Energy efficiency and consumption — the rebound effect — a survey
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of some of the relevant literature from the US offers definitions and identifies sources including direct, secondary, and economy-wide sources and concludes that the range of estimates for the size of the rebound effect is very low to moderate.
About: This article is published in Energy Policy.The article was published on 2000-06-01. It has received 1867 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Rebound effect (conservation) & Energy consumption.
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01 Jan 2017
3 citations
Cites background from "Energy efficiency and consumption —..."
...Electrification may also increase total vehicle travel, as the marginal cost of travel drops with price, though researchers disagree about this effect’s magnitude and significance (Gillingham et al. 2016; Greene 1992; Greening et al. 2000; Small and Dender 2007; West et al. 2017)....
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01 Jan 2016
TL;DR: In this paper, a master thesis was written in a time when major changes in global sustainability and climate architecture were happening and the aim of this thesis is to look into how a single manufacturer can, through enhanced energy efficiency, contribute to global sustainability in multiple ways.
Abstract: This master thesis was written in a time when major changes in global sustainability and
climate architecture were happening. Aim of this thesis is to look into how a single
manufacturing company can, through enhanced energy efficiency, contribute to global
sustainability in multiple ways. This study contributes to the existing body of literature in three
ways. Firstly, it gives structure literature review of current research on industrial energy
efficiency. Secondly, it seeks to understand in which ways can single manufacturing company
asses its actions against global sustainability criteria. Finally, this thesis focuses on energy
efficiency enhacement practices in a rubber compounding factory. Crucial part of the research
for this thesis was conducted in a polymer compounding factory. Methodology utilized in this
thesis is rather transdisciplinary and it was chosen based on appropriability to the research
question.
3 citations
Posted Content•
01 Jan 2020
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that framing property energy efficiency according to cost implications rather than kilowatt-hours increases the demand for energy efficiency, and that more energy efficient properties sell faster and, for the first time, further shorten this time-to-sell.
Abstract: With buildings accounting for roughly 40% of energy consumption in the US and Europe, energy efficiency upgrades will be central in meeting climate targets. Based on the hypothesis that there is imperfect information regarding the cost-saving implications of efficiency improvements, we add property-specific energy cost labels to sales advertisements in a randomized controlled trial covering the entire Irish housing market. This is the first energy framing field trial for property, the household’s largest energy consuming investment and the household technology which likely has the highest variation in energy consumption due to heterogeneity in efficiency and size. Our analysis of over 31,000 transacted properties finds strong evidence that energy cost forecasts change homebuyer behaviour, with the energy efficiency premium increasing by 0.7 percentage points in treatment counties. We also find that more energy efficient properties sell faster and, for the first time, show that treatment further shortened this time-to-sell. While a major departure from existing property labelling policy, these results suggest that framing property energy efficiency according to cost implications rather than kilowatt-hours increases the demand for energy efficiency.
3 citations
01 Jan 2009
TL;DR: The improvement of energy efficiency is often asserted to be one of the most promising options to reduce both the usage of energy and associated negative externalities, such as carbon dioxide emissions as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The improvement of energy efficiency is often asserted to be one of the most promising options to reduce both the usage of energy and associated negative externalities, such as carbon dioxide emissions (CO2). Ever since the creation of the Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards in 1975, this assertion has been a mainstay of energy policy in the United States. In recent years, it has also found increasing currency in Europe, as attested to by the voluntary agreement negotiated in 1999 between the European Commission (EC) and the European Automobile Manufacturers Association, stipulating the reduction of average emissions to a target level of 140 g CO2/km by 2008. The EC is additionally considering legislation that would set a target of 120 g CO2/km by 2012.
3 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an activity-based model framework is proposed to model and quantify the effects of household practices on energy demand in the domestic sector, and a detailed case study of 200 social sector households in Newcastle upon Tyne are proposed to bring together both the theory and practice.
Abstract: This paper proposes the initial formulation of an activity-based model framework to model and quantify the effects of household practices on energy demand in the domestic sector. Indeed, this socio-technical research is seeking to understand the effects of two salient aspects of the interaction between energy consumption and household practices in a scenario of imposed retrofitted: 1) take back effect; and 2) demand-side management. A conceptual framework and a detailed case study of 200 social sector households in Newcastle upon Tyne are proposed to bring together both the theory and practice.The paper reviews the UK low carbon agenda to provide an overview of the key policies for carbon reduction in the domestic sector involving retrofit insulation. It, then, briefly examines the take back effect and demand side management concepts to contextualise the emphasis of the proposed study. Further, it looks at practice theory for connecting socio-technical systems and reviews the urban energy modellin...
