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Proceedings ArticleDOI

Enhancements to the time synchronization standard IEEE-1588 for a system of cascaded bridges

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TLDR
In this paper, a bypass clock instead of the boundary clock is proposed as an enhancement of the IEEE-1588 standard for bridged networks, where the local clock adjustment can be modeled by a corresponding control loop.
Abstract
The IEEE-1588 standard for a high precision time synchronization now exists since 2002. For using this standard in bridged networks a so-called boundary clock is defined, where the local clock adjustment can be modeled by a corresponding control loop. At the field level of industrial automation systems, the line topology is very important. By using Ethernet at the field level, the resulting chain of bridges leads to a cascade of control loops and may lead to instabilities and deviations of the distributed clocks, which are not acceptable. For this application a bypass clock instead of the boundary clock is proposed as an enhancement of the IEEE-1588 standard. The effectiveness of this extension to be evaluated by simulation technique.

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Citations
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Proceedings ArticleDOI

Research of time synchronization in digital substation based on IEEE 1588

TL;DR: The principle of high precision clock synchronization and the PTP clock models defined in IEEE1588 standard are introduced and concrete system wide application strategies of IEEE1587 standard in area power network are researched.
Proceedings ArticleDOI

A clock state estimator for PTP time synchronization in harsh environmental conditions

TL;DR: The reported simulation results when the network nodes are subject to changeable environmental conditions provide interesting guidelines to keep synchronization accuracy in industrial networks within given boundaries.
Patent

Intermediate two-dimensional scanning with a three-dimensional scanner to speed registration

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Ethernet-based real-time communications with PROFINET IO

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Patent

Registration calculation of three-dimensional scanner data performed between scans based on measurements by two-dimensional scanner

TL;DR: In this paper, a method for measuring and registering three-dimensional (3D) coordinates by measuring 3D coordinates with a 3D scanner in a first registration position, measuring two-dimensional coordinates with 2D scans while moving from the first registration location to a second registration position and determining a correspondence among targets in the first and second registration positions while moving between the second position and a third registration position is presented.
References
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The omnet++ discrete event simulation system

TL;DR: OMNeT++ is fully programmable and modular, and it was designed from the ground up to support modeling very large networks built from reusable model components.
Journal ArticleDOI

Internet time synchronization: the network time protocol

TL;DR: The NTP synchronization system is described, along with performance data which show that timekeeping accuracy throughout most portions of the Internet can be ordinarily maintained to within a few milliseconds, even in cases of failure or disruption of clocks, time servers, or networks.

Standard for a Precision Clock Synchronization Protocol for Networked Measurement and Control Systems

Kang B. Lee, +1 more
TL;DR: A protocol is provided in this standard that enables precise synchronization of clocks in measurement and control systems implemented with technologies such as network communication, local computing, and distributed objects.
Proceedings ArticleDOI

IEEE 1588 standard for a precision clock synchronization protocol for networked measurement and control systems

TL;DR: This paper discusses the major features and design objectives of the IEEE-1588 standard, designed to serve the clock synchronization needs of industrial systems, and recent performance results of prototype implementations of this standard in an Ethernet environment are presented.
Journal ArticleDOI

Precision synchronization of computer network clocks

TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe a series of incremental improvements in system hardware and software which result in significantly better accuracy and stability, especially in primary time servers directly synchronized to radio or satellite time services.