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Journal ArticleDOI

Eight theories of societalization: Toward a theoretically sustainable concept of society:

01 Aug 2020-European Journal of Social Theory (SAGE PublicationsSage UK: London, England)-Vol. 23, Iss: 3, pp 411-430
TL;DR: In this paper, a recent essay Jeffrey Alexander has published on'societalization' has been criticised for its conceptualization, whose conceptualization it finds problematic, in contrast to the impression conveying.
Abstract: This article critically engages a recent essay Jeffrey Alexander has published on ‘societalization’, whose conceptualization it finds problematic; first, because in contrast to the impression conve...
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: For instance, half a century of behavioral, practice-oriented research in fields as diverse as politics, economy, law, and science has generated insights that improve our understanding of these fields' workings as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Half a century of behavioral, practice-oriented research in fields as diverse as politics, economy, law, and science has generated insights that improve our understanding of these fields’ workings ...

14 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , the authors introduce a sociological framework for tracing the effects and the sources of stability or instability of societal nature relations to the thoughts, feelings and doings of actually existing people.
Abstract: This primarily conceptual contribution introduces a sociological framework for tracing the effects and the sources of stability or instability of societal nature relations to the thoughts, feelings and doings of actually existing people. Drawing on critical debates on societal nature relations, we argue that modern capitalist societalization is inherently expansionary, that the rapid expansion of human economic activity over the past two centuries was only possible based on fossil resources, and that therefore, moving to a post-fossil world will require reinventing the very essence of what “society” is. To investigate the implications of such a fundamental overhaul at the level of how socialized people relate to socialized nature, we build on the relational sociology of Pierre Bourdieu to suggest the framework of a space of social relationships with nature. We describe the iterative process in which we arrived at this conception, moving back and forth between theoretical considerations and hermeneutic analysis of qualitative material from case studies of bio-based economic activities in four European regions. From the iterative process, we synthesize four elementary forms of social relationship with nature (“natural capital”, “nature as partner”, “natural heritage” and nature as “the environment”) and provide an illustrative corner case for each. From the systematic differences that emerge, we then draw out two principal axes of a spatial representation partly homologous with Bourdieu’s social space: a vertical axis indicating the degree of active involvement in and access to the means of abstract-expansionary societalization, and a horizontal representing the form of that involvement, along a continuum from dualist, instrumental and appropriative to holist, mutual or caring relationships with nature. In conclusion, we propose further research to apply and develop this relational framework across local or national contexts and scales as a means to analyze tensions and conflicts around transformations of the societal nature relations.

6 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
25 Jun 2021
TL;DR: The societalización ocurrió cuando el presidente fue acusado de ser una amenaza la salud pública del país al asegurar que su superioridad moral lo hacía inmune al virus e impedía que fuera fuente de contagio as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Se analiza cómo se societalizó el primer esfuerzo del gobierno de México por controlar el brote de Covid-19. La societalización ocurrió cuando el presidente fue acusado de ser una amenaza la salud pública del país al asegurar que su superioridad moral lo hacía inmune al virus e impedía que fuera fuente de contagio. La polarización política del país evitó, como en otras ocasiones, que la societalización se tradujera en regulaciones o sanciones al presidente. Los argumentos contra el presidente se transformaron en un sedimento simbólico traído a cuenta por la esfera civil en otros esfuerzos por societalizar la pandemia.