3 citations
References
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Book•
01 Jan 1980
TL;DR: Deaton and Muellbauer as mentioned in this paper introduced generations of students to the economic theory of consumer behaviour and used it in applied econometrics, including consumer index numbers, household characteristics, demand, and household welfare comparisons.
Abstract: This classic text has introduced generations of students to the economic theory of consumer behaviour. Written by 2015 Nobel Laureate Angus Deaton and John Muellbauer, the book begins with a self-contained presentation of the basic theory and its use in applied econometrics. These early chapters also include elementary extensions of the theory to labour supply, durable goods, the consumption function, and rationing. The rest of the book is divided into three parts. In the first of these the authors discuss restrictions on choice and aggregation problems. The next part consists of chapters on consumer index numbers; household characteristics, demand, and household welfare comparisons; and social welfare and inequality. The last part extends the coverage of consumer behaviour to include the quality of goods and household production theory, labour supply and human capital theory, the consumption function and intertemporal choice, the demand for durable goods, and choice under uncertainty.
3,952 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an industrial demand for energy is essentially a derived demand: the firm's demand for the energy is an input, derived from demand for a firm's output, which is an output.
Abstract: Industrial demand for energy is essentially a derived demand: the firm's demand for energy is an input is derived from demand for the firm's output. Inputs other than energy typically also enter the firm's production process. Since firms tend to choose that bundle of inputs which minimized the total cost of producing a giving level of output, the derived demand for inputs, including energy, depends on the level of output, the submitions possibilies among inputs allow by production technology, and the relative prices of all inputs.
1,422 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a model of individual behavior in the purchase and utilization of energy-using durables is presented, where the tradeoff between capital costs for more energy efficient appliances and operating costs for the appliances is emphasized.
Abstract: This article presents a model of individual behavior in the purchase and utilization of energy-using durables. The tradeoff between capital costs for more energy efficient appliances and operating costs for the appliances is emphasized. Using data on both the purchase and utilization of room air conditioners, the model is applied to a sample of households. The utilization equation indicates a relatively low price elasticity. The purchase equation, based on a discrete choice model, demonstrates that individuals do trade off capital costs and expected operating costs. The results also show that individuals use a discount rate of about 20 percent in making the tradeoff decision and that the discount rate varies inversely with income.
1,361 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that the indiscriminate use of mandated standards will backfire, but a mix of selective standards and reliance on prices as a restraint can be effective.
Abstract: Regulations which mandate appliance efficiency standards may be based on calculations which exaggerate the potential energy savings. Improved efficiency can, in fact, increase demand enough to be counterproductive unless the standards are applied selectively. As appliances improve, they are used more, new stock is demanded, and the demand for and use of related equipment increases. The policy implications of these empirical studies are that the indiscriminate use of mandated standards will backfire, but a mix of selective standards and reliance on prices as a restraint can be effective. 11 references, 5 figures, 2 tables. (DCK)
802 citations
Posted Content•
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a detailed study of automobile demand and use, presenting forecasts based on the powerful new techniques of qualitative choice analysis and standard regression techniques, which are combined to analyze situations that neither alone can accurately forecast.
Abstract: This book addresses two significant research areas in an interdependent fashion. It is first of all a comprehensive but concise text that covers the recently developed and widely applicable methods of qualitative choice analysis, illustrating the general theory through simulation models of automobile demand and use. It is also a detailed study of automobile demand and use, presenting forecasts based on these powerful new techniques. The book develops the general principles that underlie qualitative choice models that are now being applied in numerous fields in addition to transportation, such as housing, labor, energy, communications, and criminology. The general form, derivation, and estimation of qualitative choice models are explained, and the major models - logit, probit, and GEV - are discussed in detail. And continuous/discrete models are introduced. In these, qualitative choice methods and standard regression techniques are combined to analyze situations that neither alone can accurately forecast. Summarizing previous research on auto demand, the book shows how qualitative choice methods can be used by applying them to specific auto-related decisions as the aggregate of individuals' choices. The simulation model that is constructed is a significant improvement over older models, and should prove more useful to agencies and organizations requiring accurate forecasting of auto demand and use for planning and policy development. The book concludes with an actual case study based on a model designed for the investigations of the California Energy Commission.
726 citations