Enhancing thermal conductivity of fluids with nano-particles
01 Jan 1995-Vol. 231, pp 99-105
About: The article was published on 1995-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 7263 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Thermal conductivity & Nanoparticle.
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TL;DR: In this article, stable homogeneous graphene nanoplatelet (GNP) nanofluids were prepared without any surfactant by high-power ultrasonic (probe) dispersion of GNPs in distilled water.
Abstract: In the present study, stable homogeneous graphene nanoplatelet (GNP) nanofluids were prepared without any surfactant by high-power ultrasonic (probe) dispersion of GNPs in distilled water. The concentrations of nanofluids were maintained at 0.025, 0.05, 0.075, and 0.1 wt.% for three different specific surface areas of 300, 500, and 750 m2/g. Transmission electron microscopy image shows that the suspensions are homogeneous and most of the materials have been well dispersed. The stability of nanofluid was investigated using a UV-visible spectrophotometer in a time span of 600 h, and zeta potential after dispersion had been investigated to elucidate its role on dispersion characteristics. The rheological properties of GNP nanofluids approach Newtonian and non-Newtonian behaviors where viscosity decreases linearly with the rise of temperature. The thermal conductivity results show that the dispersed nanoparticles can always enhance the thermal conductivity of the base fluid, and the highest enhancement was obtained to be 27.64% in the concentration of 0.1 wt.% of GNPs with a specific surface area of 750 m2/g. Electrical conductivity of the GNP nanofluids shows a significant enhancement by dispersion of GNPs in distilled water. This novel type of nanofluids shows outstanding potential for replacements as advanced heat transfer fluids in medium temperature applications including solar collectors and heat exchanger systems.
371 citations
Cites background from "Enhancing thermal conductivity of f..."
...Choi SUS, Eastman J: Enhancing Thermal Conductivity of Fluids with Nanoparticles....
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...Choi and Eastman [2] have introduced the term nanofluids referring to fluids containing dispersed nanosized particles having large thermal conductivity enhancement....
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TL;DR: In this paper, the effective thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of Au/toluene, Al 2 O 3, TiO 2 and CuO spherical particles are measured by using the transient short-hot-wire technique.
361 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the dispersing mechanism of different surfactants and evaluated the dispersion stability and tribological performances of PPO-based CNT nanofluids were analyzed. And different experimental evaluations confirm that APE-10 is the optimal dispersant of CNT nanoparticles.
353 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of the volume fraction, the size of nanoparticles, and the average temperature of nanofluids on natural convective instability and heat transfer characteristics of water-based Al2O3 nanoparticles in a rectangular cavity heated from below are theoretically analyzed.
350 citations
Cites background from "Enhancing thermal conductivity of f..."
...One of them is that nanofluids have anomalous high thermal conductivity at very low nanoparticles concentration [2–7] and considerable enhancement of forced convective heat transfer [8–11]....
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TL;DR: The results show that zeta potential has good corresponding relation with absorbency, and the higher absolute value of zETA potential and the absorbency are, the better dispersion and stability in system is.
346 citations