El café y sus efectos en la salud cardiovascular y en la salud materna
12 Jan 2010-Vol. 37, Iss: 4, pp 514-523
TL;DR: La conclusion general es that el consumo of cafeina, hasta 300 mg/dia, no constituye un mayor riesgo of infarto al miocardio, of hipertension, o of modificacion of los niveles plasmaticos de indicadores of riesgos cardiovascular, como the proteina C reactiva y the homocisteina.
Abstract: La cafeina es el principal componente activo del cafe y los efectos del consumo de cafe se asocian mayoritariamente a la cafeina, una metilxantina que actua como antagonista de los receptores de adenina en el sistema nervioso. Son numerosos los efectos en la salud atribuidos a la cafeina, siendo algunos beneficos y otros deletereos: en la salud cardiovascular, diabetes tipo 2, tolerancia a la glucosa y sensibilidad a la insulina, en la cinosis hepatica y el carcinoma hepatocelular, entre otros efectos. Este articulo realiza una revision de dos aspectos de preocupacion en la salud publica relacionados con el consumo de cafe y la cafeina: su efecto en la salud cardiovascular y en la salud maternal (periodo perinatal). La conclusion general es que el consumo de cafeina, hasta 300 mg/dia, no constituye un mayor riesgo de infarto al miocardio, de hipertension, o de modificacion de los niveles plasmaticos de indicadores de riesgo cardiovascular, como la proteina C reactiva y la homocisteina. En relacion a la salud maternal, las conclusiones son similares, un consumo moderado de cafeina (300 mg/dia o menos) no constituye un riesgo de menor concepcion, de diabetes gestacional, de menor crecimiento fetal, o de defectos congenitos. La ausencia de riesgo, sin embargo, no constituye un estimulo al consumo de cafe durante el embarazo. Si el consumo de cafe por parte de la futura madre es moderado, puede considerarse la continuacion del consumo durante el embarazo bajo supervision medica
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15 Jul 2019
TL;DR: Barrera et al. as discussed by the authors presented a list of the top 10 doctors in El Salvador who achieved the rank of Doctor en Medicina, Master en Salud Publica, Doctor en Docencia Universitaria, and Doctor in Gerontology.
Abstract: 1 Doctor en Medicina, Master en Salud Publica. Docente del Departamento de Salud Publica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud “Dr. Luis Edmundo Vasquez”, Universidad Dr. Jose Matias Delgado. jamaravillaa@ujmd.edu.sv
2 Doctora en Medicina, Master en Gerontologia. Master en Investigacion. Vicedecana de la Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Evangelica de El Salvador. yomara.lucero@uees.edu.sv
3 Doctor en Medicina, Master en Salud Publica, Master en Docencia Universitaria. Hospital Militar. dr.cisneross@gmail.com
4 Doctor en Medicina, Master en Salud Publica. Decano de la Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Evangelica de El Salvador. douglas.barrera@uees.edu.sv
3 citations
01 Jan 2015
TL;DR: Age, gender, marital status, socioeconomic status, monthly family income, and compliance with medical indications were socio demographic determining factors that best explain the behavior of health risks.
Abstract: Objective: To establish the socio-demographic and health determining factors related to health risk and health promotion behaviors of the secondary prevention program users with cardio cerebrovascular diseases in the Municipality of Envigado in 2013. Materials: Cross-sectional, descriptive study of primary source, random sampling of 355 users of the program. Results: The sample was formed by 51% men, 29.9% of whom were between 65 and 74 years old; 56.3% had finished elementary school, 4.8% were illiterate. Monthly income was inferior to the minimum wage for 26.8% participants. Most of them always attend medical checkups, take their prescribed medication and comply with their doctor s instructions. However, 48.5% never or seldom attend educational program activities. Eighty seven per cent (87%) of participants are not aware of their cardio cerebrovascular risk and 55.2% know little or nothing about their illness. Forty-four pint two percent (44.2%) of the participants are heavy coffee drinkers and 20% are smokers. Gender, age, socio economic status and compliance with medical recommendations were the socio demographic determinants that were associated to risk behavior. Gender, attendance to the program educational activities and compliance with the medical recommendations of self-care, were associated with the promoting behaviors. Conclusion: Age, gender, marital status, socioeconomic status, monthly family income, and compliance with medical indications were socio demographic determining factors that best explain the behavior of health risks. Also, age, gender, occupation, marital status, proper use of medication, attendance to educational activities and compliance with medical indications were the determining factors that best explained the health promoting behaviors.