1 citations

Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 2019
TL;DR: In this paper, the first part of this chapter, questioning the idea of professional benefit is presented, and the discussion then identifies professogenic impacts of professions, that is, adverse effects from the presence, absence, mistakes, involvement or miss-positioning of professions.
Abstract: Professional public good—the first of the two bundled claims of historic professionalism (goodness and expertise)—is problematised in the first part of this chapter, questioning the idea of professional benefit. This normative claim from early-modernity formed the rationale of government outsourcing certain areas of work and knowledge application. Professional groups promised to only benefit society, avoid profiteering and agreed to self-manage poor conduct by their members. Several strategies strengthened these claims: double-denial of anything but benefit, occupational anti-conquest narratives masking competition, and combining science and goodness narratives even for non-science professions. The discussion then identifies professogenic impacts of professions. That is, adverse effects from the presence, absence, mistakes, involvement or miss-positioning of professions. These changes and events contribute to the discursive unbundling of professional goodness.
Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 2022
References
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Book
01 Jan 1893
TL;DR: In this paper, Durkheim's Life and Work: Timeline 1858-1917- Suggestions for Further Reading- Original Translator's Note- The Division of Labour in Society by Emile Durkhere- Preface to the First Edition (1893) - Preface and introduction to the Second Edition (1902) - Introduction - Part I: The Method of Determining This Function - Part II: THE CAUSES and CONDITIONS- 8 The Progress of the Division of labour and of Happiness- 9 The Causes- 10 Secondary Factors- 11
Abstract: Preface to this edition, by Steven Lukes- Introduction to the 1984 edition, by Lewis Coser- Introduction to this edition, by Steven Lukes- Durkheim's Life and Work: Timeline 1858-1917- Suggestions for Further Reading- Original Translator's Note- The Division of Labour in Society by Emile Durkheim- Preface to the First Edition (1893) - Preface to the Second Edition (1902) - Introduction - PART I: THE FUNCTION OF THE DIVISION OF LABOUR- 1 The Method of Determining This Function - 2 Mechanical Solidarity, or Solidarity by Similarities- 3 Solidarity Arising from the Division of Labour, or Organic Solidarity- 4 Another Proof of the Preceding Theory- 5 The Increasing Preponderance of Organic: Solidarity and its Consequences- 6 The Increasing Preponderance of Organic: Solidarity and its Consequences (cont)- 7 Organic Solidarity and Contractual Solidarity- PART II: THE CAUSES AND CONDITIONS- 8 The Progress of the Division of Labour and of Happiness- 9 The Causes- 10 Secondary Factors- 11 Secondary Factors (cont)- 12 Consequences of the Foregoing- PART III: THE ABNORMAL FORMS- 13 The Anomic Division of Labour- 14 The Forced Division of Labour- 15 Another Abnormal Form- Conclusion- Original Annotated Table of Contents

