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Journal ArticleDOI

Effects of ZnO nanoparticles and its bulk form on growth, antioxidant defense system and expression of oxidative stress related genes in Hordeum vulgare L.

TL;DR: In this paper, a comparative analysis of physio-biochemical indices and transcriptional activity of oxidative stress genes in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) seedlings after 7-days exposure to bulk- and nano-ZnO (300 and 2000 ǫ/L) was carried out.
About: This article is published in Chemosphere.The article was published on 2022-01-01. It has received 20 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Hordeum vulgare & Glutathione reductase.
Citations
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23 Nov 2021
TL;DR: In this paper, a study was carried out to analyze the responses induced by lower, as well as higher, doses of zinc (0-200 mg/L), in the form of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) in wheat and maize, for a period of 21 days.
Abstract: Zinc is an essential element that is also renowned for widespread contamination and toxicity at high concentrations. The present study was carried out to analyze the responses induced by lower, as well as higher, doses of zinc (0–200 mg/L), in the form of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) in wheat and maize, for a period of 21 days. Accumulation of zinc increases with increasing Zn doses in both wheat and maize, with higher doses being in wheat (121 mg/kg in root and 66 mg/kg in shoot) than in maize (95 mg/kg in root and 48 mg/kg in shoot). The activity of alpha-amylase showed increase, while that of dehydrogenase decline, in response to ZnO NPs. The length and biomass of plants and photosynthetic pigments increased slightly upon ZnO NPs supply. Malondialdehyde content showed a progressive increase in root and shoot of both plants. However, in response, antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, guaiacol peroxidase, and catalase) showed increase up to lower concentrations (100 mg/L) of ZnO NPs but decline variably at higher levels (150–200 mg/L) in wheat and maize. The results suggest that lower supply of ZnO NPs (100 mg/L) could be stimulatory to the growth of plants and can be recommended as a Zn fertilizer source for crop production.

22 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
31 Mar 2022-Toxics
TL;DR: In this paper , nano-sized TiO2 (nTiO2) and ZnO (nZnO) are scrutinized, and their potential to ameliorate drought, salinity, and xenobiotics effects in plants are emphasized, in addition to their antimicrobial potential for plant disease management.
Abstract: Abiotic stresses, such as those induced by climatic factors or contaminants, and biotic stresses prompted by phytopathogens and pests inflict tremendous losses in agriculture and are major threats to worldwide food security. In addition, climate changes will exacerbate these factors as well as their negative impact on crops. Drought, salinity, heavy metals, pesticides, and drugs are major environmental problems that need deep attention, and effective and sustainable strategies to mitigate their effects on the environment need to be developed. Besides, sustainable solutions for agrocontrol must be developed as alternatives to conventional agrochemicals. In this sense, nanotechnology offers promising solutions to mitigate environmental stress effects on plants, increasing plant tolerance to the stressor, for the remediation of environmental contaminants, and to protect plants against pathogens. In this review, nano-sized TiO2 (nTiO2) and ZnO (nZnO) are scrutinized, and their potential to ameliorate drought, salinity, and xenobiotics effects in plants are emphasized, in addition to their antimicrobial potential for plant disease management. Understanding the level of stress alleviation in plants by these nanomaterials (NM) and relating them with the application conditions/methods is imperative to define the most sustainable and effective approaches to be adopted. Although broad-spectrum reviews exist, this article provides focused information on nTiO2 and nZnO for improving our understanding of the ameliorative potential that these NM show, addressing the gaps in the literature.

11 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors examined the responses of earthworms to exposure to biodegradable (PLA: polylactic acid) and conventional microplastics (PVC: polyvinylchloride, LDPE: low-density polyethylene) in soil with biogas slurry irrigation.

5 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The present nanomaterial-based techniques provide a strong base for future therapeutic approaches for skin regeneration strategies in the treatment of diabetic wounds and emerging therapeutics such as bioengineered skin substitutes and nanomMaterial-based innovative approaches such as antibacterial hyperthermia therapy and gene therapy for the Treatment of DFUs are highlighted.
Abstract: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a predominant chronic metabolic syndrome, resulting in various complications and high mortality associated with diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). Approximately 15–30% of diabetic patients suffer from DFUs, which is expected to increase annually. The major challenges in treating DFUs are associated with wound infections, alterations to inflammatory responses, angiogenesis and lack of extracellular matrix (ECM) components. Furthermore, the lack of targeted therapy and efficient wound dressings for diabetic wounds often results in extended hospitalization and limb amputations. Hence, it is essential to develop and improve DFU-specific therapies. Nanomaterial-based innovative approaches have tremendous potential for preventing and treating wound infections of bacterial origin. They have greater benefits compared to traditional wound dressing approaches. In this approach, the physiochemical features of nanomaterials allow researchers to employ different methods for diabetic wound healing applications. In this review, the status and prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and amputations due to DFUs in India, the pathophysiology of DFUs and their complications are discussed. Additionally, nanomaterial-based approaches such as the use of nanoemulsions, nanoparticles, nanoliposomes and nanofibers for the treatment of DFUs are studied. Besides, emerging therapeutics such as bioengineered skin substitutes and nanomaterial-based innovative approaches such as antibacterial hyperthermia therapy and gene therapy for the treatment of DFUs are highlighted. The present nanomaterial-based techniques provide a strong base for future therapeutic approaches for skin regeneration strategies in the treatment of diabetic wounds.

5 citations

References
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This assay is very reproducible and rapid with the dye binding process virtually complete in approximately 2 min with good color stability for 1 hr with little or no interference from cations such as sodium or potassium nor from carbohydrates such as sucrose.

225,085 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Dec 2001-Methods
TL;DR: The 2-Delta Delta C(T) method as mentioned in this paper was proposed to analyze the relative changes in gene expression from real-time quantitative PCR experiments, and it has been shown to be useful in the analysis of realtime, quantitative PCR data.

139,407 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A new method of total RNA isolation by a single extraction with an acid guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform mixture is described, providing a pure preparation of undegraded RNA in high yield and can be completed within 4 h.

65,881 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A water-soluble (at pH 8) aromatic disulfide [5,5′-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid] has been synthesized and shown to be useful for determination of sulfhydryl groups.

23,232 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The purification of homogeneous glutathione S-transferases B and C from rat liver is described, and only transferases A and C are immunologically related.

16,953 citations

Trending Questions (3)
What are the effects of ZnO nanoparticles on the reducing power activity of crops?

The study showed that exposure to ZnO nanoparticles led to an increase in the level of reduced glutathione, indicating an activation of the antioxidant defense system in barley seedlings.

What are the effects of ZnO nanoparticles on DPPH radical scavenging activity in various crops?

The effects of ZnO nanoparticles on DPPH radical scavenging activity in various crops are not mentioned in the provided information.

What are the effects of ZnO nanoparticles on enzymatic activity of crops?

The study found that exposure to ZnO nanoparticles led to an increase in the activities of antioxidant enzymes in barley seedlings.