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Journal ArticleDOI

Effects of yellow mustard amendments on the soil nematode community in a potato field with focus on Globodera rostochiensis

01 Aug 2012-Applied Soil Ecology (Elsevier)-Vol. 59, pp 39-47
TL;DR: The amended plots exhibited an increase of the enrichment index while the channel index decreased significantly, indicating a soil food web with a decomposition pathway dominated by bacterial-feeder nematodes, and a beneficial effect was observed when covering the plots with plastic, as the abundance of plant-parasitic nematode decreased.
About: This article is published in Applied Soil Ecology.The article was published on 2012-08-01. It has received 28 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Potato cyst nematode & Globodera rostochiensis.
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A holistic assessment of the impact of biofumigation technique in managing PPNs in various crops and the employability of this technique in integrated nematode management (INM) practices is explored.

92 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review has compiled literature that documents effects of root metabolites on plant parasitic nematodes, and summarized the few studies that describe how root metabolites regulate the expression of nematode genes.
Abstract: Plant parasitic nematodes cause significant crop damage globally. Currently, many nematicides have been banned or are being phased out in Europe and other parts of the world because of environmental and human health concerns. Therefore, we need to focus on sustainable and alternative methods of nematode control to protect crops. Plant roots contain and release a wide range of bioactive secondary metabolites, many of which are known defense compounds. Hence, profound understanding of the root mediated interactions between plants and plant parasitic nematodes may contribute to efficient control and management of pest nematodes. In this review, we have compiled literature that documents effects of root metabolites on plant parasitic nematodes. These chemical compounds act as either nematode attractants, repellents, hatching stimulants or inhibitors. We have summarized the few studies that describe how root metabolites regulate the expression of nematode genes. As non-herbivorous nematodes contribute to decomposition, nutrient mineralization, microbial community structuring and control of herbivorous insect larvae, we also review the impact of plant metabolites on these non-target organisms.

68 citations


Cites background from "Effects of yellow mustard amendment..."

  • ...Similarly, the biofumigant yellow mustard had none to slightly negative effects on plant parasitic nematodes and none to slightly positive effects on microbial feeding, omnivorous and predatory nematodes (Valdes et al., 2012)....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results demonstrated that B. juncea and R. sativus green manures can play an important role in PCN management, particularly if included in an integrated pest management scheme.
Abstract: The viability of potato cyst nematode (PCN) populations (Globodera pallida) was evaluated in three field experiments using Brassica juncea, Raphanus sativus and Eruca sativa amendments. These species were summer cultivated and autumn incorporated in experiment 1; in experiment 2, overwintered brassicaceous cover crops were spring incorporated. Experiment 3 involved determination of effects of metconazole application on biomass/glucosinolate production by B. juncea and R. sativus and on PCN pre- and post-incorporation. Glucosinolate contents were determined before incorporation. Following cover crop incorporation, field plots were planted with susceptible potatoes to evaluate the biofumigation effects on PCN reproduction. RESULTS: In experiment 1, PCN population post-potato harvest was reduced (P = 0.03) in B. juncea-treated plots, while R. sativus prevented further multiplication, but in experiment 2 there were no significant effects on PCN reproduction. In experiment 3, B. juncea or R. sativus either untreated or treated with metconazole reduced PCN populations. Glucosinolate concentrations varied significantly between different plant regions and cultivation seasons. Metconazole application increased the sinigrin concentration in B. juncea tissues. Glucosinolate concentrations correlated positively with PCN mortality for summer-cultivated brassicaceous plants. CONCLUSION: The results demonstrated that B. juncea and R. sativus green manures can play an important role in PCN management, particularly if included in an integrated pest management scheme.

65 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A comprehensive, practical and critical review of the use and effect(s) of Br Jurassicaceae-based management strategies and the biofumigation and cover-crop/rotation characteristics of Brassicaceae in reducing nematode-pest population levels in global cropping systems is presented.

61 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The nematicidal activity of isothiocyanates as components of botanical matrixes in the frame of a holistic nematode control approach encompassing secondary beneficial effects on soil structure and microbiology, beneficial preservation, enhanced residual life of biological activity and plant growth is reviewed.
Abstract: Natural isothiocyanates (ITCs) are toxic to a range of soil-borne pest and pathogens, including nematodes and fungi, and can thus be used as natural fumigants called biofumigants. Glucosinolates, β-thioglucoside N-hydroxysulfates, are secondary metabolites of Brassicales plants, stored in the S-cells vacuoles. Upon plant tissue damage myrosinase (thioglucoside glycohydrolase, EC 3.2.3.1), stored in contiguous cells, hydrolyses glucosinalates to an unstable aglycone that eventually eliminates sulfate group producing a wide range of different volatile isothiocyanates that are extremely toxic to root-knot nematodes. In fact, among synthetic commercial nematicidal formulates we can find isothiocyanates as active ingredients. Conventional nematode control practices have included soil sterilants of great environmental impact, most of which are now banned making mandatory the development of eco-sustainable alternative tools. We reviewed the nematicidal activity of isothiocyanates as components of botanical matrixes in the frame of a holistic nematode control approach encompassing secondary beneficial effects on soil structure and microbiology, beneficial preservation, enhanced residual life of biological activity and plant growth.

53 citations


Cites background from "Effects of yellow mustard amendment..."

  • ...nematode Globodera rostochiensis, a quarantine species with high economic importance for potato growers worldwide (Valdesa et al. 2012)....

