Energy efficiency and consumption — the rebound effect — a survey
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of some of the relevant literature from the US offers definitions and identifies sources including direct, secondary, and economy-wide sources and concludes that the range of estimates for the size of the rebound effect is very low to moderate.
About: This article is published in Energy Policy.The article was published on 2000-06-01. It has received 1867 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Rebound effect (conservation) & Energy consumption.
Citations
More filters
Peer Review•
21 Jun 2022
TL;DR: In this article , a behavioral experiment with a three-wave survey and an app-based travel diary on a sample of hundreds of participants as well as an analysis of traffic counts is presented.
Abstract: almost unprecedented behavioral experiment. It allows to study not only behavioral responses in mode choice and induced demand but also to assess the effectiveness of transport policy instruments. We observe this natural experiment with a three-wave survey and an app-based travel diary on a sample of hundreds of participants as well as an analysis of traffic counts. In this second report, we update the information on study participation, provide first insights on the smartphone app usage as well as insights on the first wave results, particularly on the 9 EUR-ticket purchase intention.
2 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a hybrid decomposition approach called input-output logarithmic mean divisia index (IO-LMDI) decomposition method is proposed to assign the responsibility of primary energy requirements and carbon-dioxide emissions to the end-use sectors, including both economic and non-productive sectors.
Abstract: Spain is on a path toward the decarbonization of the economy. This is mainly due to structural changes in the economy, where less energy-intensive sectors are gaining more relevance, and due to a higher use of less carbon-intensive primary energy products. This decarbonization trend is in fact more accentuated than that observed in the EU28, but there is still much to be done in order to reverse the huge increases in emissions that occurred in Spain prior to the 2007 crisis. The technical energy efficiency is improving in the Spanish economy at a higher rate than in the EU28, although all these gains are offset by the losses that the country suffers due to the inefficient use of the energy equipment. There is an installed energy infrastructure (in the energy-consumer side) in the Spanish economy that is not working at its maximum rated capacity, but which has very high fixed energy costs that reduce the observed energy efficiency and puts at risk the achievement of the emissions and energy consumption targets set by the European institutions. We arrive to these findings by developing a hybrid decomposition approach called input–output logarithmic mean Divisia index (IO-LMDI) decomposition method. With this methodological approach, we can provide an allocation diagram scheme for assigning the responsibility of primary energy requirements and carbon-dioxide emissions to the end-use sectors, including both economic and non-productive sectors. In addition, we analyze more potential influencing factors than those typically examined, we proceed in a way that reconciles energy intensity and energy efficiency metrics, and we are able to distinguish between technical and observed end-use energy efficiency taking into account potential rebound effects and other factors.
2 citations
2 citations
14 Apr 2011
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors introduce an ETC specification in a global computable general equilibrium model in order to analyze the different implications of selected policies in terms of R&D, knowledge and trade spillovers.
Abstract: The role technology plays has become more preponderant in a context where concerns related with climate change and growth are among the priorities of a sustainable development agenda. Furthermore, although it is a key element in explaining growth and also one of the instruments proposed to deal with climate change, it may also be influenced by climate policy. Different kinds of environmental, economic and energy models for the analysis of mitigation policies have been gradually evolving from considering technological change as an exogenous element to include it as an endogenous mechanism following ideas of theories such as endogenous growth, innovation and learning by doing.
CGE models offer a more detailed description of an economy with several sectors and regions, and, although they may lack of a detailed bottom up system; they offer a more exhaustive information about intersectoral and international flows which constitutes a potential advantage for endogenous technical progress deriving from technology, knowledge and trade spillovers since they can include and use information on R&D related services for all sectors in the model.
The main contribution of the paper is to introduce an ETC specification in a global computable general equilibrium model in order to analyze the different implications of selected policies. According to a literature review, a reasonable alternative is to include a knowledge capital stock which is also the product of investment in R&D. Although there are some challenges regarding the integration of additional data related to R&D and a stock of knowledge, the corresponding benefit is the possibility to provide details about the interaction between sectors including spillovers from trade or R&D.
