Effect of Salinity on Silica Nanoparticle Adsorption Kinetics and Mechanisms for Fluid/Rock Interaction with Calcite.
TL;DR: Estimates of the surface forces confirmed that nanoparticle–mineral interaction is less attractive in LSW as compared to SSW and DIW, and indicated a reduction in the adsorption rate with increasing nanoparticle concentration in L SW.
Abstract: This study addresses the kinetics of silica nanoparticle adsorption on calcite from a solution at three salinities: deionized water (DIW), synthetic seawater (SSW), and low salinity water (LSW). The nanoparticle adsorption mechanisms and the effects on calcite dissolution are addressed. It was shown that nanoparticle adsorption was best described with the second-order-kinetic model and that silica nanoparticle adsorption reduced calcite dissolution. This was confirmed by measuring the Ca2+ ion concentration, the pH, and by estimating the amount of calcite dissolved. This is an important conclusion of this work, especially as LSW as an enhanced oil recovery technique is a candidate for use in chalk fields. Less formation damage/dissolution of chalk when silica nanoparticles are combined with LSW can lower the risk of reservoir subsidence. Intraparticle diffusion and the pseudo-second-order models, indicated a reduction in the adsorption rate with increasing nanoparticle concentration in LSW. This is explained by possible repulsive forces among the nanoparticles as they diffuse from the bulk fluid onto the calcite surface. Ion charges reduce the repulsion among the nanoparticles through shielding. However, an increasing nanoparticle concentration reduces the shielding efficiency by the ions. Estimates of the surface forces confirmed that nanoparticle–mineral interaction is less attractive in LSW as compared to SSW and DIW.
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TL;DR: In this article, a review of the use of low salinity water (LSW), nanoparticles (NPs), and surfactant (LNS) as EOR agents in carbonates is presented.
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TL;DR: In this paper, a literature review of the use of sorbents and biosorbents to treat polluted aqueous effluents containing dyes:organics or metal ions has been conducted.
13,746 citations
"Effect of Salinity on Silica Nanopa..." refers methods in this paper
...The linearized form of the pseudo-first-order and second-order models can respectively be expressed as [31,55]: ln ( qeq − q(t) ) = ln(qeq)− k1t, (8)...
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TL;DR: Extinction coefficients k(lambda) for water at 25 degrees C were determined through a broad spectral region by manually smoothing a point by point graph of k( lambda) vs wavelength lambda that was plotted for data obtained from a review of the scientific literature on the optical constants of water.
Abstract: Extinction coefficients k(lambda) for water at 25 degrees C were determined through a broad spectral region by manually smoothing a point by point graph of k(lambda) vs wavelength lambda that was plotted for data obtained from a review of the scientific literature on the optical constants of water. Absorption bands representing k(lambda) were postulated where data were not available in the vacuum uv and soft x-ray regions. A subtractive Kramers-Kronig analysis of the combined postulated and smoothed portions of the k(lambda) spectrum provided the index of refraction n(lambda) for the spectral region 200 nm
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TL;DR: In this paper, the index of refraction of optical quality fused silica (SiO2) was determined for 60 wavelengths from 0.21 to 3.71 μ at 20°C.
Abstract: The index of refraction of optical quality fused silica (SiO2) was determined for 60 wavelengths from 0.21 to 3.71 μ at 20°C. The dispersion equation n2-1=0.6961663λ2λ2-(0.0684043)2+0.4079426λ2λ2-(0.1162414)2+0.8974794λ2λ2-(9.896161)2.where λ is expressed in microns was found to yield an absolute residual of 10.5×10−6. The variation in index between 12 specimens was determined. Dispersive properties of the material and thermal coefficient of index are graphically presented. A comparison with previous NBS index data is discussed.
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2,373 citations
01 Jan 2016
1,715 citations
"Effect of Salinity on Silica Nanopa..." refers background in this paper
...5,) and ɛ3(80) represent the static dielectric constants of the interacting species (mineral and nanoparticle) and the intervening media (water), respectively [49]....
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