Ellagic acid prolongs the lifespan of Drosophila melanogaster
01 Feb 2020-Vol. 42, Iss: 1, pp 271-285
TL;DR: Results from these studies show the pro-longevity effect of ellagic acid on Drosophila melanogaster.
Abstract: Wild-type Canton-S flies of Drosophila melanogaster were treated with ellagic acid at 100 μM and 200 μM concentrations. Longevity assay showed male flies fed with 200 μM ellagic acid displayed longer mean lifespan and maximum lifespan than control flies. Female flies fed with 200 μM ellagic acid laid less number of eggs than control. The eclosion time was less in female flies fed with 200 μM ellagic acid. Ellagic acid fed female flies performed better than male flies and control flies for heat shock tolerance and starvation stress. Male flies treated with 100 μM ellagic acid recovered faster from cold shock compared with control flies. Male and female flies treated with ellagic acid displayed increased survival following exposure to 5% hydrogen peroxide. Gene expression studies displayed upregulated expressions of CAT, dFOXO, ATG1, and SOD2 in ellagic acid–treated male flies, and upregulated expressions of dFOXO, CAT, and SOD2 in ellagic acid–treated female flies. Results from these studies show the pro-longevity effect of ellagic acid on Drosophila melanogaster.
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TL;DR: In the field of (food) toxicology, there is a strong trend of replacing animal trials with alternative methods for the assessment of adverse health effects in humans as discussed by the authors, and the replacement of animal tria...
Abstract: In the field of (food) toxicology, there is a strong trend of replacing animal trials with alternative methods for the assessment of adverse health effects in humans. The replacement of animal tria...
9 citations
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9 citations
TL;DR: Data from this study collectively showed that rutin at 400 µM and to an extent 200 µM positively impacted lifespan and modulated other physiological parameters in males and females fed with HFD.
Abstract: Composition of diet significantly impacts lifespan in Drosophila melanogaster. Diet-composition becomes even more crucial while assessing a phytocompound for probable pro-longevity effects in flies. Rutin is a flavonol glycoside present in apple, buckwheat, black tea and green tea. Our previous study had reported hormetic efficacy of rutin to improve longevity and other physiological parameters in Drosophila melanogaster fed with standard diet. This study aimed to understand whether rutin could exhibit similar longevity promoting effects in flies fed with a high fat diet (HFD). In this study, wild type Canton-S males and females were reared on high fat diet (HFD) treated with or without rutin at different doses (100-800 µM) and assessed for survival, food intake, fecundity, locomotion, development, resistance to various forms of stresses and relative mRNA expression of specific genes associated with ageing, namely dFoxO, MnSod, Cat, dTsc1, dTsc2, Thor, dAtg1, dAtg5, dAtg7 and dTor. Rutin at only 400 µM significantly improved survival in males fed with HFD; while at 200 µM and 400 µM it significantly improved survival in females. Doses beyond 400 µM proved detrimental for both sexes. Rutin at 200 µM and 400 µM significantly reduced average food intake in both males and females fed with HFD. A significant reduction in number of eggs laid per female per day was observed in females treated with rutin at 400 µM. Rutin at 200 µM and 400 µM significantly improved climbing efficiency in males and females. A significant reduction in eclosion time was observed in larvae fed with HFD and treated with rutin at 400 µM. Rutin at 400 µM significantly improved resistance of males and females to different stresses namely heat shock, cold shock and starvation stresses. Interestingly, rutin at 400 µM significantly reduced survival of males and females exposed to oxidative stress. In males fed with HFD, rutin at 200 µM showed significantly increased relative expression of dFoxo, MnSod, Cat, dAtg1, dAtg5 and dAtg7; at 400 µM it significantly increased the relative expression of dFoxO, MnSod, Cat, dTsc1, dTsc2, Thor, dAtg1, dAtg5, dAtg7 while decreasing relative expression of dTor. Thus, data from this study collectively showed that rutin at 400 µM and to an extent 200 µM positively impacted lifespan and modulated other physiological parameters in males and females fed with HFD.
8 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of Xanthohumol (XN) supplementation on the lifespan extension was investigated in Drosophila melanogaster, and the effects of XN on the improvement of the recovery from cold and heat shock, the resistance to starvation stress, and free radical-induced oxidative stress in XN-treated flies were also evaluated.
Abstract: Aging is a significant risk factor that links to the genesis of human diseases The capacity to scavenge free radicals and adapt to various stresses is essential for expanding living organisms' lifespan The evidences on the promotion of longevity by dietary supplementation are growing Drosophila or fruit fly is one of the most effective models for the evaluation of anti-aging compounds Xanthohumol (XN) is a potential bioactive substance for the prevention and treatment of many diseases The previous studies have reported its potent activities as antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antibacterial antiplasmodial, and antiobesity In this study, the effect of XN supplementation on the lifespan extension was investigated in Drosophila melanogaster The effects of XN on the improvement of the recovery from cold and heat shock, the resistance to starvation stress, and free radical-induced oxidative stress in XN-treated flies were also evaluated Results showed that supplementation with XN at 05 mg/mL diet extended the mean lifespan by 1489% This was consistent with a significant improvement of locomotor activity of the Drosophila fed with an XN-mixed diet compared with those fed with a control diet XN supplementation significantly increased the antioxidant enzyme activities at both 25 and 40 days Drosophila treated with XN exhibited increased survival after exposure to hydrogen peroxide and paraquat Finally, XN supplementation improved the recovery from cold and heat shock, the resistance to starvation stress, and acetic acid-induced stress The present study shows that dietary supplementation with XN revealed the longevity effect and ameliorated stress-induced mortality in Drosophila
4 citations
TL;DR: In this article, two antioxidants, ellagic acid (EA, 100 µM) and curcumin (Cur, 40 µM), were used to protect zebrafish blood cells from the genotoxic action of benzene (10 µL/mL).
