Enhancing thermal conductivity of fluids with nano-particles
01 Jan 1995-Vol. 231, pp 99-105
About: The article was published on 1995-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 7263 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Thermal conductivity & Nanoparticle.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors summarized the current research in the nanofluid studies on convective heat transfer performance, thermo-physical properties, effect of fluid temperature, inlet velocity, use of surfactant for better stability of nanoflids, particle size, and volume concentration effects.
Abstract: The heat transfer characteristics of current fluids are tremendously improved by suspending nano-sized solid particles with diameter below 100 nm and are considered as prospective working fluids for the applications such as solar collectors, heat pipes, nuclear reactors, electronic cooling systems, automobile radiators etc. The present paper summarizes the current research in the nanofluid studies on convective heat transfer performance, thermo-physical properties, effect of fluid temperature, inlet velocity, use of surfactant for better stability of nanofluids, particle size, and volume concentration effects. The article also suggests the direction for future developments.
239 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the nucleate pool boiling heat transfer of a refrigerant-based nanofluid was investigated at different nanoparticle concentrations and pressures, and the results indicated that the boiling temperature of nucleate pools deteriorated with increasing particle concentrations, especially at high heat flux.
238 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the laminar forced convection flow of these nanofluids between two coaxial and parallel disks with central axial injection has been considered using temperature-dependent nano-fluid properties.
234 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the steady mixed convection boundary layer flow past a vertical flat plate embedded in a porous medium filled with nanofluids is studied using different types of nanoparticles as Cu (cuprom), Al2O3 (aluminium), and TiO2 (titanium)
234 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that the presence of nanoparticles enhances thermal conduction under macroscopically static conditions mainly due to nanoparticle structuring / networking, while the natural convective heat transfer coefficient decreases systematically with increasing nanoparticle concentration, and the deterioration is partially attributed to the high viscosity of nanofluids.
Abstract: This paper summarises some of our recent work on the heat transfer of nanofluids (dilute liquid suspensions of nanoparticles). It covers heat conduction, convective heat transfer under both natural and forced flow conditions, and boiling heat transfer in the nucleate regime. The results show that, despite considerable data scattering, the presence of nanoparticles enhances thermal conduction under macroscopically static conditions mainly due to nanoparticle structuring / networking. The natural convective heat transfer coefficient is observed to decrease systematically with increasing nanoparticle concentration, and the deterioration is partially attributed to the high viscosity of nanofluids. However, either enhancement or deterioration of convective heat transfer is observed under the forced flow conditions and particle migration is suggested to be an important mechanism. The results also show that the boiling heat transfer is enhanced in the nucleate regime for both alumina and titania nanofluids, and the enhancement is more sensitive to the concentration change for TiO(2) nanofluids. It is concluded that there is still some way to go before we can tailor-make nanofluids for any targeted applications.
233 citations
Cites background from "Enhancing thermal conductivity of f..."
...haviour associated with heat transfer (Masuda et al. 1993; Choi 1995), mass transfer (Krishnamurthy et al....
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...…decade to this new type of composite material because of its enhanced properties and behaviour associated with heat transfer (Masuda et al. 1993; Choi 1995), mass transfer (Krishnamurthy et al. 2006, Olle et al. 2006), wetting and spreading (Wasan and Nikolov 2003) and antimicrobial activities…...
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