Enantioselective Toxicity and Carcinogenesis
TL;DR: In a non-chiral environment, the enantiomers of a racemate possess the same physico-chemical properties but in the biological systems they possess different activities, so the knowledge of the stereoselective metabolisms of the chiral pollutants may be useful for the treatment of cancer and other diseases.
Abstract: In a non-chiral environment, the enantiomers of a racemate possess the same physico-chemical properties but in the biological systems they possess different activities. One of the enantiomers may be more toxic or carcinogenic, and, therefore, the present data available on the toxicity and carcinogenesis of the racemic mixtures of these chiral pollutants are not reliable and need modification in terms of the enantioselective toxicity and carcinogenesis. It is essential to explore the enantioselective toxicity and carcinogenesis due to the different enantiomers of the chiral pollutants. The knowledge of the stereoselective metabolisms of the chiral pollutants may be useful for the treatment of cancer and other diseases. The enantioselective toxicity and carcinogenesis due to the chiral pesticides, pollutants and some drugs have been discussed in this review article.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the recent studies on the health and environmental problems due to pollution of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and future prospectives, convention and regulation, control and removal measures of POPs have also been discussed.
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TL;DR: The environmental stereoselective uptake and degradation of (±)-o,p-DDD pesticide stereomers in water-sediment system are described and are very useful to control the environmental contamination due to the chiral o, p- DDD pesticide as its two enantiomers have different ecological toxicities.
159 citations
TL;DR: It was concluded that the enantioselective degradation and toxicity of chiral herbicides may result in their ecotoxicological effects being difficult to predict and that specific attention should thus be paid to currently used racemic pesticides as less active or inactive enantiomers may pose higher ecological risks.
Abstract: Aryloxyphenoxypropanoates are a class of chiral herbicides. They have a pair of enantiomers, only the R(+) form of which is herbicidally active. Diclofop, the model compound of these herbicides, is commercialized as the racemate of the ester form, diclofop-methyl, consisting of a 1:1 mixture of the enantiomers. This study evaluated the enantioselectivity in aquatic toxicity and biodegradation of diclofop and diclofop-methyl. The herbicidally inactive S(−) enantiomers of both diclofop-methyl and diclofop were similar to or higher than the corresponding R(+) forms in toxicity to algae, depending on specific species. Although no enantiomeric conversion occurred for diclofop-methyl and diclofop, the difference in the enantioselective degradation of these herbicides observed in algae cultures suggested that their application forms were an important factor determining their enantioselective environmental behavior. The cell permeability and heat treatment of algae revealed that the enantioselective degradation o...
111 citations