Energy efficiency and consumption — the rebound effect — a survey
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of some of the relevant literature from the US offers definitions and identifies sources including direct, secondary, and economy-wide sources and concludes that the range of estimates for the size of the rebound effect is very low to moderate.
About: This article is published in Energy Policy.The article was published on 2000-06-01. It has received 1867 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Rebound effect (conservation) & Energy consumption.
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01 Jan 2017
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a practical resource for governments (ministries of energy, environment, housing, climate change, finance, planning and others), private sector investors and civil society organizations by illustrating how to create a NAMA for energy efficient buildings based on a country-led national strategy, possibly articulated as a Nationally Determined Contribution.
Abstract: Energy Efficient Buildings in Tropical and Subtropical Climates DTU Orbit (10/11/2019) For the developmet of nationally appropriate mitigation actions (NAMAS): A primer on Energy Efficient Buildings in Tropical and Subtropical Climates This Guidebook aims to be a practical resource for governments (ministries of energy, environment, housing, climate change, finance, planning and others), private sector investors and civil society organizations by illustrating how to create a NAMA for energy efficient buildings based on a country-led national strategy, possibly articulated as a Nationally Determined Contribution. Some countries may already have developed a strategy for energy efficient buildings or may be in the process of developing one, such as Singapore's Green Mark initiative or Mexico's NAMA on Sustainable Housing, 'EcoCasa'. Other countries may have an interest in formulating a NAMA as the concrete implementation model for such an NDC, indicating how the country will turn the NDC into practice. And still others may wish to develop a NAMA without having developed an NDC or a sector-wide strategy first.
2 citations
Cites background from "Energy efficiency and consumption —..."
...There is clear evidence for direct rebound effects for household energy efficiency for space heating and cooling, lighting and major appliances (Greening et al. 2000; Sorrell 2007)....
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...Since Khazzoom (1980) first described the rebound effect in estimation of energy savings based on the mandated efficiency standards for household appliances in the US, the scale and significance of rebound effects have been debated continually (Greening et al. 2000)....
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...heating and cooling, lighting and major appliances (Greening et al. 2000; Sorrell 2007)....
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TL;DR: In this article , the authors examined how technological innovation in Japan impacted its energy security risk (ESR) in the long run by utilizing the recently developed augmented linear and nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) methods for the 1983-2018 period.
2 citations
01 Jan 2013
TL;DR: In this paper, a mixed MDCEV and MNL-MDCEV models are introduced into the energy field, from which the necessity for joint representation of residential and transport energy consumption is confirmed.
Abstract: Given the rapid increase of energy demand in the world, especially in Asia, reducing energy use has been widely acknowledged as a means for both meeting future energy needs and addressing environmental problems (GHG emissions and climate change). This chapter aims to present an energy policy analysis that can answer the question of how to reduce household energy consumption from a behavioral perspective. Residential and transport energy consumption behavior in a household may be expected to be correlated, because of the existence of the rebound and self-selection effects. To examine this expectation, a mixed MDCEV and MNL-MDCEV models are first introduced into the energy field, from which the necessity for joint representation of residential and transport energy consumption is confirmed. Under this integrated framework, land-use policy is taken as an example and is designed to reduce energy use by explicitly controlling self-selection effects. This chapter on the one hand questions the traditional sector-oriented policy scheme by emphasizing the importance of cross-sector policy, while on the other hand it gauges the effect of land-use policies and shows the effectiveness of soft policy on household energy saving.
2 citations
Dissertation•
01 Mar 2015
2 citations
TL;DR: This research analyzed energy conservation and demographic data of households in Taiwan and developed a novel method for best setting household energy conservation strategies that intended to lower the promotion cost, as promotion is a part of the strategy refinement.
Abstract: Taiwan highly relies on foreign countries' supply in various types of energy because of the shortage of energy resources. Taiwanese government encourages industrial and academic research organizations to invest research in energy conservation that could be applicable to countries with similar settings. This research analyzed energy conservation and demographic data of households in Taiwan and developed a novel method for best setting household energy conservation strategies. Through the analysis of high volume and high dimensional data, it showed a hybrid analytical method is required, to predict and identify target households and refine their energy conservation strategies. The hybrid method includes a Logistic Regression based predictive model and a Rough Set Theory-based decision-making model. A hybrid analytical approach is used to identify target households and the critical energy conservation factors by households, such as the use of air conditioning in terms of time length and time of the day, age of the house, energy conservation of the electrical appliances, and price promotion. References show that no study was conducted with such a hybrid approach that can refine strategies for the households that were false-positive in achieving the conservation goal. Besides the above-mentioned purpose, this novel method intended to lower the promotion cost, as promotion is a part of the strategy refinement. In overall, the following problems were considered for decision-making: 1. how to identify the target households that require strategy refinement, 2. how to identify key variables and determine the change of these variables to increase the likelihood of achieving conservation goal, 3. what options can be provided to the decision-makers for feasible strategy refinements. Some studies with qualitative approaches and judgmental decision-making methods were found in this area. However, with the available large dataset, the proposed quantitative method achieved better decision-making efficiency and result optimality.
