Energy efficiency and consumption — the rebound effect — a survey
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of some of the relevant literature from the US offers definitions and identifies sources including direct, secondary, and economy-wide sources and concludes that the range of estimates for the size of the rebound effect is very low to moderate.
About: This article is published in Energy Policy.The article was published on 2000-06-01. It has received 1867 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Rebound effect (conservation) & Energy consumption.
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Dissertation•
01 Jan 2019
TL;DR: This thesis is for research or private study purposes only, and the author's right to be identified as the author of this thesis is recognized.
Abstract: • Any use you make of these documents or images must be for research or private study purposes only, and you may not make them available to any other person. • Authors control the copyright of their thesis. You will recognize the author's right to be identified as the author of this thesis, and due acknowledgement will be made to the author where appropriate. • You will obtain the author's permission before publishing any material from their thesis.
5 citations
28 Dec 2015
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors interroge the dynamique des professionnels francais du bâtiment devant les enjeux energetiques et environnementaux portes par ce secteur.
Abstract: Cet article interroge la dynamique des professionnels francais du bâtiment devant les enjeux energetiques et environnementaux portes par ce secteur. Sur la base d’une etude menee en 2012 sur un territoire d’etude specifique (le departement de la Loire), ce travail tente d’evaluer l’etat du secteur du bâtiment ainsi que les limites ou freins rencontres par ses acteurs « humains » et « techniques ». Par l’analyse distanciee des resultats qualitatifs et quantitatifs issus d’enquetes, la recherche revele une pluralite de situations et d’entraves (pour certaines connues mais rarement quantifiees) dont les dispositifs palliatifs semblent encore insuffisants. Le secteur du bâtiment se revele alors incapable de s’orienter vers de nouvelles perspectives energetiques sans une rupture totale de ses modes de penser et d’agir. Cette rupture necessitant alors de parfaire la rationalite des acteurs et notamment celle de la « puissance publique ».
5 citations
Dissertation•
09 Dec 2016
TL;DR: In this article, the transition of the energy renouvelable from fossil fuels to renewable energies has been studied in the context of a transition-optimality optimale optimale framework.
Abstract: La transition vers les energies renouvelables implique deux types de preoccupations environnementales. Les combustibles fossiles sont epuisables et leur utilisation genere des externalites negatives a travers des dommages environnementaux irreversibles. En outre, il existe des possibilites de synergies entre les mesures d'efficacite energetique et l’adoption de l'energie renouvelable dans la mesure ou les premieres reduisent la demande d'energie de sorte que la derniere puisse commencer a reduire les emissions futures de gaz a effet de serre. L'objectif principal de cette these est d'analyser la transition energetique optimale dans un contexte de survenance certaine et incertaine d'une catastrophe environnementale et de determiner les instruments incitatifs au niveau des menages en vue de stimuler la transition energetique.La these est composee de quatre chapitres qui traitent independamment des differentes questions de la transition energetique. Le premier chapitre met l'accent sur la transition energetique optimale impliquant des decisions a la fois sur l'adoption de l'energie renouvelable et de l'investissement dans les technologies d'economie d'energie, quand il y a un seuil de pollution certain qui declenche une catastrophe environnementale. Le deuxieme chapitre etudie la transition optimale vers les energies renouvelables quand la survenance de la catastrophe environnementale est incertaine. Le troisieme chapitre cherche a comprendre le comportement des menages par rapport a leurs decisions d'adopter simultanement les energies renouvelables et a investir dans l'efficacite energetique. Finalement, le quatrieme chapitre examine le role des reseaux intelligents dans l'integration de l'energie renouvelable intermittente afin de faciliter la transition energetique.
5 citations
Cites background from "Energy efficiency and consumption —..."
...Reducing energy use can also lead to reverse effects such as the rebound effect or the take-back effect (Greening et al., 2000; and Urban and Ščasnỳ, 2012)....
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Posted Content•
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors consider four disciplines: ecology, engineering, (neoclassical) economics and sociology of practices and identify different kinds of rebound effects, and conclude that the combination of energy and time efficiency probably leads to backfire.
Abstract: Energy efficiency improvements are generally seen as the most cost-efficient and effective strategies to achieve a rapid transi-tion to a more sustainable society. However, so-called rebound effects arise when energy users or producers change their be-haviour after an efficiency improvement has taken place so that they actually consume more energy related to services or commodities than expected. This may significantly reduce the expected benefits of efficiency improvements. The magnitude of rebound effects, particularly at the whole economy level, is however controversial. I suggest that controversies about rebound effects come from the fact that they can arise at different scales of time and space, and that each discipline captures some rebound mechanisms as they frame differently their objects of inquiry. In order to ana-lyse the different rebound mechanisms, I consider four discipli -nary framings: ecology, engineering, (neoclassical) economics and sociology (of practices). In each discipline I identify differ -ent kinds of rebounds. I show that in general they combine the improvement of energy and time efficiencies. Energy efficiency is linked to the minimisation of energy consumption (or en-tropy) and time efficiency amounts to mechanisms of maxi-misation (of power or profit) or multiplication (of machines or practices). I conclude that the combination of energy and time efficiency probably leads to backfire at long-term. The ex-ploration through disciplines displays also the importance of infrastructure and system evolution in the shaping of rebound effects. I suggest that besides energy, power is an issue in itself that must be addressed if energy reduction is thought to be a premier objective.
5 citations
Cites background from "Energy efficiency and consumption —..."
...Jevons’ paradox is today classified among ‘transformational effects’, whose “changes in technology have the potential to change consumers’ preferences, alter social institutions, and rearrange the organization of production” (Greening et al. 2000)....