2 citations
25 May 2018
TL;DR: In this paper, factores de riesgo for enfermedades cardiovasculares (ECV) and conocimiento sobre complicaciones of ECV were analyzed in adultos.
Abstract: Objetivo: d eterminar los factores de riesgo de enfermedades cardiovasculares y conocimiento sobre sus complicaciones en adultos jovenes del Centro de Salud Micaela Bastidas de Ate-Lima. Metodologia: estudio cuantitativo, diseno descriptivo, realizado en el Centro de Salud “Micaela Bastidas” de Ate, utilizando un cuestionario con las variables: factores de riesgo de enfermedades cardiovasculares-ECV y conocimiento sobre complicaciones. Participaron 235 adultos de 20-45 anos de edad previo consentimiento informado. Los datos fueron analizados mediante la estadistica descriptiva. Resultados: los factores de riesgo cardiovascular estaban presentes en nivel medio en los adultos jovenes. En el analisis por dimensiones predomino tambien el nivel medio, el 80% tenia el factor habitos nocivos, 71% el factor nutricional, 54% el factor actividad y 45% el factor biologico. Referente al conocimiento, el 60% tenia un nivel medio y 28% nivel alto; por dimensiones, obtuvieron nivel medio de conocimiento en complicaciones cardiologicas y no cardiologicas, aunque en conceptos generales alcanzaron nivel alto. Conclusion: existen factores de riesgo para ECV en la mayoria de los adultos jovenes, predominando un conocimiento medio respecto a las complicaciones de ECV. Es imperativo fortalecer y operativizar eficazmente las estrategias de prevencion en el primer nivel de atencion conforme a las normas de la OMS.
2 citations
Cites background from "El café y sus efectos en la salud c..."
...Respec to al peso, el 44% (104) presentaba peso normal, 44% (104) sobrepeso y 12% (28) obesidad....
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01 Jun 2015
TL;DR: In this article, socio-demographic and health determining factors related to health risk and health promotion behaviors of secondary prevention program users with cardio cerebrovascular diseases in the Municipality of Envigado in 2013 were established.
Abstract: ^les^aObjetivo: Establecer los determinantes sociodemograficos y de salud asociados a las conductas de riesgo y conductas promotoras para la salud, de los usuarios del programa de prevencion secundaria de enfermedades cardiocerebrovasculares del municipio de Envigado en 2013. Materiales: estudio descriptivo, transversal, de fuente primaria, muestreo aleatorio de 355 usuarios del programa. Resultados: 51% eran hombres, el 29,9% tenia entre 65 y 74 anos; 56,3% con basica primaria, analfabetismo del 4,8%. Ingresos mensuales menores a un salario minimo para el 26,8%. La mayoria siempre asiste al control medico, toma correctamente medicamentos y cumple indicaciones medicas; el 48,5% nunca o algunas veces asiste a actividades educativas del programa. El 87% desconoce su riesgo cardiocerebrovascular y un 55,2% conoce poco o nada de su enfermedad. Consumo constante de cafe en el 44,2%y cigarrillo el 20%. El sexo, la edad, el estrato socioeconomico y el cumplimiento de las recomendaciones medicas, fueron los terminantes sociodemograficos que se asociaron a las conductas de riesgo. A las conductas promotoras se asociaron el sexo, la asistencia a actividades educativas del programa y el cumplimiento de las recomendaciones medicas de autocuidado. Conclusion: La edad, sexo, estado civil, estrato socioeconomico, ingresos familiares mensuales, y el cumplimiento de las indicaciones medicas, fueron los determinantes sociodemograficos que mejor explicaron las conductas de riesgo para la salud. Asimismo, la edad, sexo, ocupacion, estado civil, uso correcto de medicamentos, asistencia a actividades educativas y el cumplimiento de indicaciones medicas, fueron los determinantes que mejor explicaron las conductas promotoras de la salud.