Electrospinning of food proteins and polysaccharides
TL;DR: In this paper, a review on the processing, properties, functionalization, and potential applications of electrospun biopolymers is presented, including proteins, polysaccharides, and cellulose derivatives, pullulan, dextran, cyclodextrins.
About: This article is published in Food Hydrocolloids.The article was published on 2017-07-01. It has received 222 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Gelatin & Pullulan.
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TL;DR: In this paper, a brief summary of electrospinning and its application in encapsulation different types of bioactive compounds by biopolymer matrixes is presented, and the existing limitations and scope for future research are discussed.
Abstract: Background Bioactive compounds have gained increasing attention for their health benefits. However, the instability of bioactive compounds during food processing and storage, and low bioavailability or chemical instability when exposed to upper gastrointestinal tract conditions significantly compromised the envisioned benefits, thus limiting their applications. Electrospinning has been recognized as a promising method to encapsulate bioactive compounds since it does not involve any severe conditions of temperature, pressure, or harsh chemicals. Therefore, the nanofibers produced by electrospinning have attracted particular attention in food industry due to the potential as vehicle for the encapsulation and controlled delivery or release of bioactive compounds. Scope and approach Electrospinning is a novel delivery approach for bioactive compounds, it opens a new horizon in food technology with the possibility of commercialization in the near future. This paper presents a brief summary of electrospinning, and its application in encapsulation different types of bioactive compounds by biopolymer matrixes are also highlighted. Further, the existing limitations and scope for future research are discussed. Key findings Recently, considerable studies have been carried out in encapsulation of bioactive compounds using electrospinning. The obtained nanofilm could enhance stability, encapsulation efficiency and oral bioavailability of bioactive compounds, as well as achieve targeted delivery and controlled release, thus facilitating the development of functional foods.
248 citations
Cites background from "Electrospinning of food proteins an..."
...…(e.g., the type of polymer, solvent, additives, and concentration etc), the electrospinning process parameters (e.g., applied voltage, spinning distance, feed rate, and needle diameter) and ambient parameters (e.g., temperature, humidity and air flow) (Ghorani & Tucker, 2015; Mendes et al., 2017)....
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31 Jan 2019
TL;DR: This Review focuses on the latest advances made in the application of electrospun scaffolds for bioactive wound healing, and places an emphasis on how flexibility of the electrospinning process enables production of advanced scaffolds such as core-shell fibrous scaffolds, multilayer scaffolding, and surface modified scaffolds.
Abstract: Electrospinning is a versatile technique used to create native tissue-like fibrous scaffolds. Recently, it has gained a large amount of attention for generation of bioactive dressing materials suitable for treatment of both chronic and acute wounds. In this Review, we focus on the latest advances made in the application of electrospun scaffolds for bioactive wound healing. We first provide a brief overview of the wound healing process and electrospinning approaches. We then discuss fabrication of scaffolds made from natural and synthetic polymers via electrospinning for effective wound treatment and management. Natural polymers used for wound healing included in our Review cover protein based polymers such as collagen, gelatin, and silk and polysaccharide based polymers such as chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and alginate. In addition, we discuss aliphatic polyesters, super hydrophilic polymers, and polyurethanes as some of the most commonly used synthetic polymers for wound healing and wound dressing applicat...
208 citations
TL;DR: The use of electrospun/electrospray bio-based and natural polymers in the last ten years in food technology and smart packaging, food additives, antimicrobial packaging, enzyme immobilization, tissue engineering, drug delivery, wound dressing, anti-allergy fibers from milk, and faux meat is reviewed.
165 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors introduce the fundamentals and advantages of emulsion electrospinning as well as its food applications and highlight the effects of different types of emulsifiers on the formation of the emulsion system and emulsion-based electrospun fibers.
Abstract: Background In the past decades, many natural bioactive compounds with antioxidant, immunoregulatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities have been successfully identified in plant and animal materials. However, due to their poor solubility, unfavorable flavor, low bioavailability and instability during food processing and storage, the development of bioactive compounds used in the food industry presents many technological challenges. Scope and approach Emulsion electrospinning is a novel and simple technique to fabricate core-shell nanofibers, and either water-in-oil (W/O) or oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions can be electrospun to directly encapsulate hydrophilic or hydrophobic compounds into core-shell fibers, respectively. This review introduces fundamentals and advantages of emulsion electrospinning as well as its food applications. The effects of different types of emulsifiers on the formation of emulsion systems and emulsion-based electrospun fibers are highlighted. Further, the existing limitations and scope for future research are discussed. Key findings and conclusions Recent studies have found that the emulsion-based electrospun nanofibers can enhance the encapsulation efficiency, stability, and bioavailability of bioactive compounds, as well as achieve targeted delivery and controlled release, thus providing new strategies to improve their barrier performance compared to conventional electrospinning and therefore facilitating the development of emulsion-based electrospun mats in the food industry.