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TL;DR: In this paper, the French White Certificates (FWC) scheme is one of the important measures for France to fulfill its ESD target, however, the accountings of energy savings in the FWC scheme and in the ESD are different.
Abstract: According to the directive on energy end-use efficiency and energy services (ESD), the European Member States shall adopt a national indicative energy savings target of 9% (or beyond) in 2016. The issue of the energy savings evaluation is crucial for its implementation. The French White Certificates (FWC) scheme is one of the important measures for France to fulfill its ESD target. However, the accountings of energy savings in the FWC scheme and in the ESD are different. Therefore, an analysis of the consistency of the two systems is needed. A concrete example of actions on residential buildings is used to illustrate the challenges for policy marker and stakeholders to set harmonized evaluation rules. The FWC and ESD calculations appear to be consistent from a physics point of view, as long as calculations are well-documented. But due to differences in the policy objectives, calculation routines may be necessary to convert national energy savings unit (e.g., kWh cumac) into supranational energy savings unit (e.g., ESD kWh). Finally, the work done to establish a transparent evaluation system brings additional benefits (e.g., increased visibility and quality of the actions), which will improve the results of the energy efficiency policies on long term.
5 citations
Cites background from "Energy efficiency and consumption —..."
...An overview of rebound effects could be found in (Greening et al. 2000)....
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...At a national level, Hull et al. (2009) presented a bottom–up modeling developed to assess the energy savings for the case of Ireland....
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References
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Book•
01 Jan 1980
TL;DR: Deaton and Muellbauer as mentioned in this paper introduced generations of students to the economic theory of consumer behaviour and used it in applied econometrics, including consumer index numbers, household characteristics, demand, and household welfare comparisons.
Abstract: This classic text has introduced generations of students to the economic theory of consumer behaviour. Written by 2015 Nobel Laureate Angus Deaton and John Muellbauer, the book begins with a self-contained presentation of the basic theory and its use in applied econometrics. These early chapters also include elementary extensions of the theory to labour supply, durable goods, the consumption function, and rationing. The rest of the book is divided into three parts. In the first of these the authors discuss restrictions on choice and aggregation problems. The next part consists of chapters on consumer index numbers; household characteristics, demand, and household welfare comparisons; and social welfare and inequality. The last part extends the coverage of consumer behaviour to include the quality of goods and household production theory, labour supply and human capital theory, the consumption function and intertemporal choice, the demand for durable goods, and choice under uncertainty.
3,952 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an industrial demand for energy is essentially a derived demand: the firm's demand for the energy is an input, derived from demand for a firm's output, which is an output.
Abstract: Industrial demand for energy is essentially a derived demand: the firm's demand for energy is an input is derived from demand for the firm's output. Inputs other than energy typically also enter the firm's production process. Since firms tend to choose that bundle of inputs which minimized the total cost of producing a giving level of output, the derived demand for inputs, including energy, depends on the level of output, the submitions possibilies among inputs allow by production technology, and the relative prices of all inputs.
1,422 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a model of individual behavior in the purchase and utilization of energy-using durables is presented, where the tradeoff between capital costs for more energy efficient appliances and operating costs for the appliances is emphasized.
Abstract: This article presents a model of individual behavior in the purchase and utilization of energy-using durables. The tradeoff between capital costs for more energy efficient appliances and operating costs for the appliances is emphasized. Using data on both the purchase and utilization of room air conditioners, the model is applied to a sample of households. The utilization equation indicates a relatively low price elasticity. The purchase equation, based on a discrete choice model, demonstrates that individuals do trade off capital costs and expected operating costs. The results also show that individuals use a discount rate of about 20 percent in making the tradeoff decision and that the discount rate varies inversely with income.
1,361 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that the indiscriminate use of mandated standards will backfire, but a mix of selective standards and reliance on prices as a restraint can be effective.
Abstract: Regulations which mandate appliance efficiency standards may be based on calculations which exaggerate the potential energy savings. Improved efficiency can, in fact, increase demand enough to be counterproductive unless the standards are applied selectively. As appliances improve, they are used more, new stock is demanded, and the demand for and use of related equipment increases. The policy implications of these empirical studies are that the indiscriminate use of mandated standards will backfire, but a mix of selective standards and reliance on prices as a restraint can be effective. 11 references, 5 figures, 2 tables. (DCK)
802 citations
Posted Content•
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a detailed study of automobile demand and use, presenting forecasts based on the powerful new techniques of qualitative choice analysis and standard regression techniques, which are combined to analyze situations that neither alone can accurately forecast.
Abstract: This book addresses two significant research areas in an interdependent fashion. It is first of all a comprehensive but concise text that covers the recently developed and widely applicable methods of qualitative choice analysis, illustrating the general theory through simulation models of automobile demand and use. It is also a detailed study of automobile demand and use, presenting forecasts based on these powerful new techniques. The book develops the general principles that underlie qualitative choice models that are now being applied in numerous fields in addition to transportation, such as housing, labor, energy, communications, and criminology. The general form, derivation, and estimation of qualitative choice models are explained, and the major models - logit, probit, and GEV - are discussed in detail. And continuous/discrete models are introduced. In these, qualitative choice methods and standard regression techniques are combined to analyze situations that neither alone can accurately forecast. Summarizing previous research on auto demand, the book shows how qualitative choice methods can be used by applying them to specific auto-related decisions as the aggregate of individuals' choices. The simulation model that is constructed is a significant improvement over older models, and should prove more useful to agencies and organizations requiring accurate forecasting of auto demand and use for planning and policy development. The book concludes with an actual case study based on a model designed for the investigations of the California Energy Commission.
726 citations