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Journal ArticleDOI

Effects of toxic concentrations of natrium fluoride on growth and enzyme activities of rice ( Oryza sativa L.) and jute ( Corchorus olitorius L.) seedlings

01 Jan 1982-Biologia Plantarum (Springer Netherlands)-Vol. 24, Iss: 1, pp 34-38
TL;DR: Germination was increasingly inhibited at concentrations above 5 and 20 mM and stopped altogether at 80 and 50 mM NaF in rice and jute respectively, whereas the inhibition of seedling growth began at much lower concentrations.
Abstract: Germination was increasingly inhibited at concentrations above 5 and 20 mM and stopped altogether at 80 and 50 mM NaF in rice and jute respectively, whereas the inhibition of seedling growth began at much lower concentrations. Of the enzymes, RNase activity was increased by fluoride, while α-amylase, protease, phytase and ATPase activities exhibited distinct inhibition from the control.
Citations
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Journal Article
TL;DR: 4.0 mM F concentration was found to be most sensitive for gram seeds and germination occurred but plants were totally dried after completion of treatment period.
Abstract: The influence of 0, 0.1 mM, 0.5 mM, 1.0 mM, 4.0 mM, 8.0 mM fluoride (F) concentration on seed germination, seedling growth of gram seeds (cv. Anuradha) was studied under laboratory condition. At the end of 15 days of treatment, significant reduction in root length, shoot length, dry weight, fresh weight, % of germination, protein content, catalase activity, tolerance index, vigour index, germination rate, germination relative index, mean daily germination were observed at increasing fluoride concentration. Total soluble sugar content, proline content, peroxidase activity, ascorbic acid oxidase activity, % DFC, % phytotoxicity of root and shoot increased along with gradual increment of F concentration. 4.0 mM F concentration was found to be most sensitive for gram seeds. At 8.0 mM F concentration germination occurred but plants were totally dried after completion of treatment period.

24 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Seed priming had positive effects on yield and yield attributing parameters both under non-flooding and early flooding conditions and outperformed Swarna-Sub1 when the plants were cultivated under flooding.

22 citations


Cites methods from "Effects of toxic concentrations of ..."

  • ...Then they were diluted to 25 mL and the optical density of the solution was measured at 560 nm. Amylase activity was expressed in terms of 1 µg of maltose released per min per mg protein (Sarkar et al, 1982)....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The activities of starch hydrolyzing enzymes and phosphatases were studied in seedlings of three Indica rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars, namely Panikekoa & T 1471 that showed good capacity for seedling establishment under submergence (tolerant) and IR 42 which had poor under water seedlingestablishment capacity (susceptible).
Abstract: The activities of starch hydrolyzing enzymes and phosphatases were studied in seedlings of three Indica rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars, namely Panikekoa & T 1471 that showed good capacity for seedling establishment under submergence (tolerant) and IR 42 which had poor under water seedling establishment capacity (susceptible). Under submergence the total amylolytic activities were significantly higher in susceptible cultivars compared to the tolerant cultivars. Likely, the activities of α-amylase, debranching enzymes and α-glucosidase were also higher in susceptible cultivar IR 42. The activities of starch phosphorylase were comparatively higher in tolerant cultivars than susceptible cultivars. Susceptible cultivars maintained higher activities of both acid and alkaline phosphatase as well as phytase activities. Tolerant cultivars with higher seed biomass and low activity of hydrolytic enzymes might sustain the supply of food materials for longer period and hence, survived and established themselves under water.

5 citations


Cites background or methods from "Effects of toxic concentrations of ..."

  • ...Although several papers have been published about the activity of phytase under aerobic conditions (Paul et al. 1970; Sarkar et al. 1982; Loewus et al. 1990), the effects of submergence on phytase is not yet been studied....

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  • ...One gram of de-husked endosperm was extracted in 4 ml 50 mM Tris–HCl buffer (pH 7.0) and the activity was measured following the procedure of Sarkar et al. (1982)....

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  • ...Since a-amylase is stable at 70 C, the crude extract was heated to 70 C for 5 min and then assayed for a–amylase activity following the procedure total amylolytic activities (Sarkar et al. 1982)....

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References
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Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 1972

95 citations


"Effects of toxic concentrations of ..." refers background in this paper

  • ...I t is known tha t subsequent to the imbibition process, several enzymes ~re activated or synthesized de novo which are responsible for the mobilization of reserve materials in endosperm/ /cotyledons preparatory to their transport to embryo during germination (CHING 1972)....

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Journal ArticleDOI
C. Y. Lin1, Joe L. Key1
TL;DR: The results suggest that polyribosome dissociation occurs as a result of completion of read-out and release of polypeptide and monoribosome, coupled with a failure of attachment of ribosomes to messenger RNA and subsequent initiation of new peptide chains.

92 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Respiration and ion retention proved to be impaired by exogenous RNase and EDTA was found to produce similar responses, presumably by removal of divalent ions which normally protect polyribonucleotides from endogenous RNase.
Abstract: Ribonuclease has been reported to impair protein synthesis (1, 2), growth (2), and ion accumulation (15, 24) in plant tissue. Oxidative phosphorylation by plant mitochondria is uncoupled by RNase3 (8); however, this enzyme has not been found to affect root respiration (1, 8). The experiments reported here represent a further study of the effects of RNase on respiration and ion accumulation by root tissue. Respiration and ion retention proved to be impaired by exogenous RNase. In addition, EDTA was found to produce similar responses, presumably by removal of divalent ions which normally protect polyribonucleotides from endogenous RNase.

77 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Information on the phosphorus compoundls ofcottonembryos has been extended to include RNA andDNA and the changes which they and theabovementioned phosphorus fractions undergoduriing germination and early seedling development are compared.
Abstract: The phosphorus compoundsofcottonembryos, particularly ribonucleic (RNA)anddeoxyribonucleic (DNA) acid, andtheir metabolism during germinationhavenotbeenintensively investigated withmodernmethods ofanalysis. Intheperiod 1913to1918 Anderson(1)andRather(9)elucidated thetrue natureofphytic acid, theprincipal formofseed phosphorus. Although Anderson obtained thehexaphosphate ofinositol, Ratherfoundonlythepentaphosphoric acidderivative cluetotheactivity ofthe enzymephytase. In 1946Fontaine andco-workers (5)presented results showing anincrease inthepercentage ofphosphorus intheinorganic formduring germination. Ponsetal(8)developed ananalytical systemforanalysis ofthephosplhorus fractions of plantmaterials andin1953reported dataon the phytin-, inorganic-, lipid-, ester-, anclnucleic acid-P contents ofcotton embryos. Morerecently Ergle and Eaton(3)reported ontheamountsofsimilar fractions, plusprotein-P, invarious cotton tissues including10-clay-old ovules andl matureembryos. Inthepresent paperinformation onthephosphorus compoundls ofcottonembryos hasbeenextended to include RNA andDNA andthechanges whichthey andtheabovementioned phosphorus fractions undergoduriing germination andearly seedling development. Results on Paymaster 54B,Deltapine TPSA,and Mesilla Valley Acala, representative ofearly, intermediate, andlatematuring cottons, respectively, are compared.

56 citations