Effect of vehicle speed and overload on dynamic response of semi-rigid base asphalt pavement
TL;DR: In this article, a semi-rigid base asphalt pavement is still considered as one of the main distress related to Chinese highway pavements, and there are several reasons for this premature damage.
Abstract: Premature deterioration in semi-rigid base asphalt pavement is still considered as one of the main distress related to Chinese highway pavements. There are several reasons for this premature damage...
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the distribution of the mechanical parameters in three new semi-rigid pavement structures with typical functional and structural requirements, specially designed to withstand various distresses of semirigid pavements.
44 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the structural behavior of layered asphalt pavements subjected to dynamic moving wheel loads is studied and a structural model is proposed for the future design of more durable pavement structures.
Abstract: Understanding the structural behavior of layered asphalt pavements subjected to dynamic moving wheel loads is a crucial requirement for the future design of more-durable pavement structures...
20 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a three-dimensional model is used to predict the distribution of contact stresses and rolling resistance under different working conditions of the tyre, comprising various tyre loads, inflation pressures, and velocities.
Abstract: In this work, to analyse the changing characteristics of contact stresses in the tyre–pavement interface and the functional relationship between rolling resistance and the working conditions of truck-bus tyres, a three-dimensional tyre–pavement model is established and used to predict the distribution of contact stresses and rolling resistance under different working conditions of the tyre, comprising various tyre loads, inflation pressures, and velocities. Results show that the magnitude relationship between transverse and longitudinal contact stresses is related to rolling conditions, and overload and low tyre pressure are important contributors to the wear of the tyre shoulder. In addition, the proposed exponential equation presents a method that can be used to forecast rolling resistance related to the working conditions of the truck-bus tyre, and a similar method can be used to predict the rolling resistances of other types of tyres.
14 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a 3D nonlinear FEM has been established to simulate the instrumented Harbin-Dalian railway test section, where each train carriage was modeled as a transient dynamic load through a user-defined Dload subroutine.
Abstract: The performance of railroad structure has a tremendous influence on the safety and stable operation of high-speed trains. Strong vibrations and the degradation rate of the track are the main factors affecting the transport safety of a railroad built over a weak soil. Geogrid reinforced embankment supported by pile structure is a new efficient construction technique used to ensure the stability and enhance the performance of the railroad system; but only a few studies are oriented to its behavior under train operation. This paper investigates the dynamic response of geogrid reinforced embankment supported by cement fly-ash gravel pile structure during a high-speed train operation. The establishment of a realistic simulation model for railroad subjected to a moving train load, is an important first step towards the reliable design of geogrid reinforced embankment supported by pile structure. Thus, a 3D nonlinear FEM has been established to simulate the instrumented Harbin-Dalian railway test section. Each train carriage was modeled as a transient dynamic load through a user-defined Dload subroutine. The developed model was successfully validated by the dynamic response recorded from the field test section. The improvement of the railroad structure by the CFG piles and geogrids contributed significantly to the reduction of the vibration in the structure, which attenuates 1.2 times faster with the structure depth, even under overload conditions. Moreover, the phenomenon of resonance observed when the train reaches speeds of 100 and 260 km/h were annihilated. The analysis of the stress distribution within the embankment revealed that a dynamic arch is formed in the embankment at 2 m from the ground. The stress onto the pile was 16 times greater than that acted on the soil and the tensile stress developed in the geogrid was high at the piles edge below. In addition, the coupling effect of geogrid with various tensile strengths and the piles with different strength grades indicated that the combination of a high-strength pile and geogrid significantly reduces the displacement gap due to the variation of train speed. As a result, the vibrations of the track were almost constant during the train operation; thus, ensuring comfort to passengers and reducing the risk of derailment.
12 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the thermal deformation and thermoviscoelasticity of the saturated asphalt pavement under the vehicle load, the thermal expansion and thermal compressive stress emerge in the heat-up asphalt pavement, and the pore water pressure in the voids of the asphalt layer.
