Elastin in large artery stiffness and hypertension
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
This review discusses how alterations in the amount, assembly, organization, or chemical properties of the elastic fibers affect arterial stiffness and blood pressure and Therapies that have a direct effect on arterIAL stiffness through alterations to the elastic fiber in the wall may be an effective treatment for essential hypertension.Abstract:
Large artery stiffness, as measured by pulse wave velocity, is correlated with high blood pressure and may be a causative factor in essential hypertension. The extracellular matrix components, specifically the mix of elastin and collagen in the vessel wall, determine the passive mechanical properties of the large arteries. Elastin is organized into elastic fibers in the wall during arterial development in a complex process that requires spatial and temporal coordination of numerous proteins. The elastic fibers last the lifetime of the organism but are subject to proteolytic degradation and chemical alterations that change their mechanical properties. This review discusses how alterations in the amount, assembly, organization, or chemical properties of the elastic fibers affect arterial stiffness and blood pressure. Strategies for encouraging or reversing alterations to the elastic fibers are addressed. Methods for determining the efficacy of these strategies, by measuring elastin amounts and arterial stiffness, are summarized. Therapies that have a direct effect on arterial stiffness through alterations to the elastic fibers in the wall may be an effective treatment for essential hypertension.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
The stiffness of living tissues and its implications for tissue engineering
TL;DR: The stiffness of tissue components — from extracellular matrix and single cells to bulk tissue — is outlined, and how this understanding facilitates the engineering of materials with lifelike properties is discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Functional and Biomimetic Materials for Engineering of the Three-Dimensional Cell Microenvironment
Guoyou Huang,Fei Li,Xin Zhao,Yufei Ma,Yuhui Li,Min Lin,Guorui Jin,Tian Jian Lu,Guy M. Genin,Feng Xu +9 more
TL;DR: This review encapsulates where recent advances appear to leave the ever-shifting state of the art in the cell microenvironment, and it highlights areas in which substantial potential and uncertainty remain.
Book ChapterDOI
Basic Components of Connective Tissues and Extracellular Matrix: Elastin, Fibrillin, Fibulins, Fibrinogen, Fibronectin, Laminin, Tenascins and Thrombospondins
TL;DR: Tenascins mediate both inflammatory and fibrotic processes to enable effective tissue repair and play roles in pathogenesis of Ehlers-Danlos, heart disease, and regeneration and recovery of musculo-tendinous tissue.
Journal ArticleDOI
Elastic fibres in health and disease.
TL;DR: This review outlines the latest understanding of the composition and assembly of elastic fibres, and describes elastic fibre diseases and current therapeutic approaches.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of empagliflozin on blood pressure and markers of arterial stiffness and vascular resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes
Robert J. Chilton,Ilkka Tikkanen,Christopher P. Cannon,Suzanne M. Crowe,Hans-Juergen Woerle,Uli C. Broedl,Odd Erik Johansen +6 more
TL;DR: To determine the effects of empagliflozin on blood pressure (BP) and markers of arterial stiffness and vascular resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Systematic Review: Process of Forming Academic Service Partnerships to Reform Clinical Education
TL;DR: This study’s findings can provide practical guidelines to steer partnership programs within the academic and clinical bodies, with the aim of providing a collaborative partnership approach to clinical education.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global burden of hypertension: analysis of worldwide data
Patricia M. Kearney,Patricia M. Kearney,Megan Whelton,Kristi Reynolds,Paul Muntner,Paul K. Whelton,Jiang He +6 more
TL;DR: The overall prevalence and absolute burden of hypertension in 2000 and the global burden in 2025 were estimated to be about 1.56 billion (1.54-1.58 billion) and the number of adults with hypertension in 2025 was predicted to increase by about 60% respectively.
Book
Biomechanics: Mechanical Properties of Living Tissues
Yuan-Cheng Fung,Richard Skalak +1 more
TL;DR: This chapter discusses the mechanics of Erythrocytes, Leukocytes, and Other Cells, and their role in Bone and Cartilage, and the properties of Bioviscoelastic Fluids, which are a by-product of these cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biomechanics: Mechanical Properties of Living Tissues
Yuan-Cheng Fung,Richard Skalak +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a sketch of the history and scope of the field of bio-physiology and discuss the meaning of the Constitutive Equation and the flow properties of blood.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biomechanics: Mechanical Properties of Living Tissues, 2nd ed.
Yuan-Cheng Fung,Stephen C. Cowin +1 more
TL;DR: This book is the second edition of the first volume in a series of three volumes by Y. C. Fung on biomechanics that summarizes the application of an enormously wide spectrum of mechanics and thermodynamics to physiology and the engineering of biologically related problems.