Abstract: Genotoxicity is the ability of specific substances to cause DNA damage, affecting development, physiology, and reproduction. This is often mediated by induction of oxidative stress. This in vitro study aims to test the ability of two antioxidants, ellagic acid (EA, 100 µM) and curcumin (Cur, 40 µM) to protect zebrafish blood cells from the genotoxic action of benzene (10 µL/mL). Cells were treated for 30, 60, and 90 min with EA or Cur alone and in combination with benzene. The antigenotoxic role of antioxidants was evaluated in terms of cytotoxicity by trypan blue dye, genome stability by RAPD-PCR technique, DNA fragmentation and percentage of apoptotic cells using Comet and Diffusion assay, respectively. The results did not show statistical differences in terms of cell viability, genome stability, DNA damage and apoptosis between cells treated with antioxidants. When zebrafish blood cells were co-incubated with individual antioxidants and benzene, a significant improvement of these parameters was observed in comparison with cells incubated in benzene. Our results suggested that EA and Cur are able to protect zebrafish blood cells against DNA damage and apoptosis caused by mutagenic substance, and laid the foundation for future studies investigating their antigenotoxic potential in DNA oxidative damage therapy.
3 citations
References
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TL;DR: It is shown that inhibition of TOR signaling pathway by alteration of the expression of genes in this nutrient-sensing pathway, which is conserved from yeast to human, extends lifespan in a manner that may overlap with known effects of dietary restriction on longevity.
1,205 citations
"Ellagic acid prolongs the lifespan ..." refers background or methods in this paper
...TSC1 and TOR that regulate growth and size in Drosophila (Kapahi et al. 2004)....
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...TSC1 and TSC2 physically associate with dTOR to inhibit its activity, and upregulation of TSC promotes longevity in drosophila (Kapahi et al. 2004)....
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...2014) Reduced activity of TOR pathway through modulation of genes dTSC1, 2, dTOR, and dS6K extends lifespan (Kapahi et al. 2004)....
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...…mg/ml for 30 days, starved for 3 h, and then treated with 9% H2O2 showed an increase in the mean lifespan of 18.54 h compared with control flies (15.83 h) (Zhang et al. 2014) Reduced activity of TOR pathway through modulation of genes dTSC1, 2, dTOR, and dS6K extends lifespan (Kapahi et al. 2004)....
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...The total number of flies used was 1200 TSC1 and TOR that regulate growth and size in Drosophila (Kapahi et al. 2004)....
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TL;DR: Mechanisms of in vivo ROS generation are described, the potential impact of ROS and oxidative damage on cellular function is examined, and how these responses change with aging in physiologically relevant situations are evaluated.
Abstract: Aging is an inherently complex process that is manifested within an organism at genetic, molecular, cellular, organ, and system levels. Although the fundamental mechanisms are still poorly understo...
829 citations
"Ellagic acid prolongs the lifespan ..." refers background in this paper
...Aging is a complex process determined by free radical species (ROS) that cause irreparable oxidative damage at cellular and molecular levels (Kregel and Zhang 2007)....
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TL;DR: The role of FOXO transcription factors and the adipose tissue are evolutionarily conserved in the regulation of aging, and reduction of IIS in the adult is sufficient to mediate its effects on life-span and fecundity.
Abstract: Reduced activity of the insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling (IIS) pathway increases life-span in diverse organisms. We investigated the timing of the effect of reduced IIS on life-span and the role of a potential target tissue, the fat body. We overexpressed dFOXO, a downstream effector of IIS, in the adult Drosophila fat body, which increased life-span and reduced fecundity of females but had no effect on male life-span. The role of FOXO transcription factors and the adipose tissue are therefore evolutionarily conserved in the regulation of aging, and reduction of IIS in the adult is sufficient to mediate its effects on life-span and fecundity.
537 citations
"Ellagic acid prolongs the lifespan ..." refers background in this paper
...This may be due to following reasons: unmated females live longer than their counterparts, loss of gut integrity leading to fly mortality, reduced insulin signaling promoting female longevity (Giannakou et al. 2004)....
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...Overexpressed dFOXO in Drosophila fat body increased the lifespan of female flies by 20% and reduced fecundity by 50%, and there is no effect onmale lifespan (Giannakou et al. 2004)....
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...This may be due to following reasons: unmated females live longer than their counterparts, loss of gut integrity leading to fly mortality, reduced insulin signaling promoting female longevity (Giannakou et al. 2004)....
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...Overexpression of forkhead transcription factor dFOXO temporally and spatially extends lifespan (Giannakou et al. 2004)....
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TL;DR: The effect of resveratrol upon lifespan in C. elegans could reflect induction of phase 2 drug detoxification or activation of AMP kinase, an intervention that extends lifespan in diverse organisms from yeast to mammals.
434 citations
"Ellagic acid prolongs the lifespan ..." refers background in this paper
...This suggests the energy conserved in reproductive endeavor may be channeled to prolong the lifespan (Bass et al. 2007b)....
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...Fly lifespan reduces when flies are reared on yeast extract instead of lyophilized whole brewer’s yeast (Bass et al. 2007a)....
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TL;DR: Hormesis in aging is represented by mild stress-induced stimulation of protective mechanisms in cells and organisms resulting in biologically beneficial effects that counter-balances the progressive shrinkage of the homeodynamic space, which is the ultimate cause of aging, diseases and death.
430 citations