Book ChapterDOI
Enzymology and Molecular Biology of Lignin Degradation
D. Cullen,P. J. Kersten +1 more
- pp 295-312
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TLDR
In this chapter, several decades of research on white-rot fungi are summarized and recent developments in molecular biology and enzymology are emphasized.Abstract:
Lignin is the most abundant aromatic polymer in nature. It is synthesized by higher plants, reaching levels of 20–30% of the dry weight of woody tissue. Although white-rot fungi were long recognized as efficient lignin-degrading microbes, research on their enzymology and genetics was somewhat neglected until the past decade. The impetus for increased research interest can be traced to the discovery of “ligninases” and potential commerical applications in the pulp and paper industry and in the degradation of xenobiotics. In this chapter, we briefly summarize several decades of research on white-rot fungi, and readers are referred to several comprehensive reviews for additional background information. Recent developments in molecular biology and enzymology are emphasized. Areas where knowledge is incomplete are highlighted.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Lignocellulosic residues : Biodegradation and bioconversion by fungi
TL;DR: The use of fungi in low cost bioremediation projects might be attractive given their lignocellulose hydrolysis enzyme machinery.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biodegradation of lignin by white rot fungi.
Andrzej Leonowicz,Anna Matuszewska,Jolanta Luterek,Dirk Ziegenhagen,Maria Wojtaś-Wasilewska,Nam-Seok Cho,Martin Hofrichter,Jerzy Rogalski +7 more
TL;DR: A review is presented related to the biochemistry of lignocellulose transformation that focuses on the roles of small molecular compounds and radicals working in concert with enzymes in wood rotting basidiomycetous fungi.
Journal ArticleDOI
Extracellular oxidative systems of the lignin-degrading Basidiomycete Phanerochaete chrysosporium.
Phil Kersten,Dan Cullen +1 more
TL;DR: The US Department of Energy has assembled a high quality draft genome of Phanerochaete chrysosporium, a white rot Basidiomycete capable of completely degrading all major components of plant cell walls including cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, with hundreds of sequences predicted to encode extracellular enzymes including an impressive number of oxidative enzymes potentially involved in lignocellulose degradation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Substrate oxidation sites in versatile peroxidase and other basidiomycete peroxidases
Francisco J. Ruiz-Dueñas,María del Puerto Morales,Eva Alarcón García,Yuta Miki,María Jesús Martínez,Ángel T. Martínez +5 more
TL;DR: Crystallographic, spectroscopic, directed mutagenesis, and kinetic studies showed that these 'hybrid' properties of VP are due to the coexistence in a single protein of different catalytic sites reminiscent of those present in the other basidiomycete peroxidase families.
Journal ArticleDOI
Degradation of aflatoxin B1 by fungal laccase enzymes
TL;DR: The enzymatic degradation of aflatoxin B(1) by white rot fungi through laccase production was investigated in different liquid media and could be an important bio-control measure to reduce the level of this mycotoxin in food commodities.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Enzymatic combustion: the microbial degradation of lignin
T K Kirk,Roberta L. Farrell +1 more
TL;DR: This paper presents a meta-analyses of IGNIN as a stimulus and its applications in medicine and physiology, and discusses the role that IGNIN plays in the development of disease and its role in medicine.
Journal ArticleDOI
Rapid preparation of DNA from filamentous fungi
U. Raeder,P. Broda +1 more
TL;DR: A general, simple and inexpensive method for the isolation of DNA from filamentous fungi, starting from freeze‐dried mycelium 01–015% by weight, which allows the processing of many samples in parallel.
Journal ArticleDOI
The genome sequence of the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa
James E. Galagan,Sarah E. Calvo,Katherine A. Borkovich,Eric U. Selker,Nick O. Read,David B. Jaffe,William Fitzhugh,Li-Jun Ma,Serge Smirnov,Seth Purcell,Bushra Rehman,Timothy Elkins,Reinhard Engels,Shunguang Wang,Cydney B. Nielsen,Jonathan Butler,Matthew G. Endrizzi,Dayong Qui,Peter Ianakiev,Deborah Bell-Pedersen,Mary Anne Nelson,Margaret Werner-Washburne,Claude P. Selitrennikoff,John A. Kinsey,Edward L. Braun,Alex Zelter,Alex Zelter,Ulrich Schulte,Gregory O. Kothe,Gregory Jedd,Werner Mewes,Chuck Staben,Edward M. Marcotte,David Greenberg,Alice Roy,Karen Foley,Jerome Naylor,Nicole Stange-Thomann,Robert Barrett,Sante Gnerre,Michael Kamal,Manolis Kamvysselis,Evan Mauceli,Cord Bielke,Stephen Rudd,Dmitrij Frishman,Svetlana Krystofova,Carolyn G. Rasmussen,Robert L. Metzenberg,David D. Perkins,Scott Kroken,Carlo Cogoni,Giuseppe Macino,David E. A. Catcheside,Weixi Li,Robert J. Pratt,Stephen A. Osmani,Colin P.C. DeSouza,Louise Glass,Marc J. Orbach,J. Andrew Berglund,Rodger B. Voelker,Oded Yarden,Michael Plamann,Stephan Seiler,Jay C. Dunlap,Alan Radford,Rodolfo Aramayo,Donald O. Natvig,Lisa A. Alex,Gertrud Mannhaupt,Daniel J. Ebbole,Michael Freitag,Ian T. Paulsen,Matthew S. Sachs,Eric S. Lander,Chad Nusbaum,Bruce W. Birren +77 more
TL;DR: A high-quality draft sequence of the N. crassa genome is reported, suggesting that RIP has had a profound impact on genome evolution, greatly slowing the creation of new genes through genomic duplication and resulting in a genome with an unusually low proportion of closely related genes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Lignin chemistry—past, present and future
TL;DR: Later development, beginning with the dehydrogenation theory and experimental studies on the de-hydrogenative polymerization of p-hydroxycinnamyl alcohols, is reviewed in this article.