12 citations
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6,510 citations
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01 Dec 1959
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the design of Flexible Airport Pavements and Rigid Highway Paves, as well as their application in the construction of highway and airport road networks.
Abstract: FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES. Pavement Types, Wheel Loads, and Design Factors. Stresses in Flexible Pavements. Stresses in Rigid Pavements. Vehicle and Traffic Considerations. Climate, Environment. The Economic Factor, Design Strategies, Systems Analysis. PROPERTIES OF PAVEMENT COMPONENTS: MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION. Soil Classification. Materials Characterization. Soil and Base Stabilization. Subgrades. Bases and Subbases. Bituminous Surfaces. Material Variability. DESIGN OF FLEXIBLE PAVEMENTS. Design of Flexible Airport Pavements. Design of Flexible Highway Pavements. DESIGN OF RIGID PAVEMENTS. Design of Rigid Airport Pavements. Design of Rigid Highway Pavements. PAVEMENT EVALUATION AND REHABILITATION. Pavement Distress. Condition Surveys. Strengthening Existing Pavements.
1,030 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a three-dimensional finite element (FE) model was developed to simulate pavement responses to vehicular loading at different temperatures and speeds, and compared with field-measured pavement responses from the Virginia Smart Road.
Abstract: The objective of this study was to characterize hot-mix asphalt (HMA) viscoelastic properties at intermediate and high temperatures and to incorporate laboratory-determined parameters into a three-dimensional finite element (FE) model to accurately simulate pavement responses to vehicular loading at different temperatures and speeds. Results of the developed FE model were compared against field-measured pavement responses from the Virginia Smart Road. Results of this analysis indicated that the elastic theory grossly underpredicts pavement responses to vehicular loading at intermediate and high temperatures. In addition, the elastic FE model could not simulate permanent deformation or delayed recovery, a known characteristic of HMA materials. In contrast, results of the FE viscoelastic model were in better agreement with field measurements. In this case, the average error in the prediction was less than 15%. The FE model successfully simulated retardation of the response in the transverse direction and rapid relaxation of HMA in the longitudinal direction. Moreover, the developed model allowed predicting primary rutting damage at the surface and its partial recovery after load application.
184 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the Kramers-Kronig relations linking modulus and phase angle of a complex function are used to construct master-curves from complex-modulus measurements.
Abstract: This paper gives a mathematical-based procedure in order to construct master-curves from complex-modulus measurements. The method is based on the Kramers-Kronig relations linking modulus and phase angle of a complex function. Three pure bitumens, one polymer-modified-binder and two mixtures are chosen to validate the possible use of this methodology and apply it. Assumptions which are needed to apply this procedure, are verified on complex-modulus data measured from these materials. Hence, master-curves can be built without introducing error from manual adjustement. The method seems to be suitable for binders and mixtures as soon as their behaviour is in agreement with the time-temperature equivalency principle. In conclusion, some interpretations of the WLF constants are given.
159 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a 3D finite element (FE) model was developed to predict pavement responses to vehicular loading, incorporating measured tire-pavement contact stresses, continuous moving wheel loading, and hot-mix asphalt (HMA) viscoelastic characteristics.
Abstract: A three-dimensional (3-D) finite element (FE) model was developed to predict pavement responses to vehicular loading. The model incorporates measured tire-pavement contact stresses, continuous moving wheel loading, and hot-mix asphalt (HMA) viscoelastic characteristics. The model was fine-tuned using implicit-dynamic analysis and validated using pavement response from accelerated loading. Two tire configurations (dualtire assembly and wide-base 455 tire) and three full-depth flexible pavement designs (HMA 152 mm, 254 mm, and 420 mm) were used in both FE modeling and accelerated loading tests. The predicted and calculated strain responses at the bottom of HMA were in agreement. Most important, the study shows that vertical shear strain in the upper 76 to 100 mm of the pavement surface is critical for thick pavement and is influenced by the 3-D tire-pavement contact stresses under each tire rib. However, the tensile strain at the bottom of HMA is affected mainly by the total wheel load. The vertical shear s...
143 citations