Екологічні аспекти утилізації органічних відходів

TL;DR: The main sources of dioxins emissions in the environment are considered to be as follows: uncontrolled combustion and thermal recycling of waste; production processes; organochlorine compounds; biogenic processes during composting; long-term storage of chemical waste in landfills and storage facilities as discussed by the authors.

Abstract: Thermal waste disposal, as well as their storage in landfills, creates a number of serious environmental problems. Therefore, it is necessary to study possibilities of safe waste recycling, including organic component, and ways of their rational utilization of factors concerning minimization of environmental hazards. In the course of the research the following results are obtained. Firstly, the authors described the environmental problems associated with disposal of organic waste. Then different ways of of emitting these hazardous pollutants in the environment are shown. The main sources of dioxins emissions in the environment are considered to be as follows: uncontrolled combustion and thermal recycling of waste; production processes; organochlorine compounds; biogenic processes during composting; long-term storage of chemical waste in landfills and storage facilities. Research sources formation of dioxins provide specific terms of their formation and opportunities to cause pollution or subjected to its influence largely depends on the method of storage and waste disposal. The attention is focused on methods of reducing pollution and minimizing the impact of toxicants mechanisms (processes control conditions in the workplace; action of microorganisms that are ruining hydrocarbon rings persistent organic pollutants, soil phytoremediation). The positive results of studies of urban compost from organic waste is biostimulant and a source of nitrogen in plant nutrition. However, the authors have selected heavy metal toxicity problem, particularly for compost from animal waste. The model of bio-conditioning of organic waste to produce complex organic fertilizers has been designed.