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Journal ArticleDOI

Electrical Property of Laser-Sintered Nanopastes with Reduced Metal Nanoparticles Prepared by Laser Ablation in Liquids

Taku Saiki1, Yukio Iida, Kennan Ri, Marina Yoshida, Yuuki Koga 
19 Dec 2014-Applied Medical Informaticvs (Science Publishing Group)-Vol. 3, Iss: 6, pp 75
TL;DR: In this paper, the laser-sintered metal nanopastes were analyzed by SEM and EDX, and their resistivities were evaluated by four-terminal method, and the results showed that they have 2.5-to 11-times higher resistivities than those of common metals fabricated in blast furnaces.
Abstract: Reduced iron, aluminum, copper, and magnesium nanoparticles were produced from iron oxide (Fe3O4), aluminum oxide (Al2O3), copper oxide (CuO), and magnesium oxide (MgO) powders by using laser ablation in liquids, and nanopastes were synthesized with the reduced iron, aluminum, copper, and magnesium nanoparticles. The nanopastes were sintered by using a continuous-wave fiber laser in air atmosphere. The laser-sintered nanopastes consist of polycrystalline metal. The structures of the laser-sintered metal nanopastes were analyzed by SEM and EDX, and their resistivities were evaluated by four-terminal method. The metal nanopastes sintered by hot plate have 2.5- to 11-times-higher resistivities than those of common metals fabricated in blast furnaces. Moreover, the laser-sintered metal nanopastes have 9.5- to 45-times-higher resistivities than those of common metals fabricated in blast furnaces.

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5 citations


Cites methods from "Electrical Property of Laser-Sinter..."

  • ...We also investigated application of these inexpensive metal nanoparticles in printed electronics, and so on [12]....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the possibility of reducing metal oxide in a metal by using high-voltage pulses in order to save electrical consumption power compared with conventional methods that use high-temperature and high-pressure plasma such as arc discharge.
Abstract: Metal nanoparticles have become attractive as original materials for nano-inks and nano-pastes, which are used in printed electronics. Synthesizing various metal nanoparticles has been researched. We investigated the possibility of reducing metal oxide in a metal by using high-voltage pulses in this paper. This method should save electrical consumption power compared with conventional methods that use high-temperature and high-pressure plasma such as arc discharge. Reduced Al nanoparticles were obtained by applying high-voltage pulses to solutions. By analyzing elements and the composition of reduced Al nanoparticles by STEM and EDX, a large amount of reduced Al nanoparticles with diameters of a few 100 nm and thin oxide film of around 1 nm on metal surfaces were produced in experiments for reducing Al oxide. It was found from hydrogen generation using reduced Al nanoparticles by applying high-voltage pulses to solutions to evaluate reduction rate that a high reduction efficiency of 97% was obtained at maximum. We concluded that using high-voltage pulses for reduction can be suitably applied to printed electronics because the oxide film on reduced Al nanoparticles is thin. Also, because this method is similar to laser ablation in liquids using pulse lasers, the similarities were discussed in this paper.

2 citations

Posted Content
TL;DR: In this article, the reduction in the skin effect for the sintered Si nanopolycrystalline body as an electricity conductor at a high frequency due to its nano-structure was studied.
Abstract: Reduction in the skin effect for the sintered Si nanopolycrystalline body as an electricity conductor at a high frequency due to its nano-structure was studied. Singular vanishing of electrical resistances near a local high magnetic harmonic frequency of a few MHz was observed. This phenomenon has not been observed for conventional ferromagnetic metals. The measured electrical resistances changed to almost 0 m{\Omega} at room temperature. At the same time, negative resistance of the sintered Si nano-polycrystalline body was observed. It will be applicable to electronic transmittance lines or semiconductors. Numerical calculation was also performed on the electrical resistance with frequency dependency while considering the electric field and magnetic field in the sintered Si nanopolycrystalline body. The calculation could explain the variation of the relative permittivity of the Si nanopolycrystalline and the phenomenon for vanishing the resistivity at frequency of MHz theoretically. Reduced Si nanoparticles from SiO2 powder were synthesized by laser ablation in liquid. A Si nano-polycrystalline body made of the reduced Si nanoparticles was fabricated. It was found by measuring the magnetization property of the body that the sintered Si nano-polycrystalline body has ferromagnetism. High-density dangling bonds cause the sintered Si nanopolycrystalline to have ferromagnetism. In this study, the density of the unpaired electrons in the sintered Si nanopolycrystalline was observed using ESR. It has been clarified that the Si nanopowder and the sintered Si nanopolycrystalline have numerous dangling bonds. Both densities of the dangling bonds were evaluated.

1 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the reduction in the skin effect for the sintered Si nanopolycrystalline body as an electricity conductor at a high frequency due to its nanostructure was studied.
Abstract: Reduction in the skin effect for the sintered Si nanopolycrystalline body as an electricity conductor at a high frequency due to its nanostructure was studied. Singular disappearance of electrical resistances near a local high magnetic harmonic frequency of a few MHz was observed. This phenomenon has not been observed for conventional ferromagnetic metals. The measured electrical resistances changed to almost 0 mΩ at room temperature. At the same time, negative resistance of the sintered Si nanopolycrystalline body was observed. It will be applicable to electronic transmittance lines or semiconductors. Numerical calculation was also performed on the electrical resistance with frequency dependency while considering the electric field and magnetic field in the sintered Si nanopolycrystalline body. The experimental and calculated results are compared. The calculation could explain the variation of the relative permittivity of the Si nanopolycrystalline body and the phenomenon for the theoretical disappearance of the resistivity at the MHz frequency. Reduced Si nanoparticles from SiO2 powder were synthesized by laser ablation in liquid. A Si nanopolycrystalline body made of the reduced Si nanoparticles was fabricated. It was found by measuring the magnetization property of the body of the sintered Si nanopolycrystalline body which is ferromagnetic. Dangling bonds (unpaired electrons) have long been known to occur due to defects in Si crystals. Perfect Si without defective crystals has no dangling bonds. However, Si nanoparticles have many dangling bonds. High-density dangling bonds cause the sintered Si nanopolycrystalline body to have ferromagnetism. In this study, the density of the unpaired electrons in the sintered Si nanopolycrystalline body was observed using ESR. It has been clarified that the Si nanopowder and the sintered Si nanopolycrystalline body have numerous dangling bonds. Both densities of the dangling bonds were evaluated.

