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Journal Article•DOI•

Effect of weld metal chemistry and heat input on the structure and properties of duplex stainless steel welds

V. Muthupandi, P. Bala Srinivasan, S.K. Seshadri1, S. Sundaresan1•
Indian Institute of Technology Madras1
15 Oct 2003-Materials Science and Engineering A-structural Materials Properties Microstructure and Processing (Elsevier)-Vol. 358, Iss: 1, pp 9-16
TL;DR: In this article, a low heat input process viz., EBW and another commonly employed process, gas tungsten-arc welding have been employed for welding of duplex stainless steels with and without nickel enhancement.
Abstract: The excellent combination of strength and corrosion resistance in duplex stainless steels (DSS) is due to their strict composition control and microstructural balance. The ferrite–austenite ratio is often upset in DSS weld metals owing to the rapid cooling rates associated with welding. To achieve the desired ferrite–austenite balance and hence properties, either the weld metal composition and/or the heat input is controlled. In the current work, a low heat input process viz., EBW and another commonly employed process, gas tungsten-arc welding have been employed for welding of DSS with and without nickel enhancement. Results show that (i) chemical composition has got a greater influence on the ferrite–austenite ratio than the cooling rate, (ii) and even EBW which is considered an immature process in welding of DSS, can be employed provided means of filler addition could be devised.
Citations
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Journal Article•DOI•
Microstructure characterization of a duplex stainless steel weld by electron backscattering diffraction and orientation imaging microscopy techniques

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Isabela Viegas Aguiar1, Diana Pérez Escobar1, Dagoberto Brandão Santos1, Paulo José Modenesi1•
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais1
01 Mar 2015-Materia-rio De Janeiro
TL;DR: In this article, the electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) technique was used to characterize the microstructure (especially the morphology and constitution) of the base metal (BM), the heat-affected zone (HAZ) and the fusion zone (FZ) on a lean duplex stainless steel (LDX).
Abstract: This paper describes the electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) technique used to characterize the microstructure (especially the morphology and constitution) of the base metal (BM), the heat-affected zone (HAZ) and the fusion zone (FZ) on a lean duplex stainless steel (LDX). This technique provides advantages due to its simplicity of use and greater depth of information, thereby increasing the amount of information obtained by traditional characterization techniques such as optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The use of EBSD together with orientation imaging microscopy (OIM) as a tool to understand phase transformation paths and ferrite-austenite variant selection was discussed. Vickers microhardness measurements were performed and no significance difference between the different zones was found. Orientation distribution function (ODF) results show that there are no significant changes on the crystallographic texture of the samples after welding. The advantages of using SEM together with EBSD for microstructure analyzing and texture development were also discussed.

15 citations

Cites background or result from "Effect of weld metal chemistry and ..."

  • ...However, at these peak temperatures, a two-phase microstructure is maintained, grain growth tends to be minimal and the microstructure is quite similar to that of the base metal [5-10]....

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  • ...They are also in accordance with the ones found in literature [6,7,10] and do not indicate the formation of appreciable amounts of hard phases in both weld beads and their heat affected zones....

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  • ...Hence, the knowledge of these changes is extremely important to guarantee the high quality of the products obtained with these steels, especially after heat treatment and welding [2-5,9,10]....

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  • ...The same occurred at the reheated areas and at the HAZ for the studied specimens, even though this phenomenon has been frequently reported in literature for more alloyed duplex stainless steels [10,11,12]....

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Journal Article•DOI•
Electrochemical Characterization of AISI 2205 Duplex Stainless Steel Welded Joints with Electromagnetic Interaction

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García Rentería Marco Arturo1, López Morelos Víctor Hugo1, García Hernández Rafael1, Bedolla Becerril Egberto1, González Sánchez Jorge Antonio2 •
Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo1, Autonomous University of Campeche2
01 Jan 2015-Procedia Materials Science
TL;DR: In this article, the electrochemical characterization of 2205 duplex stainless steel welded plates (6.35mm thick) was carried out using optical and scanning electron microscopy techniques, focusing on qualitative and quantitative analyses of the phases present in the weld zone.

14 citations

Cites background from "Effect of weld metal chemistry and ..."

  • ...The effect of the welding thermal cycle is reflected on the grain growth of the ferritic phase ( ) due to the total or partial dissolution of the austenitic phase ( ) in the high temperature heat affected zone (HTHAZ) increasing the volume fraction of -phase due to the relatively fast cooling [1-4]....

