Entanglement-based single-shot detection of a single magnon with a superconducting qubit.
24 Jan 2020-Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science)-Vol. 367, Iss: 6476, pp 425-428
TL;DR: Using a superconducting qubit as a quantum sensor, a single magnon is detected in a millimeter-sized ferrimagnetic crystal with a quantum efficiency of up to 0.71, establishing the single-photon detector counterpart for magnonics.
Abstract: The recent development of hybrid systems based on superconducting circuits provides the possibility of engineering quantum sensors that exploit different degrees of freedom. Quantum magnonics, which aims to control and read out quanta of collective spin excitations in magnetically ordered systems, provides opportunities for advances in both the study of magnetism and the development of quantum technologies. Using a superconducting qubit as a quantum sensor, we report the detection of a single magnon in a millimeter-sized ferrimagnetic crystal with a quantum efficiency of up to 0.71. The detection is based on the entanglement between a magnetostatic mode and the qubit, followed by a single-shot measurement of the qubit state. This proof-of-principle experiment establishes the single-photon detector counterpart for magnonics.
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Bose Corporation1, Cardiff University2, Durham University3, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań4, Max Planck Society5, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven6, Delft University of Technology7, Georgia Institute of Technology8, Kaiserslautern University of Technology9, Beihang University10, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne11, Saratov State University12, Paris-Sorbonne University13, The Catholic University of America14, University of Notre Dame15, University of Münster16, Emory University17, Polytechnic University of Milan18, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf19, Dresden University of Technology20, University of Exeter21, Donetsk National University22, SRM University23, National University of Singapore24, University of Greifswald25, Kyoto University26, Tohoku University27, Federico Santa María Technical University28, University of Santiago, Chile29, University of Perugia30, Université Paris-Saclay31, University of Manitoba32, University of Colorado Colorado Springs33, University of Tokyo34, University of Groningen35, Technische Universität München36, Technical University of Dortmund37, University of Vienna38, Aalto University39, University of California, Riverside40, Intel41, University of Duisburg-Essen42, University of Oldenburg43
TL;DR: The Roadmap on Magnonics as mentioned in this paper is a collection of 22 sections written by leading experts in this field who review and discuss the current status but also present their vision of future perspectives.
Abstract: Magnonics is a rather young physics research field in nanomagnetism and nanoscience that addresses the use of spin waves (magnons) to transmit, store, and process information. After several papers and review articles published in the last decade, with a steadily increase in the number of citations, we are presenting the first Roadmap on Magnonics. This a collection of 22 sections written by leading experts in this field who review and discuss the current status but also present their vision of future perspectives. Today, the principal challenges in applied magnonics are the excitation of sub-100 nm wavelength magnons, their manipulation on the nanoscale and the creation of sub-micrometre devices using low-Gilbert damping magnetic materials and the interconnections to standard electronics. In this respect, magnonics offers lower energy consumption, easier integrability and compatibility with CMOS structure, reprogrammability, shorter wavelength, smaller device features, anisotropic properties, negative group velocity, non-reciprocity and efficient tunability by various external stimuli to name a few. Hence, despite being a young research field, magnonics has come a long way since its early inception. This Roadmap represents a milestone for future emerging research directions in magnonics and hopefully it will be followed by a series of articles on the same topic.
188 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide a tutorial overview of recent efforts to develop computing systems based on spin waves instead of charges and voltages, and discuss the current status and challenges to combine spin-wave gates and obtain circuits and ultimately computing systems, considering essential aspects such as gate interconnection, logic level restoration, input output consistency, and fan-out achievement.