3,010 citations

Book
01 Jan 2006
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the role of race and gender in the Civil Rights Movement and the conditions for civil repair in the construction of a black civil society in the South.
Abstract: Introduction PART I. CIVIL SOCIETY IN SOCIAL THEORY 1. POSSIBILITES OF JUSTICE 2. REAL CIVIL SOCIETIES: DILEMMAS OF INSTITUTIONALIZATION Civil Society I Civil Society II Return to Civil Society I? Toward Civil Society III 3. BRINGING DEMOCRACY BACK IN: REALISM, MORALITY, SOLIDARITY Utopianism: The Fallacies of Twentieth-Century Evolutionism Realism: The Tradition of Thrasymachus Morality and Solidarity Complexity and Community Cultural Codes and Democratic Communication PART II. STRUCTURES AND DYNAMICS OF THE CIVIL SPHERE 4. DISCOURSES: LIBERTY AND REPRESSION Pure and Impure in Civil Discourse The Binary Structures of Motives The Binary Structures of Relationships The Binary Structures of Institutions Civil Narratives of Good and Evil Everyday Essentialism The Conflict over Representation 5. COMMUNICATIVE INSTITUTIONS: PUBLIC OPINION, MASS MEDIA, POLLS, ASSOCIATIONS The Public and Its Opinion The Mass Media Public Opinion Polls Civil Associations 6. REGULATIVE INSTITUTIONS (1): VOTING, PARTIES, OFFICE Civil Power: A New Approach to Democratic Politics Revisiting Thrasymachus: The Instrumental Science of Politics Constructing and Destructing Civil Power (1): The Right to Vote and Disenfranchisement Constructing and Destructing Civil Power (2): Parties, Partisanship, and Election Campaigns Civil Power in the State: Office as Regulating Institution 7. REGULATIVE INSTITUTIONS (2): THE CIVIL FORCE OF LAW The Democratic Possibilities of Law Bracketing and Rediscovering the Civil Sphere: The Warring Schools of Jurisprudence The Civil Morality of Law Constitutions as Civil Regulation The Civil Life of Ordinary Law Legalizing Social Exclusion: The Antidemocratic Face of Law 8. CONTRADICTIONS: UNCIVILIZING PRESSURES AND CIVIL REPAIR Space: The Geography of Civil Society Time: Civil Society as Historical Sedimentation Function: The Destruction of Boundary Relations and Their Repair Forms of Boundary Relations: Input, Intrusion, and Civil Repair PART III. SOCIAL MOVEMENTS IN THE CIVIL SPHERE 9. SOCIAL MOVEMENTS AS CIVIL TRANSLATIONS The Classical Model The Social Science of Social Movements (1): Secularizing the Classical Model The Social Science of Social Movements (2): Inverting the Classical Model The Social Science of Social Movements (3): Updating the Classical Model Displacing the Classical Model: Rehistoricizing the Cultural and Institutional Context of Social Movements Social Movements as Translations of Civil Societies 10. GENDER AND CIVIL REPAIR: THE LONG AND WINDING ROAD THROUGH M/OTHERHOOD Justifying Gender Domination: Relations between the Intimate and Civil Spheres Women's Difference as Facilitating Input Women's Difference as Destructive Intrusion Gender Universalism and Civil Repair The Compromise Formation of Public M/otherhood Public Stage and Civil Sphere Universalism versus Difference: Feminist Fortunes in the Twentieth Century The Ethical Limits of Care 11. RACE AND CIVIL REPAIR (1): DUALITY AND THE CREATION OF A BLACK CIVIL SOCIETY Racial Domination and Duality in the Construction of American Civil Society Duality and Counterpublics The Conditions for Civil Repair: Duality and the Construction of Black Civil Society Duality and Translation: Toward the Civil Rights Movement 12. RACE AND CIVIL REPAIR (2): THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT AND COMMUNICATIVE SOLIDARITY The Battle over Representation: The Intrusion of Northern Communicative Institutions Translation and Social Drama: Emotional Identification and Symbolic Extension The Montgomery Bus Boycott: Martin Luther King and the Drama of Civil Repair 13. RACE AND CIVIL REPAIR (3): CIVIL TRAUMA AND THE TIGHTENING SPIRAL OF COMMUNICATION AND REGULATION Duality and Legal Repair The Sit-In Movement: Initiating the Drama of Direct Action The New Regulatory Context The Freedom Rides: Communicative Outrage and Regulatory Intervention Failed Performance at Albany: Losing Control over the Symbolic Code Birmingham: Solidarity and the Triumph of Tragedy 14. RACE AND CIVIL REPAIR (4). REGULATORY REFORM AND RITUALIZATION The First Regulatory Repair: From Birmingham to the Civil Rights Act of 1964 The Second Regulatory Repair: Rewinding the Spiral of Communication and Regulation The End of the Civil Rights Movement: Institutionalization and Polarization PART IV. MODES OF INCORPORATION INTO THE CIVIL SPHERE 15. INTEGRATION BETWEEN DIFFERENCE AND SOLIDARITY Convergence between Radicals and Conservatives Recognition without Solidarity? Rethinking the Public Space: Fragmentation and Continuity Implications for Contemporary Debates 16. ENCOUNTERS WITH THE OTHER The Plasticity of Common Identity Exclusionary Solidarity Forms of Out-Group Contact Nondemocratic Incorporation Internal Colonialism and the Civil Sphere Varieties of Incorporation and Resistance in Civil Societies 17. THREE PATHWAYS TO INCORPORATION The Assimilative Mode of Incorporation The Hyphenated Mode of Incorporation The Exception of Race: Assimilation and Hyphenation Delayed The Multicultural Mode of Incorporation 18. THE JEWISH QUESTION: ANTI-SEMITISM AND THE FAILURE OF ASSIMILATION Jews and the Dilemmas of Assimilative Incorporation Anti-Semitic Arguments for Jewish Incorporation: The Assimilative Dilemma from the Perspective of the Core Group Initial Jewish Arguments for Self-Change: The Assimilative Dilemma from the Perspective of the Out-Group The Post-Emancipation Period: Religious and Secular Modes of Jewish Adaptation to the Dilemmas of Assimilation New Forms of Symbolic Reflection and Social Response in the Fin de Siecle: The Dilemmas of Assimilation Intensify The Crisis of Anti-Semitic Assimilation in the Interwar Period: Resolving the Dilemmas of Assimilation by Going Backward 19. ANSWERING THE JEWISH QUESTION IN AMERICA: BEFORE AND AFTER THE HOLOCAUST The Failure of the Project: Jewish Exclusion from American Civil Society Responding to Nazism and Holocaust: America's Decision to be "With the Jews" Beyond the Assimilative Dilemma: The Postwar Project of Jewish Ethnicity Making Jewish Identity Public: The Multicultural Mode of Jewish Incorporation The Dialectic of Differentiation and Identification: A Crisis in American Jewry? 20. CONCLUSION: CIVIL SOCIETY AS A PROJECT NOTES BIBLIOGRAPHY INDEX