^len^aObjective: To establish the socio-demographic and health determining factors related to health risk and health promotion behaviors of the secondary prevention program users with cardio cerebrovascular diseases in the Municipality of Envigado in 2013. Materials: Cross-sectional, descriptive study of primary source, random sampling of 355 users of the program. Results: The sample was formed by 51% men, 29.9% of whom were between 65 and 74 years old; 56.3% had finished elementary school, 4.8% were illiterate. Monthly income was inferior to the minimum wage for 26.8% participants. Most of them always attend medical checkups, take their prescribed medication and comply with their doctor's instructions. However, 48.5% never or seldom attend educational program activities. Eighty seven per cent (87%) of participants are not aware of their cardio cerebrovascular risk and 55.2% know little or nothing about their illness. Forty-four pint two percent (44.2%) of the participants are heavy coffee drinkers and 20% are smokers. Gender, age, socio economic status and compliance with medical recommendations were the socio demographic determinants that were associated to risk behavior. Gender, attendance to the program educational activities and compliance with the medical recommendations of self-care, were associated with the promoting behaviors. Conclusion: Age, gender, marital status, socioeconomic status, monthly family income, and compliance with medical indications were socio demographic determining factors that best explain the behavior of health risks. Also, age, gender, occupation, marital status, proper use of medication, attendance to educational activities and compliance with medical indications were the determining factors that best explained the health promoting behaviors.^lpt^aObjetivo: Estabelecer os determinantes socio-demograficos e de saude associados as condutas de risco e condutas promotoras para a saude, dos usuarios do programa de prevencao secundaria de doencas cardio-cerebro-vasculares do municipio de Envigado em 2013. Materiais: estudo descritivo, transversal, de fonte primaria, amostragem aleatoria de 335 usuarios do programa. Resultados: 51% eram homens, o 29,9% tinham entre 65 e 74 anos; 56,3% com ensino basico, analfabetismo do 4,8%. Ingressos mensais menores a um salario minimo para o 26,8%. A maioria sempre vai ao controle medico, toma corretamente medicamentos e cumpre indicacoes medicas; o 48,5% nunca ou algumas vezes vai a atividades educativas do programa. O 87% desconhece seu risco cardio-cerebrovascular e um 55,2% conhece pouco ou nada de sua doenca. Consumo constante de cafe no 44,2% e cigarro o 20%. O sexo, a idade, o estrato socio-economico e o cumprimento das atencoes medicas, foram o terminante sociodemograficos que associam as condutas de risco. As condutas promotoras se associam o sexo, a assistencia a atividades educativas o programa e o cumprimento das atencoes medicas de auto-cuidado. Conclusao: A idade, sexo, estado civil, estrato socioeconomico, ingressos familiares mensais, e o cumprimento das indicacoes medica, foram os determinantes socio-demograficos que melhor explicaram as condutas de risco para a saude. Assim mesmo, a idade, sexo, ocupacao, estado civil, uso correto de medicamentos, assistencia a atividades educativas e o cumprimento de indicacoes medicas, foram os determinantes que melhor explicaram as condutas promotoras da saude.
2 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated the use of sustancias inhibidora de sueno by 463 estudiantes in the II and III semestre de Medicina de universidades de la ciudad de Barranquilla.
2 citations
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TL;DR: The chronic hyperglycemia of diabetes is associated with long-term damage, dys-function, and failure of differentorgans, especially the eyes, kidneys, nerves, heart, and blood vessels.