Abstract: This paper provides a tutorial overview over recent vigorous efforts to develop computing systems based on spin waves instead of charges and voltages. Spin-wave computing can be considered a subfield of spintronics, which uses magnetic excitations for computation and memory applications. The Tutorial combines backgrounds in spin-wave and device physics as well as circuit engineering to create synergies between the physics and electrical engineering communities to advance the field toward practical spin-wave circuits. After an introduction to magnetic interactions and spin-wave physics, the basic aspects of spin-wave computing and individual spin-wave devices are reviewed. The focus is on spin-wave majority gates as they are the most prominently pursued device concept. Subsequently, we discuss the current status and the challenges to combine spin-wave gates and obtain circuits and ultimately computing systems, considering essential aspects such as gate interconnection, logic level restoration, input–output consistency, and fan-out achievement. We argue that spin-wave circuits need to be embedded in conventional complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) circuits to obtain complete functional hybrid computing systems. The state of the art of benchmarking such hybrid spin-wave–CMOS systems is reviewed, and the current challenges to realize such systems are discussed. The benchmark indicates that hybrid spin-wave–CMOS systems promise ultralow-power operation and may ultimately outperform conventional CMOS circuits in terms of the power-delay-area product. Current challenges to achieve this goal include low-power signal restoration in spin-wave circuits as well as efficient spin-wave transducers.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors focus on the recent rapid developments of magnon-based hybrid systems, which seek to combine magnonic excitations with diverse excitations for transformative applications in devices, circuits, and information processing.
Abstract: Hybrid dynamic systems have recently gained interest with respect to both fundamental physics and device applications, particularly with their potential for coherent information processing. In this perspective, we will focus on the recent rapid developments of magnon-based hybrid systems, which seek to combine magnonic excitations with diverse excitations for transformative applications in devices, circuits, and information processing. Key to their promising potentials is that magnons are highly tunable excitations and can be easily engineered to couple with various dynamic media and platforms. The capability of reaching strong coupling with many different excitations has positioned magnons well for studying solid-state coherent dynamics and exploiting unique functionality. In addition, with their gigahertz frequency bandwidth and the ease of fabrication and miniaturization, magnonic devices and systems can be conveniently integrated into microwave circuits for mimicking a broad range of device concepts that have been applied in microwave electronics, photonics, and quantum information. We will discuss a few potential directions for advancing magnon hybrid systems, including on-chip geometry, novel coherent magnonic functionality, and coherent transduction between different platforms. As a future outlook, we will discuss the opportunities and challenges of magnonic hybrid systems for their applications in quantum information and magnonic logic.
146 citations
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129 citations
Cites background from "Entanglement-based single-shot dete..."
...This renders magnonics interesting in particular to the community working on the realization of quantum metrology and quantum computing [468, 489, 490, 491] using e....
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TL;DR: It is argued that spin-wave circuits need to be embedded in conventional CMOS circuits to obtain complete functional hybrid computing systems and the benchmark indicates that hybridspin-wave--CMOS systems promise ultralow-power operation and may ultimately outperform conventionalCMOS circuits in terms of the power-delay-area product.
Abstract: This paper provides a tutorial overview over recent vigorous efforts to develop computing systems based on spin waves instead of charges and voltages Spin-wave computing can be considered as a subfield of spintronics, which uses magnetic excitations for computation and memory applications The tutorial combines backgrounds in spin-wave and device physics as well as circuit engineering to create synergies between the physics and electrical engineering communities to advance the field towards practical spin-wave circuits After an introduction to magnetic interactions and spin-wave physics, all relevant basic aspects of spin-wave computing and individual spin-wave devices are reviewed The focus is on spin-wave majority gates as they are the most prominently pursued device concept Subsequently, we discuss the current status and the challenges to combine spin-wave gates and obtain circuits and ultimately computing systems, considering essential aspects such as gate interconnection, logic level restoration, input-output consistency, and fan-out achievement We argue that spin-wave circuits need to be embedded in conventional CMOS circuits to obtain complete functional hybrid computing systems The state of the art of benchmarking such hybrid spin-wave--CMOS systems is reviewed and the current challenges to realize such systems are discussed The benchmark indicates that hybrid spin-wave--CMOS systems promise ultralow-power operation and may ultimately outperform conventional CMOS circuits in terms of the power-delay-area product Current challenges to achieve this goal include low-power signal restoration in spin-wave circuits as well as efficient spin-wave transducers
115 citations
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