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Journal ArticleDOI

Effects of Mica and Fly Ash Concentration on the Properties of Polyester Thermoplastic Elastomer Composites

13 Jan 2011-Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials (SAGE Publications)-Vol. 24, Iss: 3, pp 317-331
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of fillers such as mica and fly ash, at varying concentrations, were investigated in particle-filled polymer composites and the results showed that mica fillers are more effective than fly ash fillers.
Abstract: Particle-filled polymer composites are becoming attractive because of their wide applications and low cost. In this study, the effects of fillers such as mica and fly ash, at varying concentrations...
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a review paper is addressed to FA typology, composition, treatment, recycling, functional reuse and metal and organic pollutants abatement, focusing on the chemical or physical potentials of FA constituents.
Abstract: Fly ash (FA) is a by-product of power, and incineration plants operated either on coal and biomass, or on municipal solid waste. FA can be divided into coal fly ash, obtained from power plant burning coal, flue gas desulphurisation FA, that is, the by-product generated by the air pollution control equipment in coal-fired power plants to reduce the release of SO2, biomass FA produced in the plants for thermal conversion of biomass and municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) FA, that is, the finest residue obtained from the scrubber system in a MSWI plant. Because of the large amount produced in the world, fly ash is now considered the world’s fifth largest material resource. The composition of FA is very variable, depending on its origins; then, also pollutants can be very different. In this frame, it is fundamental to exploit the chemical or physical potentials of FA constituents, thus rendering them second-life functionality. This review paper is addressed to FA typology, composition, treatment, recycling, functional reuse and metal and organic pollutants abatement. Because of the general growing of environmental awareness and increasing energy and material demand, it is expected that increasing recycling rates will reduce the pressure on demand for primary raw materials, help to reuse valuable materials which would otherwise be wasted and reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions from extraction and processing.

168 citations


Cites background from "Effects of Mica and Fly Ash Concent..."

  • ...FA-filled polymer composites are becoming attractive, because of their wide applications and low cost (Sreekanth et al. 2011)....

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Journal ArticleDOI
Yaxin Qiu1, Jun Wang, Defeng Wu1, Zhifeng Wang1, Ming Zhang1, Ye Yao1, Nengxin Wei1 
TL;DR: In this article, the presence of GNS improves modulus, yield and tensile strength of thermoplastic polyester elastomer (TPEE) composites by melting mixing.

46 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the results of various modifications onto the HDPE-FA/nano-structured FA (NFA) composites are highlighted. And the results prove that FA is valuable reinforcing filler for HDPE and its size reduction to nano level is a more effective criterion for its future use.
Abstract: Fly ash (FA) based polymer composites are assuming increasing importance because of its potentiality, fine particle size and plenty availability of FA. FA is mainly a mixture of inorganic metal oxides such as SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, CaO, MgO, Na2O, TiO2, and so forth. This article highlights the results of the various modifications onto the HDPE-FA/nano structured FA (NFA) composites. When FA and NFA are melt blended with HDPE it gives rise to improved flexural properties only. Further modifications, that is, Maleic anhydride (MA) grafting of the matrix, electron beam irradiation of the composite and irradiation of the FA/NFA studied separately to find their impact on the detail properties of the composite. Of the three modifications implemented the electron beam irradiation of HDPE-FA/NFA composite yielded excellent physico-mechanical, thermal and dynamic mechanical properties. Fracture surface analysis of the HDPE, unmodified and modified FA/NFA composites studied employing SEM correlated well with the physico-mechanical properties. The results prove that FA is valuable reinforcing filler for HDPE and its size reduction to nano level is a more effective criterion for its future use. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 4558–4567, 2013

34 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the synthesis of Al6061/B4C/Mica hybrid metal matrix composite using stir casting method by mica particles as 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 28, 30, 31, 34, 35, 36
Abstract: Hybrid aluminum metal matrix composites have prominence than conventional metals. Aluminum is used as base metal in many metal matrix composites, as it is widely used in industries and researches. The low density that is obtained after alloying is the major advantages of hybrid composite. The present study involves synthesis of Al6061/B4C/Mica hybrid metal matrix composite using stir casting method by mica particles as 3, 4, 5, 6wt.%, while maintaining 10wt.% of boron carbide. The best mechanical properties are reported by inclusion of 3wt.% of mica, while further addition of mica more than 3wt.% pulls down the mechanical properties and hence not sensible. The early-stage of strain hardening, and high tensile strength-yield strength ratio is observed, which concludes the fabricated hybrid aluminum composite is well suitable for automotive-related sheet forming operations.

