Journal ArticleDOI
Epigenetic codes in cognition and behaviour.
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TLDR
Recent findings on the role and mechanisms of epigenetic codes in the brain are described, and their implication in synaptic plasticity, cognitive functions and psychiatric disorders are discussed.About:
This article is published in Behavioural Brain Research.The article was published on 2008-09-01. It has received 260 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Epigenetic code & Epigenetics.read more
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DNA Methylation in Neurodegenerative and Cerebrovascular Disorders.
Olaia Martínez-Iglesias,Iván Carrera,Juan C. Carril,Lucía Fernández-Novoa,Natalia Cacabelos,Ramón Cacabelos +5 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that the use of global methylation and hydroxymethylation levels, together with the study of DNMT3a expression, could be useful as a new diagnostic biomarker for these prevalent disorders.
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Transcriptional and epigenetic mechanisms underlying astrocyte identity.
Maria Angeliki S. Pavlou,Luc Grandbarbe,Noel J. Buckley,Simone P. Niclou,Alessandro Michelucci +4 more
TL;DR: It is proposed that unravelling the epigenetic and transcriptional mechanisms underlying the acquisition of astrocyte identity and plasticity, as well as understanding how these processes are modulated by the local microenvironment under specific threatening or pathological conditions, may pave the way to new therapeutic avenues for several neurological disorders including neurodegenerative diseases and brain tumors ofAstrocytic lineage.
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Enhanced memory persistence is blocked by a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor in the snail Lymnaea stagnalis
Ken Lukowiak,Benjamin Heckler,Thomas E. Bennett,Ellen K. Schriner,Kathryn Wyrick,Cynthia Jewett,Ryan P. Todd,Barbara A. Sorg +7 more
TL;DR: These studies lay important groundwork for delineating gene methylation changes that are common to persistent memory produced by different stimuli, suggesting that these four stimuli enhance memory persistence by increasing DNA methyltransferase activity, which, in turn, increases expression of memory-enhancing genes and/or inhibits memory suppressor genes.
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Genetic architecture, epigenetic influence and environment exposure in the pathogenesis of Autism
TL;DR: It has long been suspected that epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, chromatin structures and long non-coding RNAs may play important roles in the pathology of ASD.
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The influence of DNA sequence on epigenome-induced pathologies
TL;DR: The hypothesis that genotypes predispose the likelihood of displaying various epitypes, but for only a few classes of epitype, is explored, which suggests that renewed efforts are needed in identifying polymorphic DNA sequences that determine variable nucleosome positioning and DNA methylation as the primary cause of inherited epigenome-induced pathologies.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
A synaptic model of memory: long-term potentiation in the hippocampus
TL;DR: The best understood form of long-term potentiation is induced by the activation of the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor complex, which allows electrical events at the postsynaptic membrane to be transduced into chemical signals which, in turn, are thought to activate both pre- and post Synaptic mechanisms to generate a persistent increase in synaptic strength.
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Chromatin Modifications and Their Function
TL;DR: The surface of nucleosomes is studded with a multiplicity of modifications that can dictate the higher-order chromatin structure in which DNA is packaged and can orchestrate the ordered recruitment of enzyme complexes to manipulate DNA.
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Translating the Histone Code
Thomas Jenuwein,C. David Allis +1 more
TL;DR: It is proposed that this epigenetic marking system represents a fundamental regulatory mechanism that has an impact on most, if not all, chromatin-templated processes, with far-reaching consequences for cell fate decisions and both normal and pathological development.
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DNA methylation patterns and epigenetic memory
TL;DR: The heritability of methylation states and the secondary nature of the decision to invite or exclude methylation support the idea that DNA methylation is adapted for a specific cellular memory function in development.
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Epigenetic regulation of gene expression: how the genome integrates intrinsic and environmental signals
Rudolf Jaenisch,Adrian Bird +1 more
TL;DR: Advances in the understanding of the mechanism and role of DNA methylation in biological processes are reviewed, showing that epigenetic mechanisms seem to allow an organism to respond to the environment through changes in gene expression.