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  • ...The generation of phase at the weld metal (WM) depends on the heat input and filler metal chemical composition [1-2, 4, 11-13]....

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  • ...Another undesirable phase that decreases corrosion resistance is CrN which precipitates within the phase grains and along the - and - grain boundaries owing to the high affinity of N by Cr [1-2, 4, 7]....

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  • ...In order to achieve a / phase ratio close to 50/50, careful control of welding operative variables and/or post weld heat treatments are needed [1, 14] along with the addition of phase stabilizers in the filler metal [1-2, 4, 10-11, 15] and N in the shielding gas [12-13, 16]....

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Journal Article•DOI•
Studies on metallurgical and mechanical properties of laser welded dissimilar grade steels

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S. Saravanan1, Krishnamurthy Raghukandan1, N. Sivagurumanikandan1•
Annamalai University1
01 Sep 2017-Journal of The Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of two different welding speeds (300 and 400mm/min) on the nature of diverse weld zone morphology and joint strength of dissimilar welds was explored.
Abstract: Weldability of three steel combinations {ferritic (UNS G10800), austenitic (UNS G30400) and super duplex stainless steels (UNS S32760)} by pulsed 600 W Nd: Yag laser is presented. The study attempts to explore the effect of two different welding speeds (300 and 400 mm/min) on the nature of diverse weld zone morphology and joint strength of dissimilar welds. Microhardness at the top surface of the weld zone and heat affected zone (HAZ) is superior to middle and root section of welds. Tensile strength of the welds was higher at lower welding speed (300 mm/min) for all combinations and maximum tensile strength is obtained for SS 304-SDSS combination. Maximum and minimum corrosion rates are observed in ferritic steel and super duplex stainless steel, respectively.

14 citations

Journal Article•DOI•
Study and selection of most appropriate filler rod for GTAW of S32750 super duplex steel joints: A comprehensive study on microstructural, mechanical and corrosion properties

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Esmaeil Amiri1, Farhad Ostovan1, Meysam Toozandehjani2, Ehsan Shafiei1, Intan Fadhlina Mohamed3 •
Islamic Azad University1, Amirkabir University of Technology2, National University of Malaysia3
15 Sep 2021-Materials Chemistry and Physics
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of using different filler metals on the microstructure, mechanical and corrosion properties of gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) of S32750 super duplex steel joints has been investigated.

14 citations

Journal Article•DOI•
Investigating the influence of hydrogen on stress corrosion cracking of 2205 duplex stainless steel in sulfuric acid by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

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Chuanbo Zheng1, Guo Yi1•
Jiangsu University1
01 Mar 2017-Corrosion Reviews
TL;DR: In this article, the phase shift in EIS was calculated from frequencies between 0.1 and 10 Hz to monitor the stress corrosion cracking (SCC) behavior of 2205 duplex stainless steel in 0.5 m sulfuric acid solution under hydrogen charging conditions.
Abstract: Abstract As a nondestructive and sensitive method, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) can be used to investigate the passivation and breakdown of passive films on steel. In this study, EIS, combined with slow strain rate test and scanning electron microscopy, was employed to study the stress corrosion cracking (SCC) behavior of 2205 duplex stainless steel in 0.5 m sulfuric acid solution under hydrogen-charging conditions. Results showed that the corrosion resistance of passive film on the hydrogen-charged specimen was lower than that for the specimen with no hydrogen charge. Hydrogen-induced cracking was evident after the specimens had been charged for 24 h. The phase shift in EIS, calculated from frequencies between 0.1 and 10 Hz, could be used to monitor the SCC process.

14 citations

Cites background from "Effect of weld metal chemistry and ..."

  • ...…of ferrite (α) and austenite (γ), are widely used in petroleum and natural gas industries and chemical tankers (Guo et al., 2011; Igual et al., 2006; Muthupandi et  al., 2003; Tan et  al., 2009; Zakroczymski & Owczarek, 2002) because of their high strength, good toughness, resistance to…...

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References
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Book•
Duplex stainless steels : microstructure, properties and applications

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Robert N. Gunn
01 Jan 1997
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a non-destructive testing of welds for service experience, based on the application of service experience in metallurgy and metallurgical applications.
Abstract: Developments, grades and specifications Alloy design Microstructure Forming and machining Physical and mechanical properties Corrosion Stress corrosion cracking Welding metallurgy Welding processes Weld properties Non-destructive testing of welds Applications Service experience.

449 citations

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