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  • ...Biofumigation with a yellow mustard green manure reduces significantly the potato cyst nematode Globodera rostochiensis, a quarantine species with high economic importance for potato growers worldwide (Valdesa et al. 2012)....

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  • ...…determined changes in the abundance of nematode trophic groups and the amended plots exhibited an increase of the enrichment index while the channel index decreased significantly, indicating a soil food web with a decomposition pathway dominated by bacterial-feeder nematodes (Valdesa et al. 2012)....

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References
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Journal Article
TL;DR: Because research on nematode involvement in trophic interactions, foodweb structure, and biodiversity is constrained by lack of an overview of nematodes feeding habits, this outline presents a consensus of current thought on Nematode feeding habits.
Abstract: Because research on nematode involvement in trophic interactions, foodweb structure, and biodiversity is constrained by lack of an overview of nematode feeding habits, this outline presents a consensus of current thought on nematode feeding habits. The source of food is fundamental to trophic interactions and provides the basis for our definitions of the essential feeding types: 1) plant feeder, 2) hyphal feeder, 3) bacterial feeder, 4) substrate ingester, 5) predator of animals, 6) unicellular eucaryote feeder, 7) dispersal or infective stage of parasites, and 8) omnivore. Lists of families and genera with their presumed feeding types are given. Major gaps in knowledge of feeding in the smaller tylenchids and many dorylaims are noted.

2,094 citations


"Effects of yellow mustard amendment..." refers background in this paper

  • ...They were identified at genus level and classified in one of the five trophic groups based on their feeding type (Yeates et al., 1993)....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The maturity index, based on the nematode fauna, is proposed as a gauge of the condition of the soil ecosystem and the use of nematodes in environmental studies is discussed.
Abstract: Nematode assemblages constitute a potential instrument for assessing the quality of submersed, temporarily submersed, and terrestrial soils and for the development of an ecological typology and biomonitoring system. Interpretation of physical or pollution-induced disturbances has hitherto mainly been based on changes in diversity, dominance patterns or percentage of dorylaimids (Adenophorea). The maturity index, based on the nematode fauna, is proposed as a gauge of the condition of the soil ecosystem. Values on a coloniser/persister scale are given for nematodes that occur in The Netherlands. The possibilities of the use of this index are demonstrated by a retrospective interpretation of some literature data. The use of nematodes in environmental studies is discussed.

1,691 citations


"Effects of yellow mustard amendment..." refers background in this paper

  • ...However, Bongers (1990) demonstrated that in agricultural ecosystems, tillage could decrease the populations of these nematodes....

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  • ...maturity index (MI) (Bongers, 1990), plant-parasite index (PPI), PPI/MI ratio, enrichment index (EI), structure index (SI)...

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  • ...The addition of organic matter into soil is known to activate the multiplication and establishment of bacterial populations, with a consequent increase of the abundance of bacterial-feeders (Bongers and Ferris, 1999). In addition, the incorporation of yellow mustard had a particular stimulating effect on the dauerlarvae. Gruver et al. (2010), while studying the effect of brassicaceous cover crops on the soil nematode community,...

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  • ...Nematodes were also allocated to the functional groups expressed in cp values ranging from 1 to 5 (Bongers, 1990; Bongers and Bongers, 1998)....

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  • ...cp, colonizer-persister rank according to Bongers and Bongers (1998)....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This work enhances the resolution of faunal analyses by providing a weighting system for the indicator importance of the presence and abundance of each functional guild in relation to enrichment and structure of the food web.

1,142 citations


"Effects of yellow mustard amendment..." refers background in this paper

  • ..., maturity index (Bongers, 1990), enrichment index, channel index and structure index (Ferris et al., 2001), which can distinguish disturbed ecosystems and characterize soil quality or health)....

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  • ...These indices specify whether the soil community is considered enriched (indicated by bacterial-feeders cp-1 and fungal-feeders cp-2) or structured and stable (indicated by all feeding habits cp-3 to 5) (Ferris et al., 2001)....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The most recent colonizer–persister allocation and the application of this scaling in the Maturity Index, cp-triangles, MI(2–5) and PPI/MI-ratio is presented and the life strategy approach and trophic group classification are proposed to integrate to obtain a better understanding of nematode biodiversity and soil functioning.

985 citations


"Effects of yellow mustard amendment..." refers background in this paper

  • ...Nematodes were also allocated to the functional groups expressed in cp values ranging from 1 to 5 (Bongers, 1990; Bongers and Bongers, 1998)....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Recent development of indices that integrate the responses of different taxa and trophic groups to perturbation provides a powerful basis for analysis of faunal assemblages in soil as in situ environmental assessment systems.
Abstract: Four of every five multicellular animals on the planet are nematodes. They occupy any niche that provides an available source of organic carbon in marine, freshwater and terrestrial environments. Nematodes vary in sensitivity to pollutants and environmental disturbance. Recent development of indices that integrate the responses of different taxa and trophic groups to perturbation provides a powerful basis for analysis of faunal assemblages in soil as in situ environmental assessment systems.

973 citations


"Effects of yellow mustard amendment..." refers background in this paper

  • ...The addition of organic matter into soil is known to activate the multiplication and establishment of bacterial populations, with a consequent increase of the abundance of bacterial-feeders (Bongers and Ferris, 1999)....

    [...]