Effects of 2 low-fat stanol ester–containing margarines on serum cholesterol concentrations as part of a low-fat diet in hypercholesterolemic subjects
01 Mar 1999-The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (American Society for Nutrition)-Vol. 69, Iss: 3, pp 403-410
TL;DR: It is concluded that the low-fat, plant stanol ester-containing margarines are effective cholesterol-lowering products in hypercholesterolemic subjects when used as part of a low-Fat, low-cholesterol diet.
About: This article is published in The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.The article was published on 1999-03-01 and is currently open access. It has received 240 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Stanol ester & Plant stanol ester.
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TL;DR: The results of several selected studies relating phytosterol consumption and plasma levels of lipids, lipoproteins and antioxidants are reviewed and a significant decrease in the absorption of several lypophilic antioxidant compounds such as carotenoids and tocopherols is observed, which may counterbalance the protective cardiovascular effect ofphytosterols.
Abstract: Phytosterols are plant sterols structurally similar to cholesterol. The most common phytosterols are s-sitosterol, campesterol and stigmasterol. They are present in many foods but mainly in nuts and vegetable oils. They compete with cholesterol absorption decreasing the cardiovascular risk. Recent studies have associated the intake of 0.63-3g/day of phytosterols with lowering serum cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels. The same decrease has been observed in apolipoprotein B. These results suggest that dietary phytosterols are useful for protection against cardiovascular disease. Because of this they have been incorporated in relatively high quantities into spreads and margarines. However, negative effects have also been reported. Among them, a significant decrease in the absorption of several lypophilic antioxidant compounds such as carotenoids and tocopherols, which may counterbalance the protective cardiovascular effect of phytosterols. In this paper the results of several selected studies relating phytosterol consumption and plasma levels of lipids, lipoproteins and antioxidants are reviewed. More studies are needed to establish if it is necessary to supplement with such antioxidant compounds the diet of people consuming phytosterols for therapeutical purposes.
5 citations
TL;DR: De facon apparemment paradoxale, plusieurs etudes ont montre une correlation positive entre concentration plasmatique elevee en phytosterols et augmentation du risque cardiovasculaire.
Abstract: Resume Les phytosterols sont des composes naturels presents dans les plantes, les oleagineux. Les phytostanols sont issus de l'hydrogenation des phytosterols. Ces composes rentrent en competition avec l'absorption du cholesterol alimentaire et diminuent le cholesterol LDL d'environ 8 a 15 % de facon dose dependante. Ils entrainent egalement une diminution de la biodisponibilite des carotenoides. Une tres faible proportion est absorbee, de facon variable selon les individus. Aucune etude epidemiologique n'a ete realisee sur le lien entre apports en phytosterols et risque cardiovasculaire. En revanche, de facon apparemment paradoxale, plusieurs etudes ont montre une correlation positive entre concentration plasmatique elevee en phytosterols et augmentation du risque cardiovasculaire. D'autres etudes ont mis en evidence une correlation entre l'absorption des phytosterols et leur concentration au niveau du plasma et des plaques d'atherome. Les sujets hyperabsorbeurs de phytosterols et de cholesterol seraient particulierement concernes par cet effet deletere. Les phytostanols, en reduisant l'absorption des phytosterols, pourraient avoir un effet different de ce point de vue. Chez l'animal, les donnees sont moins contradictoires avec, dans l'ensemble, un ralentissement de la progression des lesions d'atherosclerose, pouvant etre attribue a un effet anti-inflammatoire exerce par les phytosterols au sein des lesions d'atherosclerose. La place des phytosterols et des phytostanols dans l'arsenal therapeutique de la prevention cardiovasculaire n'est pas encore definie. De nombreuses questions restent posees. Des etudes complementaires pour mieux definir les sujets qui pourraient en beneficier et pour mesurer cliniquement leur interet sont necessaires.
5 citations
TL;DR: Es scheint, dass eine Verwendung von Phytosterolen in der Ernährung eine durchaus positive Rolle in der Dyslipidämieprophylaxe spielen kann.
Abstract: The research focuses on effective supply of phytosterols in human nutrition. Their beneficial influence concerning the lowering effect on the concentration of LDL cholesterol is underlined and the occurring changes in serum concentrations of the fractions related to cholesterol absorption and synthesis are pointed out. It seems that the use of phytosterols in human nutrition may be the factor playing an important role in preventing the development of dyslipidemia.
5 citations
References
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TL;DR: Dairy therapy remains the first line of treatment of high blood cholesterol, and drug therapy is reserved for patients who are considered to be at high risk for CHD, and the fundamental approach to treatment is comparable.
Abstract: THE SECOND report of the Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel II, or ATP II) presents the National Cholesterol Education Program's updated recommendations for cholesterol management. It is similar to the first in general outline, and the fundamental approach to treatment of high blood cholesterol is comparable. This report continues to identify low-density lipoproteins (LDL) as the primary target of cholesterol-lowering therapy. As in the first report, the second report emphasizes the role of the clinical approach in primary prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD). Dietary therapy remains the first line of treatment of high blood cholesterol, and drug therapy is reserved for patients who are considered to be at high risk for CHD. However, the second report contains new features that distinguish it from the first. These include the following: Increased emphasis on See also pp 3002 and 3009.
28,495 citations
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Abstract: SPSS for Windows: base system user's guide release 6.0 , SPSS for Windows: base system user's guide release 6.0 , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors tested the tolerability and cholesterol-lowering effect of margarine containing sitostanol ester in a population with mild hypercholesterolemia.
Abstract: Background Dietary plant sterols, especially sitostanol, reduce serum cholesterol by inhibiting cholesterol absorption. Soluble sitostanol may be more effective than a less soluble preparation. We tested the tolerability and cholesterol-lowering effect of margarine containing sitostanol ester in a population with mild hypercholesterolemia. Methods We conducted a one-year, randomized, double-blind study in 153 randomly selected subjects with mild hypercholesterolemia. Fifty-one consumed margarine without sitostanol ester (the control group), and 102 consumed margarine containing sitostanol ester (1.8 or 2.6 g of sitostanol per day). Results The margarine containing sitostanol ester was well tolerated. The mean one-year reduction in serum cholesterol was 10.2 percent in the sitostanol group, as compared with an increase of 0.1 percent in the control group. The difference in the change in serum cholesterol concentration between the two groups was -24 mg per deciliter (95 percent confidence interval, -17 to -...
752 citations