Electrolytic ZrO2 Coatings II. Microstructural Aspects
01 Jul 1991-Journal of The Electrochemical Society (The Electrochemical Society)-Vol. 138, Iss: 7, pp 1942-1946
About: This article is published in Journal of The Electrochemical Society.The article was published on 1991-07-01. It has received 68 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Titanio & Electroplating.
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TL;DR: In this paper, illustrative examples to highlight the potential application of electrogeneration of base, anodic oxidation, and ac (alternating current) synthesis provide simple and inexpensive alternative routes to the synthesis of ceramic thin films and coatings.
Abstract: Emerging electrosynthetic techniques such as electrogeneration of base, anodic oxidation, and ac (alternating current) synthesis provide simple and inexpensive alternative routes to the synthesis of ceramic thin films and coatings, nanoparticulate materials, and metastable phases. In this review, we survey illustrative examples to highlight the potential application of these techniques in meeting the goals of inorganic solid-state synthesis.
561 citations
TL;DR: The implications of organically modified silica-based materials in electrochemical science is reviewed along with some selected recent trends in the field of functionalized and sol-gel silica electrochemistry as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The implications of organically-modified silica-based materials in electrochemical science is reviewed along with some selected recent trends in the field of functionalized and sol–gel silica electrochemistry. These recent trends include the electro-assisted generation of organosilica films on solid electrode surfaces, the preparation and applications of sol–gel derived composite (carbon, gold, nanotubes) electrodes, the electrochemical characterisation of mass transfer reactions in porous functionalized silicas, solid-state electrochemistry and gas sensors involving sol–gel materials, imprinted functionalized silica, and the electrochemical characterisation and applications of ordered mesoporous organosilicas.
274 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a coagulation model involving homogeneous nucleation, particle adhesion, and aggregation onto the substrate was proposed to explain the growth kinetics of undoped or Y2O3-doped ZrO2 thin films.
Abstract: Undoped or Y2O3-doped ZrO2 thin films were deposited on self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) with either sulfonate or methyl terminal functionalities on single-crystal silicon substrates. The undoped films were formed by enhanced hydrolysis of zirconium sulfate (Zr(SO4)·4H4O) solutions in the presence of HCl at 70°C. Typically, these films were a mixture of two phases: nanocrystalline tetragonal- (t-) ZrO2 and an amorphous basic zirconium sulfate. However, films with little or no amorphous material could be produced. The mechanism of film formation and the growth kinetics have been explained through a coagulation model involving homogeneous nucleation, particle adhesion, and aggregation onto the substrate. Annealing of these films at 500°C led to complete crystallization to t-ZrO2. Amorphous Y2O3-containing ZrO2 films were prepared from a precursor solution containing zirconium sulfate, yttrium sulfate (Y2(SO4)38·H2O), and urea (NH2CONH2) at pH 2.2–3.0 at 80°C. These films also were fully crystalline after annealing at 500°C.
111 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a deposition method for room-temperature preparation of ZrO2 thin film using an aqueous solution was reported, which showed good adhesion to the substrate as peeloff was not found after either sonication or a Scotch-tape peel-off test.
Abstract: We report a deposition method for room-temperature preparation of ZrO2 thin film using an aqueous solution. ZrO(NO3)2·2H2O was dissolved in a solvent mixture composed of H2O2 and ammonia. The dissolving reaction produced a colorless, transparent peroxozirconium-complex solution which was unstable; decomposition occurred even at room temperature. Amorphous, transparent, dense ZrO2 precursor thin films of up to 500 nm thick were prepared on a cleaned P-type Si substrate. The film showed good adhesion to the substrate as peel-off was not found after either sonication or a Scotch-tape peel-off test. The as-deposited thin film was of high purity with a composition of ZrO1.4(OH)1.2. No peroxo groups were present in the as-deposited film. Annealing caused crystallization of the amorphous film into tetragonal ZrO2 at 500 °C and phase transformation from tetragonal to monoclinic ZrO2 at higher temperatures. Both films showed very flat surfaces consisting of nanoparticles with homogeneous size of tens of nanometers...
103 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a new method of cathodic electrodeposition of ceramic films via peroxoprecursors has been proposed and demonstrated on the deposition of TiO2, ZrO2 and PbZrO3.
Abstract: The preparation of films of TiO2, ZrO2 and PbZrO3 by electrodeposition from N,N-dimethylformamide solution, has been performed. A new method of cathodic electrodeposition of ceramic films via peroxoprecursors has been proposed and demonstrated on the deposition of TiO2. The effect of thermal treatment on the phase content of the obtained films and the influence of the solvent used on the deposition process and film morphology were studied.
95 citations