33 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, fly ash (FA) is used as a filler in rubber vulcanizates to get rid off their waste, and a polymer composite based on chlorinated styrene butadiene rubber (CSBR) is proposed.
Abstract: Fly ash (FA) can be used as a filler in rubber vulcanizates to get rid off their waste. Polymer composite based on chlorinated styrene butadiene rubber (CSBR)/containing varying amount of FA compos...

28 citations

References
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared the mechanical and thermal properties of hybrid polypropylene composites and single-filler composites with two main types of mineral fillers (calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and talc).
Abstract: The main aim of this work was to study and compare the mechanical and thermal properties of hybrid polypropylene (PP) composites and single-filler PP composites. With two main types of mineral fillers—calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and talc—PP composites of different filler weight ratios (talc/CaCO3) were compounded with a twin-screw extruder and then injection-molded into dumbbell specimens with an injection-molding machine. Tensile, flexural, and impact tests were performed to determine and compare the mechanical properties of the hybrid and single-filler PP composites. A synergistic hybridization effect was successfully achieved; the flexural strength and impact strength were highest among the hybrids when the PP/talc/CaCO3 weight ratio was 70:15:15. The nucleating ability of the fillers and its effects on the mechanical properties were also studied with differential scanning calorimetry. Because of the influence of talc as the main nucleating agent, the hybrid fillers showed significant improvements in terms of the nucleating ability, and this contributed to the increase in or retention of the mechanical properties of the hybrid composites. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 91: 3327–3336, 2004

131 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of chemical modification was assessed by a comparison of the dispersed phase morphology and the mechanical properties of the nanocomposites based on a thermoplastic elastomer copolyetherester (Hytrel, Hy) matrix filled with fumed silica.

122 citations


"Effects of Mica and Fly Ash Concent..." refers background in this paper

  • ...In order to improve the thermal, mechanical, and electrical properties of polyester thermoplastic elastomers [6], particulate fillers such as alumina trihydrate, montmorillonite clays, talc, mica, silica, fly ash, wollastonite, kaolin, etc....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the influence of adding talc and kaolin fillers on the mechanical properties of nylon 6 was investigated, and the results showed that the tensile strength and modulus of elasticity increased with the increase in filler ratio.
Abstract: Particulate reinforced thermoplastic composites are designed to improve the properties and to lower the overall cost of engineering plastics In this study, the influence of adding talc and kaolin fillers on the mechanical properties of nylon 6 was investigated Fillers, either singly or mixed by various weight ratios between 10 and 30 wt %, were added to nylon 6 Test samples of the composite material were prepared by the injection-molding process Uniaxial tensile and Izod impact tests were carried out Tensile strength, elongation at break, modulus of elasticity, and impact energy were obtained The results showed that the tensile strength and modulus of elasticity of nylon 6 composite increased with the increase in filler ratio, whereas the impact strength and maximum elongation decreased with the increase in filler ratio The optimal nylon composite was determined with the addition of a 10 to 15 wt % filler ratio © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc J Appl Polym Sci 88: 1694–1697, 2003

87 citations


"Effects of Mica and Fly Ash Concent..." refers background in this paper

  • ...In general, the mechanical properties [2] of particle-filled polymer composites depend strongly on size, shape, and distribution of filler particles in the polymer matrix and extent of interfacial adhesion between filler and matrix....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of particle size and its concentration on the properties of flyash filled nylon 6 was investigated. But the authors did not consider the effects of the particle size on the performance of fillers.
Abstract: Fillers are used along with various commodities as well as engineering polymers to improve the properties of polymers. The performance of filled polymers is generally determined on the basis of the interface attraction of filler and polymers. Fillers of widely varying particle size and surface characteristics are responsive to the interfacial interactions with polymers. The present study deals with the effect of particle size and its concentration on the properties of flyash filled nylon 6.

78 citations