • ...However, the economies of scale make ROS and/or TAC testing efficient and cost effective for some laboratories (such as highvolume academic centers), and they potentially can provide additional clinically relevant information to the treating clinicians and their patients (15, 29)....

    [...]

  • ...Total antioxidant capacity assesses the cumulative effect of all antioxidants present within the semen (29)....

    [...]

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: OS is an important cause of male factor infertility and its assessment provides essential information that can guide treatment strategies aimed at improving the male’s reproductive potential.
Abstract: Objective: To review and present the most distinct concepts on the association of reactive oxygen species (ROS) with male reproduction. Methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were used to search PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, and the Cochrane electronic databases for studies investigating the role of oxidative stress (OS) on sperm function. Results: The literature search yielded 1857 studies, of which 1791 articles were excluded because of irrelevance of data, non-English language, non-human nature or because they were case reports or commentaries. All included studies were reviews (46), meta-analyses (one), original research studies (18) and guideline articles (one). The studies were published between 1984 and 2018. Under normal physiological conditions, ROS are vital for sperm maturation, hyperactivation, capacitation, acrosome reaction, as well as fertilisation. However, a number of endogenous and exogenous causes may induce supra-physiological levels of ROS resulting in lipid peroxidation, sperm DNA fragmentation and apoptosis, and consequently infertility. Several laboratory testing methods can be used in infertile men to diagnose OS. Treatment usually involves antioxidant supplementation and, when possible, elimination of the causative factor. Conclusion: OS is an important cause of male factor infertility. Its assessment provides essential information that can guide treatment strategies aimed at improving the male's reproductive potential. Abbreviations: bp: base-pair; CAT: catalase; LPO: lipid peroxidation; MDA: malondialdehyde; MiOXSYS: Male Infertility Oxidative System; mtDNA: mitochondrial DNA; NAD(PH): nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate); NO: nitric oxide; 8-OHdG: 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine; ORP: oxidation-reduction potential; OS: oxidative stress; PKA: protein kinase A; PLA2: phospholipase A2; PRISMA: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses; PUFA: poly-unsaturated fatty acid; ROS: reactive oxygen species; SOD: superoxide dismutase; TAC: total antioxidant capacity; TBA: thiobarbituric acid.

242 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Both animal and human epidemiological studies support the idea that air pollutants cause defects during gametogenesis leading to a drop in reproductive capacities in exposed populations.
Abstract: Air pollution is involved in many pathologies. These pollutants act through several mechanisms that can affect numerous physiological functions, including reproduction: as endocrine disruptors or reactive oxygen species inducers, and through the formation of DNA adducts and/or epigenetic modifications. We conducted a systematic review of the published literature on the impact of air pollution on reproductive function. Eligible studies were selected from an electronic literature search from the PUBMED database from January 2000 to February 2016 and associated references in published studies. Search terms included (1) ovary or follicle or oocyte or testis or testicular or sperm or spermatozoa or fertility or infertility and (2) air quality or O3 or NO2 or PM2.5 or diesel or SO2 or traffic or PM10 or air pollution or air pollutants. The literature search was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. We have included the human and animal studies corresponding to the search terms and published in English. We have excluded articles whose results did not concern fertility or gamete function and those focused on cancer or allergy. We have also excluded genetic, auto-immune or iatrogenic causes of reduced reproduction function from our analysis. Finally, we have excluded animal data that does not concern mammals and studies based on results from in vitro culture. Data have been grouped according to the studied pollutants in order to synthetize their impact on fertility and the molecular pathways involved. Both animal and human epidemiological studies support the idea that air pollutants cause defects during gametogenesis leading to a drop in reproductive capacities in exposed populations. Air quality has an impact on overall health as well as on the reproductive function, so increased awareness of environmental protection issues is needed among the general public and the authorities.