2 citations
18 Mar 2014
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a survey of the state of the art in the field of emergency preparedness and emergency management in the context of cyber-physical systems, including the following:
Abstract: .................................................................................................................................................................. III PREFACE ....................................................................................................................................................................... V ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ............................................................................................................................................ VI TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................................................... X INTRODUCTION: SUSTAINABILITY, RESOURCE USE AND BEHAVIOURAL PATTERNS ....................... 1 SOME HISTORICAL DEFINITIONS .................................................................................................................................................... 3 ICT AND SUSTAINABILITY .............................................................................................................................................................. 5 TECHNOLOGICAL EFFICIENCY ALONE WILL NOT PRODUCE SUSTAINABILITY: THE REBOUND EFFECT ............................. 6 SOCIAL AND POLITICAL DIMENSIONS TO COPE WITH ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES ................................................................... 6 AN INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH FRAMEWORK .................................................................................................................... 7 RESOURCE CONSUMPTION REDUCTION AND SUSTAINABILITY AT A LOCAL SCALE ............................................................... 7 THE LIMITING FACTOR .................................................................................................................................................................... 8 THE NEED OF MODELING TO MAKE SOCIAL EXPERIMENT ON ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY ................................... 8 RESEARCH CONTRIBUTION AND RESEARCH QUESTIONS ........................................................................................................... 9 THESIS ORGANIZATION ................................................................................................................................................................ 10 REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................................................................. 11 PART ONE: ICT AND SUSTAINABILITY ............................................................................................................ 13 1. OVERALL SCENARIO ON ICT AND SUSTAINABILITY ........................................................................... 15 1.1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................................................. 15 1.2 ICT EFFECTS ON CO2 EMISSION AND THEIR ASSESSMENT: AN OVERVIEW ............................................................ 15 1.2.1 First order effects ....................................................................................................................................................... 16 1.2.1.1 Green ICT and sustainability ............................................................................................................................................................. 18 1.2.2 Second order effects .................................................................................................................................................. 19 1.2.3 Third order effects ..................................................................................................................................................... 20 1.3 DEMATERIALIZATION AND STAKEHOLDER INVOLVEMENT ....................................................................................... 22 1.3.1 Collective situational awareness ......................................................................................................................... 22 1.3.2 Environmental collective awareness and bottom-‐up policy assessment .......................................... 22 1.3.3 Location-‐Based Data as crowd-‐sourced data ............................................................................................... 23 1.4 CONCLUSION ...................................................................................................................................................................... 24 1.4.1 International institutions’ policy recommendations .................................................................................. 24 1.4.2 The data issue .............................................................................................................................................................. 24 1.4.3 User generated data ................................................................................................................................................. 24 1.4.4 Participatory processes as empowerment processes ................................................................................. 25 1.4.5 Open issues .................................................................................................................................................................... 25 APPENDIX 1: GREEN OPPORTUNITY AND RISKS OF CLOUD COMPUTING ......................................................................... 26 2. THE REBOUND EFFECT ................................................................................................................................. 31 2.1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................................................. 31 2.2 THE REBOUND EFFECT IN ENERGY ECONOMICS: CLASSICAL ECONOMIC ASSUMPTIONS ....................................... 32 2.3 HOUSEHOLD ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN TRADITIONAL CONSUMER THEORY ......................................................... 32 2.4 REBOUND EFFECT IN ICTS .............................................................................................................................................. 33 2.5 RATIONALE FOR MODELS OF LIMITED RESOURCE CONSUMER BEHAVIOR ............................................................... 33 2.6 ALTERNATIVE ASSUMPTIONS .......................................................................................................................................... 34 2.6.1 Bounded rationality .................................................................................................................................................. 34 2.6.2 Unintended consequences and relevance perception ................................................................................ 34 2.6.3 Neoinstitutionalism .................................................................................................................................................. 35 2.7 NEW PERSPECTIVES FOR A MODEL OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION BEHAVIORS .......................................................... 35 2.7.1 Efficiency and sufficiency ....................................................................................................................................... 36
2 citations
References
More filters
Book•
01 Jan 1980
TL;DR: Deaton and Muellbauer as mentioned in this paper introduced generations of students to the economic theory of consumer behaviour and used it in applied econometrics, including consumer index numbers, household characteristics, demand, and household welfare comparisons.
