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Enhancing thermal conductivity of fluids with nano-particles

01 Jan 1995-Vol. 231, pp 99-105
About: The article was published on 1995-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 7263 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Thermal conductivity & Nanoparticle.
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the recent advances in the nanofluids' applications in solar energy systems, i.e., solar collectors, photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) systems, solar thermoelectric devices, solar water heaters, solar-geothermal combined cooling heating and power system (CCHP), evaporative cooling for greenhouses, and water desalination.
Abstract: Solar energy systems (SESs) are considered as one of the most important alternatives to conventional fossil fuels, due to its ability to convert solar energy directly into heat and electricity without any negative environmental impact such as greenhouse gas emissions. Utilizing nanofluid as a potential heat transfer fluid with superior thermophysical properties is an effective method to enhance the thermal performance of solar energy systems. The purpose of this review paper is the investigation of the recent advances in the nanofluids’ applications in solar energy systems, i.e., solar collectors (SCs), photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) systems, solar thermoelectric devices, solar water heaters, solar-geothermal combined cooling heating and power system (CCHP), evaporative cooling for greenhouses, and water desalination.

326 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a review on application of nanofluids in heat exchangers has been addressed, and it can be concluded that the use of nanophotonics in most cases improves heat transfer, which reduces the volume of heat exchanger, saving energy, consequently water consumption and industrial waste.

325 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a comprehensive review of research and development on rheological characteristics of nanofluids for their advanced heat transfer applications is performed and reported in this paper, which identifies the research anomaly and importance on this topic besides analysing rheology of nanophluids.
Abstract: A comprehensive review of research and development on rheological characteristics of nanofluids for their advanced heat transfer applications is performed and reported in this paper. It identifies the research anomaly and importance on this topic besides analysing rheology of nanofluids. Various classical and recently developed viscosity models for nanofluids are presented and discussed. Nanofluids are classified as metallic and nonmetallic types and research findings on this key property of available nanofluids are analyzed. Effects of several important factors such as concentration of nanoparticles and temperature on viscosity of each type of nanofluids have been explicitly reviewed. Results from various research groups and predictions from viscosity models are also compared and discussed in detail. Role and importance of the viscosity in connection with other thermal properties and parameters for their thermal management applications are highlighted. Furthermore, the research challenges and needs in this important area of nanofluids are also revealed.

314 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a detailed description of a unique thermal conductivity measurement device based on the thermal comparator principle, developed by the present authors, has been described, besides the principle of this measurement device, the constructional details have been elaborated.
Abstract: There has been a rapid progress in research activities concerning nanofluids since a large enhancement in their thermal conductivity has been reported a decade ago. While this extraordinary thermal conductivity of nanofluids deserves scientific investigation, the inconsistency and controversy of the results reported by different groups for identical nanofluids across the world raises fundamental doubts and poses a hindrance in the potential applications of nanofluids. This paper presents a critical review of the several techniques for the measurement of thermal conductivity of nanofluids employed by the researchers. Additionally, a detailed description of a unique thermal conductivity measurement device based on the thermal comparator principle, developed by the present authors has been described. Besides the principle of this measurement device, the constructional details have been elaborated. Finally, some suggestions have been made for improving the reliability of the measurement of thermal conductivity.

314 citations


Cites methods from "Enhancing thermal conductivity of f..."

  • ...The term nanofluid was proposed by Choi [1] in 1995 of Argonne National Laboratory, U....

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  • ...The term nanofluid was proposed by Choi [1] in 1995 of Argonne National Laboratory, U.S.A. for such type of fluids....

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