Journal ArticleDOI
Engineering Carbon Materials from the Hydrothermal Carbonization Process of Biomass
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TLDR
It will be demonstrated that the HTC process can rationally design a rich family of carbonaceous and hybrid functional carbon materials with important applications in a sustainable fashion.Abstract:
Energy shortage, environmental crisis, and developing customer demands have driven people to find facile, low-cost, environmentally friendly, and nontoxic routes to produce novel functional materials that can be commercialized in the near future. Amongst various techniques, the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) process of biomass (either of isolated carbohydrates or crude plants) is a promising candidate for the synthesis of novel carbon-based materials with a wide variety of potential applications. In this Review, we will discuss various synthetic routes towards such novel carbon-based materials or composites via the HTC process of biomass. Furthermore, factors that influence the carbonization process will be analyzed and the special chemical/physical properties of the final products will be discussed. Despite the lack of a clear mechanism, these novel carbonaceous materials have already shown promising applications in many fields such as carbon fixation, water purification, fuel cell catalysis, energy storage, CO(2) sequestration, bioimaging, drug delivery, and gas sensors. Some of the most promising examples will also be discussed here, demonstrating that the HTC process can rationally design a rich family of carbonaceous and hybrid functional carbon materials with important applications in a sustainable fashion.read more
Citations
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Carbon quantum dots: synthesis, properties and applications
Youfu Wang,Aiguo Hu +1 more
TL;DR: Carbon quantum dots (CQDs, C-dots or CDs) have found wide use in more and more fields during the last few years as discussed by the authors, focusing on their synthetic methods, size control, modification strategies, photoelectric properties, luminescent mechanism, and applications in biomedicine, optronics, catalysis and sensor issues.
Journal ArticleDOI
Synthesis of Nitrogen-Doped Porous Carbon Nanofibers as an Efficient Electrode Material for Supercapacitors
Li-Feng Chen,Xu-Dong Zhang,Hai-Wei Liang,Mingguang Kong,Qing-Fang Guan,Ping Chen,Zhen-Yu Wu,Shu-Hong Yu,Shu-Hong Yu +8 more
TL;DR: This work presents a high-capacity supercapacitor material based on the nitrogen-doped porous carbon nan ofibers synthesized by carbonization of macroscopic-scale carbonaceous nanofibers coated with polypyrrole (CNFs@polypyr role) at an appropriate temperature.
Journal ArticleDOI
Doping carbons beyond nitrogen: an overview of advanced heteroatom doped carbons with boron, sulphur and phosphorus for energy applications
TL;DR: In this paper, a state-of-the-art update on the most recent developments concerning the advanced heteroatom doping of carbon that goes beyond nitrogen is given, with respect to their boron-, sulphur-and phosphorus-doping.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hydrothermal carbonization of biomass residuals: a comparative review of the chemistry, processes and applications of wet and dry pyrolysis
Judy A. Libra,Kyoung S. Ro,Claudia Kammann,Axel Funke,Nicole D. Berge,York Neubauer,Maria-Magdalena Titirici,Christoph Fühner,Oliver Bens,Jürgen Kern,Karl-Heinz Emmerich +10 more
TL;DR: The wet pyrolysis process, also known as hydrothermal carbonization, opens up the field of potential feedstocks for char production to a range of nontraditional renewable and plentiful wet agricultural residues and municipal wastes as discussed by the authors.
References
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