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Journal Article•DOI•

Efficient transport of packets with QoS in an FSAN-aligned GPON

TL;DR: The article presents an Ethernet gigabit PON (GPON) system aligned with the philosophy of the evolving FSAN (full service access network) ITU-T specification, which focuses on the efficient support of any level of quality of service.
Abstract: The standardization of passive optical networks capable of transporting Ethernet frames at gigabit-per-second speeds, currently in progress in both ITU-T and IEEE, constitutes a major milestone toward cost-effective photonization of the last (aka first) mile. The article presents an Ethernet gigabit PON (GPON) system aligned with the philosophy of the evolving FSAN (full service access network) ITU-T specification, which focuses on the efficient support of any level of quality of service. The intelligence of this system, in terms of traffic quality guarantees, lies in the MAC protocol, which controls the distributed multiplexing/concentration function by allocating variable length slots to every user of the shared upstream (toward the network) medium. The way transport of information is organized in an ITU-T GPON system and the operation of a MAC protocol that preserves all QoS guarantees are presented and evaluated.
Citations
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Journal Article•DOI•
05 Jun 2006
TL;DR: Techniques aiming at next-generation optical access are being studied, such as wavelength routing for flexible capacity allocation and easily adaptable hosting of services and service providers, and radio-over-fiber techniques creating a powerful symbiosis of the fiber world and the wireless world by enabling centralized radio signal processing.
Abstract: After conquering the core and metropolitan networks, fiber is now penetrating into the access domain. Its low loss and huge bandwidth enable the delivery of any current and foreseeable set of broadband services, and also make it a nice match to the wireless link to the end user. Cost effectiveness is a key issue, and will be decisive for the network topology choices. Point-to-point may be the most cost-effective for short-reach access, whereas point-to-multipoint may be the most interesting at medium- to long-reach access, or when line terminations in the local exchange become a key issue. A number of optical techniques being deployed for shared-fiber multiple access are discussed, based on time slot multiplexing, frequency slot multiplexing, code division multiplexing, and wavelength multiplexing, including their application in fiber to the home/fiber to the premises (FTTH/FTTP) networks for fast data transfer (asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) or Ethernet based) and for broadband service distribution (such as CATV). In the research laboratories, techniques aiming at next-generation optical access are being studied, such as wavelength routing for flexible capacity allocation and easily adaptable hosting of services and service providers, and radio-over-fiber techniques creating a powerful symbiosis of the fiber world and the wireless world by enabling centralized radio signal processing

348 citations


Cites background from "Efficient transport of packets with..."

  • ...In an interactive all-fiber point-to-multipoint access network, SCMA broadband communication in the upstream direction uses individual separate frequency bands, which puts high requirements on the frequency range and linearity of the user equipment....

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Journal Article•DOI•
TL;DR: WDM-PON variants are proposed to be used for a unified optical access and back-hauling network to accommodate traffic growth and new applications.
Abstract: Passive optical networks are used for fiber-to-the-home/curb/cabinet/building applications. Today, two PON variants with time-domain multiple access, GPON and EPON, are being used for mass roll-outs. WDM-PONs are the next step up from these PONs to accommodate traffic growth and new applications. This article analyzes WDM-PON variants and proposes they be used for a unified optical access and back-hauling network.

232 citations


Cites background from "Efficient transport of packets with..."

  • ...GPON has a number of advantages because of its higher protocol efficiency [4]....

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Journal Article•DOI•
TL;DR: The purpose of this article is to provide a good understanding of the MAC issue, discuss the major problems involved, and present an overview of the state-of-the-art solutions proposed thus far to the problems.
Abstract: Medium access control is one of the crucial issues in the design of Ethernet passive optical networks. To ensure efficient transmission, an EPON system must employ a MAC mechanism to arbitrate access to the shared medium in order to avoid data collisions in the upstream direction and at the same time efficiently share the upstream transmission bandwidth among all ONUs. The purpose of this article is to provide a good understanding of the MAC issue, discuss the major problems involved (e.g., multiple access, bandwidth allocation, transmission scheduling, and quality of service support), and present an overview of the state-of-the-art solutions proposed thus far to the problems. It is also our purpose to motivate further studies on the problems described in this article

122 citations

Book•DOI•
01 Jan 2008
TL;DR: When you read more every page of this next generation ftth passive optical networks, what you will obtain is something great.
Abstract: Read more and get great! That's what the book enPDFd next generation ftth passive optical networks will give for every reader to read this book. This is an on-line book provided in this website. Even this book becomes a choice of someone to read, many in the world also loves it so much. As what we talk, when you read more every page of this next generation ftth passive optical networks, what you will obtain is something great.

99 citations

Journal Article•DOI•
TL;DR: A MAC protocol designed to serve any mix of services according to their quality of service (QoS) needs, employing four priority levels along with a high number of logically separate data queues is presented.
Abstract: SUMMARY The steadily rising demand for multimedia and data services, the falling cost and omnipresence of Ethernet and the maturity of passive optical networks (PON) technology, promise to radically change the landscape in the local loop. The heart of a gigabit PON system (recently standardized by FSAN/ITU) is the medium access controller (MAC), which arbitrates access to the upstream link among users with fluctuating traffic demands and effects the multiplexing and concentration policy. At the same time, it has to safeguard the service quality and enforce the parameters agreed in the service level agreements (SLAs) between the users and the service provider. In this paper, a MAC protocol designed to serve any mix of services according to their quality of service (QoS) needs, employing four priority levels along with a high number of logically separate data queues is presented. The architecture and implementation in hardware of a MAC algorithm capable of allocating bandwidth down to a resolution of a byte with QoS differentiation is the focus of this paper. It employs the bandwidth arbitration tools of the FSAN/ITU G.984.3 standard and maps SLA parameters to GPON service parameters to create an efficient, fair and flexible residential access system. Copyright # 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

78 citations


Cites background or methods from "Efficient transport of packets with..."

