Effects of 2 low-fat stanol ester–containing margarines on serum cholesterol concentrations as part of a low-fat diet in hypercholesterolemic subjects
01 Mar 1999-The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (American Society for Nutrition)-Vol. 69, Iss: 3, pp 403-410
TL;DR: It is concluded that the low-fat, plant stanol ester-containing margarines are effective cholesterol-lowering products in hypercholesterolemic subjects when used as part of a low-Fat, low-cholesterol diet.
About: This article is published in The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.The article was published on 1999-03-01 and is currently open access. It has received 240 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Stanol ester & Plant stanol ester.
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TL;DR: It is suggested that a margarine containing plant stanol ester (Benecol) may not lower low density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration in people with a fat modified diet.
Abstract: EDITOR—Van Heyningen suggests that a margarine containing plant stanol ester (Benecol) may not lower low density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration in people with a fat modified diet.1 He presents no evidence of his own for this assertion but cites a study by …
8 citations
TL;DR: There is no evidence that use of sterol/stanol ester-containing foods in normocholesterolemic individuals will prevent the onset of elevated cholesterol levels, and patients should be cautioned that use beyond the manufacturer-recommended levels will not result in greater LDL-cholesterol lowering.
Abstract: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death and disability in the United States, and an elevated low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol level is one risk factor. The primary nonpharmacological approach to reducing LDL-cholesterol levels is to restrict dietary saturated fat and cholesterol. Adjunct strategies are frequently superimposed as well. One newer approach is to substitute foods containing plant sterol/stanol esters for conventional foods such as margarines and salad dressings. Daily consumption of 2–3 g of plant sterol/stanol esters has been reported to reduce LDL-cholesterol levels by 9% to 20%, with considerable individual variability. This cholesterol lowering appears additive to that achieved with saturated fat and cholesterol restriction or use of hydroxymethylgluteryl-CoA-reductase inhibitors. The hypocholesterolemic effect of plant sterol/stanol esters is thought to be mediated primarily by decreasing intestinal cholesterol absorption. Few adverse effects have been reported for short- and long-term use of sterol/stanol ester-containing foods. However, declines in plasma carotenoids and tocopherol levels have been reported. The clinical significance of this observation is unknown but needs further evaluation. Plant sterol/stanol ester-containing foods can be used to augment a low-saturated-fat and low-cholesterol diet; however, patients should be cautioned that use beyond the manufacturer-recommended levels will not result in greater LDL-cholesterol lowering. If a patient decides to use plant sterol/stanol ester-containing foods, they should be substituted, not added, to the diet to avoid increasing caloric intake. Additionally, there is no evidence that use of sterol/stanol ester-containing foods in normocholesterolemic individuals will prevent the onset of elevated cholesterol levels.
7 citations
01 Jan 2009
TL;DR: Important topics regarding the lipids metabolism are reviewed and correlate them with nutritional therapies that may contribute to the prevention and treatment of related diseases.
Abstract: 1RESUMO A Organizacao Mundial da Saude (OMS) reiterou recentemente que o consumo de dietas inadequadas e a inatividade fisica estao entre os dez principais fatores de mortalidade. Diversos ensaios aleatorizados demonstram que intervencoes alimentares adequadas podem diminuir ou prevenir significativamente o aparecimento de varias doencas cronicas nao transmissiveis. Neste contexto, o papel da dieta vem sendo exaustivamente avaliado em estudos clinicos e epidemiologicos. Assim, ja foi bem estabelecido na literatura que a quantidade e o tipo de gordura alimentar exercem influencia direta sobre fatores de risco cardiovascular, tais como a concentracao de lipides e de lipoproteinas plasmaticas, bem como sua associacao a processos inflamatorios. Os acidos graxos participam de complexos sistemas de sinalizacao intracelular, funcao que vem sendo bastante explorada. Os acidos graxos poli-insaturados nao somente influenciam a composicao das membranas, metabolismo celular e sinais de traducao, mas tambem modulam a expressao de genes, regulando a atividade e a producao de diversos fatores de transcricao. A proposta deste artigo e rever topicos relevantes referentes ao metabolismo de lipides e os relacionar a terapias nutricionais que possam contribuir para a prevencao e o tratamento de doencas associadas. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 2009;53(5):595-607.