2 citations
References
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Book•
01 Jan 1980
TL;DR: Deaton and Muellbauer as mentioned in this paper introduced generations of students to the economic theory of consumer behaviour and used it in applied econometrics, including consumer index numbers, household characteristics, demand, and household welfare comparisons.
Abstract: This classic text has introduced generations of students to the economic theory of consumer behaviour. Written by 2015 Nobel Laureate Angus Deaton and John Muellbauer, the book begins with a self-contained presentation of the basic theory and its use in applied econometrics. These early chapters also include elementary extensions of the theory to labour supply, durable goods, the consumption function, and rationing. The rest of the book is divided into three parts. In the first of these the authors discuss restrictions on choice and aggregation problems. The next part consists of chapters on consumer index numbers; household characteristics, demand, and household welfare comparisons; and social welfare and inequality. The last part extends the coverage of consumer behaviour to include the quality of goods and household production theory, labour supply and human capital theory, the consumption function and intertemporal choice, the demand for durable goods, and choice under uncertainty.
3,952 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an industrial demand for energy is essentially a derived demand: the firm's demand for the energy is an input, derived from demand for a firm's output, which is an output.
Abstract: Industrial demand for energy is essentially a derived demand: the firm's demand for energy is an input is derived from demand for the firm's output. Inputs other than energy typically also enter the firm's production process. Since firms tend to choose that bundle of inputs which minimized the total cost of producing a giving level of output, the derived demand for inputs, including energy, depends on the level of output, the submitions possibilies among inputs allow by production technology, and the relative prices of all inputs.
1,422 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a model of individual behavior in the purchase and utilization of energy-using durables is presented, where the tradeoff between capital costs for more energy efficient appliances and operating costs for the appliances is emphasized.
Abstract: This article presents a model of individual behavior in the purchase and utilization of energy-using durables. The tradeoff between capital costs for more energy efficient appliances and operating costs for the appliances is emphasized. Using data on both the purchase and utilization of room air conditioners, the model is applied to a sample of households. The utilization equation indicates a relatively low price elasticity. The purchase equation, based on a discrete choice model, demonstrates that individuals do trade off capital costs and expected operating costs. The results also show that individuals use a discount rate of about 20 percent in making the tradeoff decision and that the discount rate varies inversely with income.
1,361 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that the indiscriminate use of mandated standards will backfire, but a mix of selective standards and reliance on prices as a restraint can be effective.
Abstract: Regulations which mandate appliance efficiency standards may be based on calculations which exaggerate the potential energy savings. Improved efficiency can, in fact, increase demand enough to be counterproductive unless the standards are applied selectively. As appliances improve, they are used more, new stock is demanded, and the demand for and use of related equipment increases. The policy implications of these empirical studies are that the indiscriminate use of mandated standards will backfire, but a mix of selective standards and reliance on prices as a restraint can be effective. 11 references, 5 figures, 2 tables. (DCK)
802 citations
Posted Content•
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a detailed study of automobile demand and use, presenting forecasts based on the powerful new techniques of qualitative choice analysis and standard regression techniques, which are combined to analyze situations that neither alone can accurately forecast.
Abstract: This book addresses two significant research areas in an interdependent fashion. It is first of all a comprehensive but concise text that covers the recently developed and widely applicable methods of qualitative choice analysis, illustrating the general theory through simulation models of automobile demand and use. It is also a detailed study of automobile demand and use, presenting forecasts based on these powerful new techniques. The book develops the general principles that underlie qualitative choice models that are now being applied in numerous fields in addition to transportation, such as housing, labor, energy, communications, and criminology. The general form, derivation, and estimation of qualitative choice models are explained, and the major models - logit, probit, and GEV - are discussed in detail. And continuous/discrete models are introduced. In these, qualitative choice methods and standard regression techniques are combined to analyze situations that neither alone can accurately forecast. Summarizing previous research on auto demand, the book shows how qualitative choice methods can be used by applying them to specific auto-related decisions as the aggregate of individuals' choices. The simulation model that is constructed is a significant improvement over older models, and should prove more useful to agencies and organizations requiring accurate forecasting of auto demand and use for planning and policy development. The book concludes with an actual case study based on a model designed for the investigations of the California Energy Commission.
726 citations