1,120 citations

MonographDOI
30 Sep 1971
TL;DR: Giddens's analysis of the writings of Marx, Durkheim and Weber has become the classic text for any student seeking to understand the three thinkers who established the basic framework of contemporary sociology as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Giddens's analysis of the writings of Marx, Durkheim and Weber has become the classic text for any student seeking to understand the three thinkers who established the basic framework of contemporary sociology. The first three sections of the book, based on close textual examination of the original sources, contain separate treatments of each writer. The author demonstrates the internal coherence of their respective contributions to social theory. The concluding section discusses the principal ways in which Marx can be compared with the other two authors, and discusses misconceptions of some conventional views on the subject.

878 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors make a contribution to the revival and extension of evolutionary thinking in sociology by focusing on six cases at the social level: differentiation on the basis of a scale of stratification and the development of cultural legitimation independent of the social structure, both of which are important in the transition from primitive social conditions to those of the "archaic" civilizations.
Abstract: This paper is meant as a contribution to the revival and extension of evolutionary thinking in sociology. It begins with the conception that in the evolution of living systems generally, certain new developments have greatly increased the adaptive capacity of the system, so much that without them further major developmental steps would be blocked, though survival in a "niche" is possible and frequent. For organic evolution the conception is illustrated by the cases of vision and the human hands and brain. The body of the paper is devoted to six cases at the social level. The first two are differentiation on the basis of a scale of stratification and the development of patterns of cultural legitimation independent of the social structure, both of which are important in the transition from primitive social conditions to those of the "archaic" civilizations. The remaining four cases are-in order of treatment-bureaucratic organization, money and markets, a universalistic legal system, and the democratic association in both governmental and private forms. These four, taken together, are fundamental to the structure of the modern type of society, though each is highly complex and subject to a whole series of developmental stages.

576 citations

Book
28 Feb 2009
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a translation of the Problem of Sociology Excursus on the Problem: How is Society Possible? II. The Quantitative Conditioning of the Group III. The Secret and the Secret Society on Adornment and written communication VI. The Intersection of social circles VII.
Abstract: Foreword by Georg Simmel Acknowledgments A Note on the Translation Introduction to the Translation, by Horst J. Helle I. The Problem of Sociology Excursus on the Problem: How is Society Possible? II. The Quantitative Conditioning of the Group III. Superior and Subordinate Excursus on Being Overruled IV. Conflict V. The Secret and the Secret Society Excursus on Adornment Excursus on Written Communication VI. The Intersection of Social Circles VII. The Poor Excursus on the Negativity of Collective Action VIII. The Self-Preservation of the Group Excursus on the Hereditary Office Excursus on Social Psychology Excursus on Loyalty and Gratitude IX. Space and the Spatial Ordering of Society Excursus on Social Boundaries Excursus on the Sociology of the Senses Excursus on the Stranger X. The Expansion of the Group and the Development of Individuality Excursus on the Noble Excursus on the Analogy between Individual Psychological and Sociological Relationships

276 citations