13,077 citations
TL;DR: Differences in rates of progression between ethnic groups was reduced by adjustment for various lengths of follow-up and testing rates, so that women appeared to progress to type 2 diabetes at similar rates after a diagnosis of GDM.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE —To examine factors associated with variation in the risk for type 2 diabetes in women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS —We conducted a systematic literature review of articles published between January 1965 and August 2001, in which subjects underwent testing for GDM and then testing for type 2 diabetes after delivery. We abstracted diagnostic criteria for GDM and type 2 diabetes, cumulative incidence of type 2 diabetes, and factors that predicted incidence of type 2 diabetes. RESULTS —A total of 28 studies were examined. After the index pregnancy, the cumulative incidence of diabetes ranged from 2.6% to over 70% in studies that examined women 6 weeks postpartum to 28 years postpartum. Differences in rates of progression between ethnic groups was reduced by adjustment for various lengths of follow-up and testing rates, so that women appeared to progress to type 2 diabetes at similar rates after a diagnosis of GDM. Cumulative incidence of type 2 diabetes increased markedly in the first 5 years after delivery and appeared to plateau after 10 years. An elevated fasting glucose level during pregnancy was the risk factor most commonly associated with future risk of type 2 diabetes. CONCLUSIONS —Conversion of GDM to type 2 diabetes varies with the length of follow-up and cohort retention. Adjustment for these differences reveals rapid increases in the cumulative incidence occurring in the first 5 years after delivery for different racial groups. Targeting women with elevated fasting glucose levels during pregnancy may prove to have the greatest effect for the effort required.
2,063 citations
TL;DR: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as glucose intolerance of various degrees that is first detected during pregnancy and provides a unique opportunity to study the early pathogenesis of diabetes and to develop interventions to prevent the disease.
Abstract: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as glucose intolerance of various degrees that is first detected during pregnancy. GDM is detected through the screening of pregnant women for clinical risk factors and, among at-risk women, testing for abnormal glucose tolerance that is usually, but not invariably, mild and asymptomatic. GDM appears to result from the same broad spectrum of physiological and genetic abnormalities that characterize diabetes outside of pregnancy. Indeed, women with GDM are at high risk for having or developing diabetes when they are not pregnant. Thus, GDM provides a unique opportunity to study the early pathogenesis of diabetes and to develop interventions to prevent the disease.
1,960 citations
TL;DR: Hypertension was the most common risk factor for CHF, and it contributed a large proportion of heart failure cases in this population-based sample, and Preventive strategies directed toward earlier and more aggressive blood pressure control are likely to offer the greatest promise for reducing the incidence of CHF and its associated mortality.
Abstract: Objective. —To study the relative and population-attributable risks of hypertension for the development of congestive heart failure (CHF), to assess the time course of progression from hypertension to CHF, and to identify risk factors that contribute to the development of overt heart failure in hypertensive subjects. Design. —Inception cohort study. Setting. —General community. Participants. —Original Framingham Heart Study and Framingham Offspring Study participants aged 40 to 89 years and free of CHF. To reflect more contemporary experience, the starting point of this study was January 1, 1970. Exposure Measures. —Hypertension (blood pressure of at least 140 mm Hg systolic or 90 mm Hg diastolic or current use of medications for treatment of high blood pressure) and other potential CHF risk factors were assessed at periodic clinic examinations. Outcome Measure. —The development of CHF. Results. —A total of 5143 eligible subjects contributed 72422 person-years of observation. During up to 20.1 years of follow-up (mean, 14.1 years), there were 392 new cases of heart failure; in 91% (357/392), hypertension antedated the development of heart failure. Adjusting for age and heart failure risk factors in proportional hazards regression models, the hazard for developing heart failure in hypertensive compared with normotensive subjects was about 2-fold in men and 3-fold in women. Multivariable analyses revealed that hypertension had a high population-attributable risk for CHF, accounting for 39% of cases in men and 59% in women. Among hypertensive subjects, myocardial infarction, diabetes, left ventricular hypertrophy, and valvular heart disease were predictive of increased risk for CHF in both sexes. Survival following the onset of hypertensive CHF was bleak; only 24% of men and 31% of women survived 5 years. Conclusions. —Hypertension was the most common risk factor for CHF, and it contributed a large proportion of heart failure cases in this population-based sample. Preventive strategies directed toward earlier and more aggressive blood pressure control are likely to offer the greatest promise for reducing the incidence of CHF and its associated mortality. (JAMA. 1996;275:1557-1562)
1,843 citations
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