Effectiveness of problem-based learning curricula: theory, practice and paper darts.
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Cites background from "Effectiveness of problem-based lear..."
...Looking at a number of meta-analyses [17], Norman and Schmidt [18] point out that having students work in small teams has a positive effect on academic achievement while self-directed learning has a slight negative effect on academic achievement....
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...Their results are shown in Table 3, taken directly from Norman and Schmidt using the summary of meta-studies provided by Lipsey and Wilson [17]....
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...Can one or two elements be identified as common or decisive? Norman and Schmidt [18] provide one way around the difficulty by identifying several components of PBL in order to show how they impact learning outcomes....
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...Norman and Schmidt [18] argue “PBL does provide a more challenging, motivating and enjoyable approach to education....
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...Norman and Schmidt [18] provide one way around the difficulty by identifying several components of PBL in order to show how they impact learning outcomes....
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Cites background from "Effectiveness of problem-based lear..."
...Problem-based learning (PBL) is a curriculum development and instructional approach that applies problematic situations adapted from real world issues as a starting point for learning and studying (see, e.g. Albanese & Mitchell, 1993; Boud & Feletti, 1991; Norman & Schmidt, 2000)....
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Cites methods from "Effectiveness of problem-based lear..."
...Out of these ten studies, we excluded Norman and Schmidt (2000), because it was a response to an existing meta-analysis without providing new data or newly analyzing existing data, and Smits, Verbeek, and De Buisonje (2002), because the study did not compare traditional instruction to PBL-oriented…...
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References
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