231 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
Ashok Agarwal1, Neel Parekh1, Manesh Kumar Panner Selvam1, Ralf Henkel2, Ralf Henkel1, Rupin Shah3, Sheryl T. Homa4, Ranjith Ramasamy5, Edmund Y. Ko6, Kelton Tremellen7, Sandro C. Esteves8, Sandro C. Esteves9, Ahmad Majzoub10, Ahmad Majzoub1, Juan G. Alvarez11, David K. Gardner12, Channa N. Jayasena13, Channa N. Jayasena14, Jonathan Ramsay14, Chak-Lam Cho15, Ramadan A Saleh16, Denny Sakkas, James M. Hotaling17, Scott Lundy1, Sarah C. Vij1, Joel L. Marmar18, Jaime Gosálvez19, Edmund Sabanegh1, Hyun Jun Park20, Armand Zini21, Parviz Kavoussi, Sava Micic, Ryan P. Smith22, Gian Maria Busetto23, Mustafa Emre Bakircioglu, Gerhard Haidl24, Giancarlo Balercia, Nicolás Garrido Puchalt, Moncef Ben-Khalifa, Nicholas N. Tadros25, Jackson Kirkman-Browne26, Sergey I. Moskovtsev27, Xuefeng Huang28, Edson Borges, Daniel R. Franken29, Natan Bar-Chama30, Yoshiharu Morimoto, Kazuhisa Tomita, Vasan Satya Srini, Willem Ombelet31, Elisabetta Baldi32, Monica Muratori32, Yasushi Yumura33, Sandro La Vignera34, Raghavender Kosgi, Marlon Martinez35, Donald P. Evenson, Daniel Suslik Zylbersztejn, Matheus Roque, Marcello Cocuzza36, Marcelo Vieira37, Assaf Ben-Meir38, Raoul Orvieto39, Raoul Orvieto40, Eliahu Levitas41, Amir Wiser42, Amir Wiser40, Mohamed Arafa10, Vineet Malhotra, Sijo Parekattil43, Haitham Elbardisi10, Luiz Carvalho, Rima Dada44, Christophe Sifer, Pankaj Talwar45, Ahmet Gudeloglu46, Ahmed M A Mahmoud, Khaled Terras, Chadi Yazbeck, Bojanic Nebojsa47, Damayanthi Durairajanayagam48, Ajina Mounir49, Linda G. Kahn50, Saradha Baskaran1, Rishma Pai3, Donatella Paoli23, Kristian Leisegang2, Mohamed Reza Moein, Sonia Malik, Önder Yaman, Luna Samanta51, Fouad Bayane, Sunil Jindal, Muammer Kendirci, Barış Altay52, Dragoljub Perovic, Avi Harlev41 
TL;DR: Oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) can be a useful clinical biomarker for the classification of MOSI, as it takes into account the levels of both oxidants and reductants (antioxidants) and may provide a more targeted, reliable approach for administering antioxidant therapy while minimizing the risk of antioxidant overdose.
Abstract: Despite advances in the field of male reproductive health, idiopathic male infertility, in which a man has altered semen characteristics without an identifiable cause and there is no female factor infertility, remains a challenging condition to diagnose and manage. Increasing evidence suggests that oxidative stress (OS) plays an independent role in the etiology of male infertility, with 30% to 80% of infertile men having elevated seminal reactive oxygen species levels. OS can negatively affect fertility via a number of pathways, including interference with capacitation and possible damage to sperm membrane and DNA, which may impair the sperm's potential to fertilize an egg and develop into a healthy embryo. Adequate evaluation of male reproductive potential should therefore include an assessment of sperm OS. We propose the term Male Oxidative Stress Infertility, or MOSI, as a novel descriptor for infertile men with abnormal semen characteristics and OS, including many patients who were previously classified as having idiopathic male infertility. Oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) can be a useful clinical biomarker for the classification of MOSI, as it takes into account the levels of both oxidants and reductants (antioxidants). Current treatment protocols for OS, including the use of antioxidants, are not evidence-based and have the potential for complications and increased healthcare-related expenditures. Utilizing an easy, reproducible, and cost-effective test to measure ORP may provide a more targeted, reliable approach for administering antioxidant therapy while minimizing the risk of antioxidant overdose. With the increasing awareness and understanding of MOSI as a distinct male infertility diagnosis, future research endeavors can facilitate the development of evidence-based treatments that target its underlying cause.

229 citations


Cites background from "Effect of oxidative stress on male ..."

  • ...gov/health/topics/menshealth/ conditioninfo/infertility) [61], Agarwal et al (2014) [62], Jarow et al (2011) [63]....

    [...]

  • ...Agarwal et al (World J Mens Health 2014;32:1-17) [62]...

    [...]

References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Cellular protection against the deleterious effects of reactive oxidants generated in aerobic metabolism, called oxidative stress, is organized at multiple levels.
Abstract: Cellular protection against the deleterious effects of reactive oxidants generated in aerobic metabolism, called oxidative stress, is organized at multiple levels. Defense strategies include three levels of protection; prevention, interception, and repair. Regulation of the antioxidant capacity includes the maintenance of adequate levels of antioxidant and the localization of antioxidant compounds and enzymes. Short-term and long-term adaptation and cell specialisation in these functions are new areas of interest. Control over the activity of prooxidant enzymes, such as NADPH oxidase and NO synthases, is crucial. Synthetic antioxidants mimic biological strategies.