Abstract: This classic text has introduced generations of students to the economic theory of consumer behaviour. Written by 2015 Nobel Laureate Angus Deaton and John Muellbauer, the book begins with a self-contained presentation of the basic theory and its use in applied econometrics. These early chapters also include elementary extensions of the theory to labour supply, durable goods, the consumption function, and rationing. The rest of the book is divided into three parts. In the first of these the authors discuss restrictions on choice and aggregation problems. The next part consists of chapters on consumer index numbers; household characteristics, demand, and household welfare comparisons; and social welfare and inequality. The last part extends the coverage of consumer behaviour to include the quality of goods and household production theory, labour supply and human capital theory, the consumption function and intertemporal choice, the demand for durable goods, and choice under uncertainty.
3,952 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an industrial demand for energy is essentially a derived demand: the firm's demand for the energy is an input, derived from demand for a firm's output, which is an output.
Abstract: Industrial demand for energy is essentially a derived demand: the firm's demand for energy is an input is derived from demand for the firm's output. Inputs other than energy typically also enter the firm's production process. Since firms tend to choose that bundle of inputs which minimized the total cost of producing a giving level of output, the derived demand for inputs, including energy, depends on the level of output, the submitions possibilies among inputs allow by production technology, and the relative prices of all inputs.
1,422 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a model of individual behavior in the purchase and utilization of energy-using durables is presented, where the tradeoff between capital costs for more energy efficient appliances and operating costs for the appliances is emphasized.
Abstract: This article presents a model of individual behavior in the purchase and utilization of energy-using durables. The tradeoff between capital costs for more energy efficient appliances and operating costs for the appliances is emphasized. Using data on both the purchase and utilization of room air conditioners, the model is applied to a sample of households. The utilization equation indicates a relatively low price elasticity. The purchase equation, based on a discrete choice model, demonstrates that individuals do trade off capital costs and expected operating costs. The results also show that individuals use a discount rate of about 20 percent in making the tradeoff decision and that the discount rate varies inversely with income.
1,361 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that the indiscriminate use of mandated standards will backfire, but a mix of selective standards and reliance on prices as a restraint can be effective.
Abstract: Regulations which mandate appliance efficiency standards may be based on calculations which exaggerate the potential energy savings. Improved efficiency can, in fact, increase demand enough to be counterproductive unless the standards are applied selectively. As appliances improve, they are used more, new stock is demanded, and the demand for and use of related equipment increases. The policy implications of these empirical studies are that the indiscriminate use of mandated standards will backfire, but a mix of selective standards and reliance on prices as a restraint can be effective. 11 references, 5 figures, 2 tables. (DCK)
802 citations
Posted Content•
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a detailed study of automobile demand and use, presenting forecasts based on the powerful new techniques of qualitative choice analysis and standard regression techniques, which are combined to analyze situations that neither alone can accurately forecast.
Abstract: This book addresses two significant research areas in an interdependent fashion. It is first of all a comprehensive but concise text that covers the recently developed and widely applicable methods of qualitative choice analysis, illustrating the general theory through simulation models of automobile demand and use. It is also a detailed study of automobile demand and use, presenting forecasts based on these powerful new techniques. The book develops the general principles that underlie qualitative choice models that are now being applied in numerous fields in addition to transportation, such as housing, labor, energy, communications, and criminology. The general form, derivation, and estimation of qualitative choice models are explained, and the major models - logit, probit, and GEV - are discussed in detail. And continuous/discrete models are introduced. In these, qualitative choice methods and standard regression techniques are combined to analyze situations that neither alone can accurately forecast. Summarizing previous research on auto demand, the book shows how qualitative choice methods can be used by applying them to specific auto-related decisions as the aggregate of individuals' choices. The simulation model that is constructed is a significant improvement over older models, and should prove more useful to agencies and organizations requiring accurate forecasting of auto demand and use for planning and policy development. The book concludes with an actual case study based on a model designed for the investigations of the California Energy Commission.
726 citations