7 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that consumption of smoothie drink with added plant stanol esters effectively reduces serum total and LDL-cholesterol of hypercholesterolemic Indonesian subjects already in two weeks.
Abstract: Indonesians have a high intake of saturated fats, a key contributing dietary factor to elevated blood cholesterol concentrations We investigated the cholesterol lowering efficacy of a smoothie drink with 2 grams of plant stanols as esters to lower serum total and LDL-cholesterol concentrations in hypercholesterolemic Indonesian adults The double-blind randomized placebo controlled parallel design study involved 99 subjects Fifty subjects received control drink and dietary advice, and 49 subjects received intervention drink (Nutrive Benecol®) and dietary advice Baseline, midline (week 2), and endline (week 4) assessments were undertaken for clinical, anthropometric, and biochemical variables Compared to control, the smoothie drink with plant stanols reduced serum LDL-cholesterol concentration by 76% (p < 005) and 90% (p < 005) in two and four weeks, respectively Serum total cholesterol was reduced by 57% (p < 005 compared to control) in two weeks, and no further reduction was detected after four weeks (56%) Compared to baseline habitual diet, LDL-cholesterol was reduced by 93% (p < 005) and 98% (p < 005) in the plant stanol ester group in two and four weeks, respectively We conclude that consumption of smoothie drink with added plant stanol esters effectively reduces serum total and LDL-cholesterol of hypercholesterolemic Indonesian subjects already in two weeks Trial is registered as NCT02316808
7 citations
Cites background or result from "Effects of 2 low-fat stanol ester–c..."
...Its LDL-cholesterol lowering efficacy has been demonstrated as a part of typical Western diet [16] and also as a part of low saturated fat and low-cholesterol diets [17, 18, 21]....
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...The findings are in line with the study of Hallikainen and Uusitupa [18], in which plant stanol ester as a part of a low-fat, low-cholesterol diet reduced LDL-C effectively when compared both to the effects of the low-fat, low-cholesterol diet alone, and to the baseline high-fat diet....
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TL;DR: Adherence to a low fat diet can safely lower LDL-cholesterol levels and provide optimal calories and nutrients to support normal growth and development in childhood and adolescence.
7 citations
References
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TL;DR: Dairy therapy remains the first line of treatment of high blood cholesterol, and drug therapy is reserved for patients who are considered to be at high risk for CHD, and the fundamental approach to treatment is comparable.
Abstract: THE SECOND report of the Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel II, or ATP II) presents the National Cholesterol Education Program's updated recommendations for cholesterol management. It is similar to the first in general outline, and the fundamental approach to treatment of high blood cholesterol is comparable. This report continues to identify low-density lipoproteins (LDL) as the primary target of cholesterol-lowering therapy. As in the first report, the second report emphasizes the role of the clinical approach in primary prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD). Dietary therapy remains the first line of treatment of high blood cholesterol, and drug therapy is reserved for patients who are considered to be at high risk for CHD. However, the second report contains new features that distinguish it from the first. These include the following: Increased emphasis on See also pp 3002 and 3009.
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Abstract: SPSS for Windows: base system user's guide release 6.0 , SPSS for Windows: base system user's guide release 6.0 , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors tested the tolerability and cholesterol-lowering effect of margarine containing sitostanol ester in a population with mild hypercholesterolemia.
Abstract: Background Dietary plant sterols, especially sitostanol, reduce serum cholesterol by inhibiting cholesterol absorption. Soluble sitostanol may be more effective than a less soluble preparation. We tested the tolerability and cholesterol-lowering effect of margarine containing sitostanol ester in a population with mild hypercholesterolemia. Methods We conducted a one-year, randomized, double-blind study in 153 randomly selected subjects with mild hypercholesterolemia. Fifty-one consumed margarine without sitostanol ester (the control group), and 102 consumed margarine containing sitostanol ester (1.8 or 2.6 g of sitostanol per day). Results The margarine containing sitostanol ester was well tolerated. The mean one-year reduction in serum cholesterol was 10.2 percent in the sitostanol group, as compared with an increase of 0.1 percent in the control group. The difference in the change in serum cholesterol concentration between the two groups was -24 mg per deciliter (95 percent confidence interval, -17 to -...
752 citations