1,951 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The biomarker 8-OHdG or 8-oxodG has been a pivotal marker for measuring the effect of endogenous oxidative damage to DNA and as a factor of initiation and promotion of carcinogenesis and has been used to estimate the DNA damage in humans after exposure to cancer-causing agents.
Abstract: There is extensive experimental evidence that oxidative damage permanently occurs to lipids of cellular membranes, proteins, and DNA. In nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, 8-hydroxy-2' -deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) or 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2' -deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) is one of the predominant forms of free radical-induced oxidative lesions, and has therefore been widely used as a biomarker for oxidative stress and carcinogenesis. Studies showed that urinary 8-OHdG is a good biomarker for risk assessment of various cancers and degenerative diseases. The most widely used method of quantitative analysis is high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with electrochemical detection (EC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and HPLC tandem mass spectrometry. In order to resolve the methodological problems encountered in measuring quantitatively 8-OHdG, the European Standards Committee for Oxidative DNA Damage was set up in 1997 to resolve the artifactual oxidation problems during the procedures of isolation and purification of oxidative DNA products. The biomarker 8-OHdG or 8-oxodG has been a pivotal marker for measuring the effect of endogenous oxidative damage to DNA and as a factor of initiation and promotion of carcinogenesis. The biomarker has been used to estimate the DNA damage in humans after exposure to cancer-causing agents, such as tobacco smoke, asbestos fibers, heavy metals, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. In recent years, 8-OHdG has been used widely in many studies not only as a biomarker for the measurement of endogenous oxidative DNA damage but also as a risk factor for many diseases including cancer.

1,538 citations


"Effect of oxidative stress on male ..." refers background in this paper

  • ...It was discovered that 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine and two ethenonucleosides (1, N6-ethenoadenosine and 1, N6-ethenoguanosine) are the two major DNA adducts found in human sperm DNA, both of which have been considered key biomarkers of DNA damage caused by OS [54,55]....

    [...]

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: High levels of ROS are detrimental to the fertility potential both in natural and assisted conception states.

1,348 citations


"Effect of oxidative stress on male ..." refers background in this paper

  • ...In a study conducted by Agarwal et al [24], it was reported that the production of ROS by human spermatozoa increased significantly when spermatozoa were exposed to repeated cycles of centrifugation....

    [...]

  • ...Fas is a type I membrane protein that belongs to the tumor necrosis factor-nerve growth factor receptor family and is secreted by the Sertoli cells located on the germ cell surface [24]....

    [...]

  • ...production via the hexose monophosphate shunt [23,24]....

    [...]

  • ...To further support this theory, the same study reported that the percentage of Fas-positive spermatozoa was as high as 50% in men with abnormal sperm parameters [24]....

    [...]

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review will provide an overview of oxidative biochemistry related to sperm health and identify which men are most at risk of oxidative infertility, and outline methods available for diagnosing oxidative stress and the various treatments available.
Abstract: Oxidative stress occurs when the production of potentially destructive reactive oxygen species (ROS) exceeds the bodies own natural antioxidant defenses, resulting in cellular damage. Oxidative stress is a common pathology seen in approximately half of all infertile men. ROS, defined as including oxygen ions, free radicals and peroxides are generated by sperm and seminal leukocytes within semen and produce infertility by two key mechanisms. First, they damage the sperm membrane, decreasing sperm motility and its ability to fuse with the oocyte. Second, ROS can alter the sperm DNA, resulting in the passage of defective paternal DNA on to the conceptus. This review will provide an overview of oxidative biochemistry related to sperm health and will identify which men are most at risk of oxidative infertility. Finally, the review will outline methods available for diagnosing oxidative stress and the various treatments available.

1,231 citations


"Effect of oxidative stress on male ..." refers background in this paper

  • ...Lastly, adequate protective equipment and aeration should be ensured at work places to limit exposure to any chemical or vapor that may cause OS [11]....

    [...]

  • ...In adulthood, apoptosis plays a vital role in selectively destroying the premeiotic spermatogonia during the first round of spermatogenesis by preventing the overproduction of germ cells from seminiferous tubules in response to ROS [11]....

    [...]

  • ...All these have been shown to contribute to OS, and therefore, minimizing such detrimental behavior is likely to aid in alleviating OS [11]....

    [...]

  • ...Since LPO is an autocatalytic self-propagating reaction associated with abnormal fertilization, it is critical to understand the mechanism behind this process, which can be conveniently separated into three main steps, namely initiation, propagation, and termination [11]....

    [...]

  • ...For instance, chlamydia infections can be treated with antibiotics and anti-inflammatory medication, while varicocele can be corrected by surgery [11]....

    [...]