  • ...The MAC controller as implemented in hardware for the demonstrator of the IST-GIANT project [7, 11, 12] is described in Section 4 while the performance of the MAC protocol is assessed in Section 5....

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  • ...The algorithm used by the MAC controller presented in this paper has been initially outlined in Reference [10] and is presented in Section 2 in a rigorous manner, probing further on system level design and hardware/software partitioning issues....

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  • ...To this end, the MAC protocol as executor of the TDMA multiplexing in the upstream of the PON is of prime importance for cost effectiveness, fairness, traffic profile control and QoS guarantees [7, 8]....

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  • ...(Further simulation results investigating a large number of operational conditions are presented in Reference [10].)...

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  • ...It adopts fixed periodic framing accommodating TDM and ATM needs, so that services with very strict requirements can be serviced at the right moment, temporarily interrupting data packets, hence the need for fragmentation [7]....

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References
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Journal Article•DOI•
TL;DR: PON integration in the pan-European trial of the ACTS PELICAN project is described and the major results of an economic-feasibility study are presented.
Abstract: An optical broadband access network called APON (ATM-based Passive Optical Network) has been standardized and its commercial deployment started. This article discusses possible evolution scenarios for the APON system with respect to bit rate, range, and splitting factor, leading to the SuperPON concept. Technical challenges encountered during the realization of the SuperPON demonstrator within the European ACTS project PLANET are discussed in detail. In addition, to illustrate when these technologies will become commercially viable, the major results of an economic-feasibility study are presented. Finally, the SuperPON integration in the pan-European trial of the ACTS PELICAN project is described.

125 citations

Journal Article•DOI•
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a MAC protocol for broadband integrated services digital network (B-ISDN) that places emphasis on service transpasency aspects with an aim to incur minimal changes to the Local Exchange for APON connections.
Abstract: The cost of a dedicated fiber access to the broad-band integrated services digital network (B-ISDN) is too high for small business and sesidential customers necessitating some form of sesource sharing. Combining the asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) over a passive optical network (APON) with a suitable medium access control (MAC) protocol can provide significant cost savings and a seasonable bandwidth. In this way the customer line section can support broad-band services at an early stage. The MAC protocol presented in this paper places emphasis on service transpasency aspects with an aim to incur minimal changes to the Local Exchange for APON connections. Sharing is effected through a reservation based time division multiple access method

27 citations

Journal Article•DOI•
TL;DR: An overview of the general conditions under which DT is implementing fiber-in-the-loop (FITL) and the technology used is given and DT's complementary strategy for the use of SDH technology in the access area is presented.
Abstract: The unification of eastern and western Germany confronted Deutsche Telekom (DT) virtually overnight with what is probably the greatest challenge in the history of telecommunications in Germany: to bring the telecommunications networks in eastern Germany out of the technological stone age and up to the standard of a western industrialized country with state-of-the-art technology and services as quickly as possible. DT must optimize the integration of the various generations of technical systems into all areas of the telecommunications network and develop strategies for launching products and services to rapidly achieve advantages in productivity. Because of the interaction of growing process and product innovation and the resulting synergy, this will rapidly improve the performance of the network and lead to reduced costs in years to come. This article gives an overview of the general conditions under which DT is implementing fiber-in-the-loop (FITL) and describes the technology used. It also presents DT's complementary strategy for the use of SDH technology in the access area. >

14 citations

Proceedings Article•
01 Jan 2002
TL;DR: The motivation for the project GIANT (GigaPON Access Network), the targeted innovations and the necessary tasks to reach the final goal: a service demonstrator working at Gbit/s speed are described.
Abstract: It is expected that the requirements for access networks will change in the future due to the increase in bandwidth demand, due to the shift to packet based services and due to the drive to implement a full service network. Optical access networks are a logical implementation of these requirements. Of all the access infrastructure available, optical fiber has the largest bandwidth potential. In order to mitigate the network costs, an infrastructure whereby fiber is shared amongst users is clearly attractive. Many people in the industry believe PON (Passive Optical Network) technology will create practical implementation architectures for future access networks. PON was standardized by the ITU-T in 1998 under recommendation G.983. The bandwidth of the standardized solution is limited to 622 Mbit/s (shared over all users) and it is ATM based, which is excellent to satisfy existing demands (including QoS requirements). To fulfill the future access network demand there is a need for higher bitrate PON systems, probably that are more packet oriented (see Figure 1). This is the subject of the new project GIANT. A novel access network based on a Passive Optical Network architecture at Gbit/s bitrate and packet oriented is being developed in the frame of a European IST Project (Fifth Framework Program for Information Society Technologies). This paper describes the motivation for the project GIANT (GigaPON Access Network), the targeted innovations and the necessary tasks to reach the final goal: a service demonstrator working at Gbit/s speed.

5 citations