158 citations
TL;DR: The challenges and strategies for the fabrication and application of starch fibers in pharmaceutical applications are presented and recent developments in the synthesis of electrospun starch fibers from common starch, modified starch, and hybrids with other polymers are reviewed.
149 citations
Cites background from "Electrospinning of food proteins an..."
...Early studies on starch nanofibers attempted to fabricate amylose fibers by using the linearity of amylose, and its ability to align and aggregate [52,54,55]....
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TL;DR: An overview of electrospinning can be found in this article, where the authors focus on progress achieved in the last three years and highlight some potential applications associated with the remarkable features of electro-spun nanofibers.
Abstract: Electrospinning provides a simple and versatile method for generating ultrathin fibers from a rich variety of materials that include polymers, composites, and ceramics. This article presents an overview of this technique, with focus on progress achieved in the last three years. After a brief description of the setups for electrospinning, we choose to concentrate on the mechanisms and theoretical models that have been developed for electrospinning, as well as the ability to control the diameter, morphology, composition, secondary structure, and spatial alignment of electrospun nanofibers. In addition, we highlight some potential applications associated with the remarkable features of electrospun nanofibers. Our discussion is concluded with some personal perspectives on the future directions in which this wonderful technique could be pursued.
5,117 citations
TL;DR: More than 20 polymers, including polyethylene oxide, nylon, polyimide, DNA, polyaramid, and polyaniline, have been electrospun in this paper.
Abstract: Electrospinning uses electrical forces to produce polymer fibres with nanometre-scale diameters. Electrospinning occurs when the electrical forces at the surface of a polymer solution or melt overcome the surface tension and cause an electrically charged jet to be ejected. When the jet dries or solidifies, an electrically charged fibre remains. This charged fibre can be directed or accelerated by electrical forces and then collected in sheets or other useful geometrical forms. More than 20 polymers, including polyethylene oxide, nylon, polyimide, DNA, polyaramid, and polyaniline, have been electrospun in our laboratory. Most were spun from solution, although spinning from the melt in vacuum and air was also demonstrated. Electrospinning from polymer melts in a vacuum is advantageous because higher fields and higher temperatures can be used than in air.
3,431 citations
TL;DR: The experiments demonstrate that it is possible to tailor subtle mechanical properties into a matrix by controlling fiber orientation, and suggest that electrospun collagen may represent a nearly ideal tissue engineering scaffold.
2,164 citations
TL;DR: More studies are required to understand and precisely control the actual mechanics in the formation of various electrospun fibrous assemblies, which will enhance the performance of products made from nanofibres and allow application specific modifications.
Abstract: Although there are many methods of fabricating nanofibres, electrospinning is perhaps the most versatile process. Materials such as polymer, composites, ceramic and metal nanofibres have been fabricated using electrospinning directly or through post-spinning processes. However, what makes electrospinning different from other nanofibre fabrication processes is its ability to form various fibre assemblies. This will certainly enhance the performance of products made from nanofibres and allow application specific modifications. It is therefore vital for us to understand the various parameters and processes that allow us to fabricate the desired fibre assemblies. Fibre assemblies that can be fabricated include nonwoven fibre mesh, aligned fibre mesh, patterned fibre mesh, random three-dimensional structures and sub-micron spring and convoluted fibres. Nevertheless, more studies are required to understand and precisely control the actual mechanics in the formation of various electrospun fibrous assemblies.
1,808 citations
TL;DR: Electrospinning is a process by which polymer nanofibers (with diameter lower than 100 nm and lengths up to kilometres) can be produced using an electrostatically driven jet of polymer solution (or polymer melt) as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Electrospinning is a process by which polymer nanofibers (with diameter lower than 100 nm and lengths up to kilometres) can be produced using an electrostatically driven jet of polymer solution (or polymer melt). Simple alignment of electrospun nanofibers constructs unique functional nanostructures such as nanotubes and nanowires. Significant progress has been made in this area throughout the past few years and this technology has been exploited to a wide range of applications. Most of the recent work on electrospinning has focused either on trying to understand deeper the fundamental aspects of the process in order to gain control of nanofiber morphology, structure, surface functionality, and strategies for assembling them or on determining appropriate conditions for electrospinning of various polymers and biopolymers.
1,250 citations