1 citations

References
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TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of surface modification on colloidal metal particles in aqueous solution were investigated. And the resulting changes in the chemical, photochemical, and optical properties were discussed.
Abstract: The study of nanometer and subnanometer colloidal metal particles in aqueous solution complements the investigation of small particles in molecular beams, frozen solutions, and inorganic clusters. The electronic properties of the metal particles are changed by surface modification, for example by chemisorption of a nucleophilic molecule or by deposition of a second metal. The resulting changes in the chemical, photochemical, and optical properties are discussed. Methods are described which enable one to store excess electrons or positive holes on the particles in a controlled manner and to investigate the accompanying changes in the optical properties. Metal particles carrying excess electrons initiate electrochemical reactions such as the reduction of water or the deposition of metals

1,633 citations

Patent
14 Oct 1987
TL;DR: In this article, the aim of the laser beam is scanned over a layer of powder and the beam is switched on to sinter only the powder within the boundaries of the cross-section.
Abstract: A method and apparatus (10) for selectively sintering a layer of powder to produce a part comprising a plurality of sintered layers. The apparatus includes a computer (40) controlling a laser (12) to direct the laser energy onto the powder to produce a sintered mass. The computer either determines or is programmed with the boundaries of the desired cross-sectional regions of the part. For each cross-section, the aim of the laser beam is scanned over a layer of powder and the beam is switched on to sinter only the powder within the boundaries of the cross-section. Powder is applied and successive layers sintered until a completed part is formed. The powder may consist of a plastic, metal, ceramic, or polymer substance. In the preferred embodiment, the aim of the laser is directed in a continuous raster scan and the laser turned on when the beam is aimed within the boundaries of the particular cross-section being formed. Preferably, the powder dispensing mechanism includes a drum which is moved horizontally across the target area and counter-rotated to smooth and distribute the powder in an even layer across the target area. A downdraft system provides controlled temperature air flow through the target area to moderate powder temperature during sintering.

884 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the grain boundaries in nanocrystalline Pd have been found to be more disordered than those in conventional polycrystals, and it has been suggested that a substantial fraction of the atoms (20 50%) lying in intercrystalline regions have unusual properties.
Abstract: Nanocrystalline materials, having a crystal size less than ~10 rim, have been shown to possess unusual properties [1-3]. These properties are primarily the result of a substantial fraction of the atoms (20 50%) lying in intercrystalline regions [3]. On the basis of x-ray scattering [4], EXAFS [5], hydrogen solubility [6], small angle neutron scattering [7], and self diffusivity measurements [8] conducted on bulk nanocrystalline materials, it has been suggested [3] that the grain boundaries in these materials are more disordered than those in conventional polycrystals. Recent studies[9,10] involving direct observation of nanocrystalline interfaces by HREM, provide contradictory results. Wunderlich and co-workers[9] have shown that interfaces in nanocrystalline Pd show an 'extended' structure not typically observed in conventional systems. However, Thomas et al [10] observed that the interfacial structure of nanocrystalline Pd is consistent with that typically observed in coarse-grained materials.

385 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a drop-on-demand ink-jet printer was used to print a silver-organic solution onto glass substrates and conductive silver tracks were obtained by heat treatment of the inkjet printed deposits at temperatures ranging from 125°C to 200°C in air.
Abstract: Summary: A drop-on-demand ink-jet printer has been used to print a silver-organic solution onto glass substrates. Conductive silver tracks were obtained by heat treatment of the ink-jet printed deposits at temperatures ranging from 125 °C–200 °C in air. Resistivity values were found to have dropped to two to three times the theoretical resisitivity of bulk silver after temperatures of 150 °C and above were used. Resistivity values of a silver-based ink.

317 citations


"Electrical Property of Laser-Sinter..." refers background in this paper

  • ...While, a technology for producing small electrical circuit s at low cost, called “printed electronics,” by using “metal-nanoparticle ink” or “nanopastes” has been d veloped [2,3]....

    [...]

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the laser-based curing of printed nanoparticle ink to create microlines (resistors) of electrical resistivity approaching that of bulk gold was investigated, and a process that circumvents a serious drawback on the functionality of cured gold microlines is produced.
Abstract: The laser-based curing of printed nanoparticle ink to create microlines (resistors) of electrical resistivity approaching that of bulk gold was investigated. The present work relies on laser absorption in both the nanoparticle ink and the sintered gold layer, as well as the transport of thermal energy in the substrate and the resulting solvent vaporization and nanoparticle deposition and sintering. The morphology and electrical properties of the gold line can be controlled by modulating the spatial distribution of the laser beam intensity. Based on the understanding of the underlying physics, a process that circumvents a serious drawback on the functionality of cured gold microlines is produced. Microconductors with resistivity approaching that of bulk gold are produced, while loss of gold nanoparticles and cross sectional nonuniformities are avoided.

248 citations