Effects of 2 low-fat stanol ester–containing margarines on serum cholesterol concentrations as part of a low-fat diet in hypercholesterolemic subjects
01 Mar 1999-The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (American Society for Nutrition)-Vol. 69, Iss: 3, pp 403-410
TL;DR: It is concluded that the low-fat, plant stanol ester-containing margarines are effective cholesterol-lowering products in hypercholesterolemic subjects when used as part of a low-Fat, low-cholesterol diet.
About: This article is published in The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.The article was published on 1999-03-01 and is currently open access. It has received 240 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Stanol ester & Plant stanol ester.
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TL;DR: The results confirm that administration of plant stanols at a dosage of 2 g/day for 12 months significantly reduces (by slightly more than 10%) the concentrations of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in individuals with hypercholesterolemia.
Abstract: Introduction and objectives Plant stanol consumption may improve long-term cholesterol control. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of 2 g/day of plant stanols in reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in patients with hypercholesterolemia. Methods This randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled study included 182 adults diagnosed with hypercholesterolemia. A yogurt drink containing 2 g of plant stanols was administered to 91 participants in the intervention group; 91 participants in the control group received unsupplemented yogurt. The primary end point was the change in the lipid profile at 12 months. Results Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels at 12 months were significantly more reduced in the stanol intervention group than in the control group: 13.7 (95% confidence interval, 3.2-24.1) mg/dL ( P = .011). A reduction of more than 10% in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol was achieved by a significantly higher proportion of participants in the intervention group (relative risk = 1.7; 95% confidence interval, 1.1-2.7). In this group, the mean (standard deviation) level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol decreased by 11.0% (23.9%). Conclusions Our results confirm that administration of plant stanols at a dosage of 2 g/day for 12 months significantly reduces (by slightly more than 10%) the concentrations of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in individuals with hypercholesterolemia. Trial registration ( www.ClinicalTrials.gov ): Current Controlled Trials NCT01406106.
19 citations
TL;DR: Given the considerable body of evidence, it is concluded that comprehensive dietary management should be central to the routine primary and secondary prevention of CHD.
18 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors determined the efficacy of a water dispersible formulation of free plant sterols (WD-PS) versus plant sterol esters (PS-esters).
18 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The objective of this review is to discuss the results of available studies concerning metabolic effects of phytosterols with a closer look at their impact on lipid metabolism in humans.
Abstract: The hypocholesterolemic effect of plant sterols (phytosterols) that relies on lowering the intestinal absorption of both dietary and endogenous cholesterol has been known since the middle of the twentieth century. Due to this fact, many food products, mostly margarines, have been enriched with phytosterols and used in management of moderate hypercholesterolemia. Phytosterol-enriched margarines enable effective therapy of moderate hypercholesterolemia with dosage of around 3 g phytosterols per day. A higher dose is not recommended due to the possibility of interference of phytosterols with the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins. The characteristic feature of phytosterolemia (sitosterolemia) is enhanced absorption of phytosterols which in consequence leads to premature atherosclerosis. The objective of this review is to discuss the results of available studies concerning metabolic effects of phytosterols with a closer look at their impact on lipid metabolism in humans.
18 citations
01 Jan 2008
TL;DR: The Panel considers that the constituent (animal protein) which is the subject of the claim is sufficiently characterised and will apply to all foods providing at least 12% of their energy value as protein.
Abstract: SUMMARY Following a request from the European Commission, the Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety of dried and roasted leaves from Morinda citrifolia L. intended to be used for the preparation of infusions. After cutting, the leaves of M. citrifolia are subjected to drying and roasting steps. The steps are standard procedures commonly applied in food production and do not give rise to concern. Compositional data on various batches of dried and roasted M. citrifolia leaves from French Polynesia have been provided. The information presented does not indicate detrimental nutritional effects to be expected from the consumption of tea infusions made from dried and roasted M. citrifolia leaves. Under the applied analytical conditions none of the anthraquinones rubiadin, alizarin and lucidin could be detected in dried and roasted M. citrifolia leaves (detection limits 0.25, 0.025 and 0.4 mg/kg) and in infusions (detection limits 1.04, 0.1 and 1.67 µg/l), respectively. 5,15-Dimethylmorindol, an anthraquinone previously isolated from the fruits of M. citrifolia, was shown to be present in dried and roasted M. citrifolia leaves at concentrations ranging from 11.3 to 42.6 mg/kg. In infusions from dried and roasted M. citrifolia leaves contents of 5,15-dimethylmorindol ranging between 5.8 and 20.9 µg/l were determined. On the basis of an average 5,15-dimethylmorindol content of 26.5 ± 11.75 mg/kg in dried and roasted leaves and an average extraction efficiency of 34 %, a total of approximately 9 ± 4 µg 5,15-dimethylmorindol is expected to be present per cup of tea (100 ml). Roasting of M. citrifolia leaves causes 80 and 77 % decreases of the concentrations of the glycosides rutin and kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoysyl-(1-6)-s-D-glucopyranoside, respectively, and 2- and 2.9-fold increases of the corresponding aglycones, quercetin and 1 For citation purposes: Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies on a request from the
17 citations
References
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TL;DR: Dairy therapy remains the first line of treatment of high blood cholesterol, and drug therapy is reserved for patients who are considered to be at high risk for CHD, and the fundamental approach to treatment is comparable.
Abstract: THE SECOND report of the Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel II, or ATP II) presents the National Cholesterol Education Program's updated recommendations for cholesterol management. It is similar to the first in general outline, and the fundamental approach to treatment of high blood cholesterol is comparable. This report continues to identify low-density lipoproteins (LDL) as the primary target of cholesterol-lowering therapy. As in the first report, the second report emphasizes the role of the clinical approach in primary prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD). Dietary therapy remains the first line of treatment of high blood cholesterol, and drug therapy is reserved for patients who are considered to be at high risk for CHD. However, the second report contains new features that distinguish it from the first. These include the following: Increased emphasis on See also pp 3002 and 3009.
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Abstract: SPSS for Windows: base system user's guide release 6.0 , SPSS for Windows: base system user's guide release 6.0 , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
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1,177 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors tested the tolerability and cholesterol-lowering effect of margarine containing sitostanol ester in a population with mild hypercholesterolemia.
Abstract: Background Dietary plant sterols, especially sitostanol, reduce serum cholesterol by inhibiting cholesterol absorption. Soluble sitostanol may be more effective than a less soluble preparation. We tested the tolerability and cholesterol-lowering effect of margarine containing sitostanol ester in a population with mild hypercholesterolemia. Methods We conducted a one-year, randomized, double-blind study in 153 randomly selected subjects with mild hypercholesterolemia. Fifty-one consumed margarine without sitostanol ester (the control group), and 102 consumed margarine containing sitostanol ester (1.8 or 2.6 g of sitostanol per day). Results The margarine containing sitostanol ester was well tolerated. The mean one-year reduction in serum cholesterol was 10.2 percent in the sitostanol group, as compared with an increase of 0.1 percent in the control group. The difference in the change in serum cholesterol concentration between the two groups was -24 mg per deciliter (95 percent confidence interval, -17 to -...
752 citations