Journal ArticleDOI
Epileptic spasms: a variety of etiologies and associated syndromes.
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TLDR
The results of the current series show a relationship between structural abnormalities on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and resultant epileptic spasms, which has further implications regarding surgical treatment of these seizures as opposed to the traditional treatment with anticonvulsants, to which epilept spasms remain refractory.Abstract:
Epileptic spasms have been described as a paroxysmal epileptic seizure type that consists of a series of motor movements, involving sudden flexion or extension predominantly of axial and/or proximal limb muscles, occurring with a noticeable periodicity, outside the age of infantile spasms, but have otherwise not been well characterized or described. The purpose of this study was to evaluate patients with epileptic spasms to describe the etiology and best treatment regimen for this seizure type. Twenty-eight children fit the selection criteria for this study, and their charts and electroencephalography (EEG) results were reviewed. Data regarding onset of seizures, characteristics of seizures, duration of seizures, activity at onset, treatments tried and/or failed, genetic or metabolic workup, and results of any imaging studies were collected. The results indicate that the genetic and metabolic workups that were done were most often negative or unrevealing. In addition, treatment regimens varied greatly from patient to patient, and it is evident that these seizures are refractory to many standard anticonvulsants, as well as the ketogenic diet. The results of imaging from this series point to a variety of structural abnormalities that could possibly explain a structural versus metabolic etiology for epileptic spasms. In conclusion, epileptic spasms remain an elusive seizure type to classify, diagnose, and treat. The results of the current series show a relationship between structural abnormalities on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and resultant epileptic spasms, which has further implications regarding surgical treatment of these seizures as opposed to the traditional treatment with anticonvulsants, to which epileptic spasms remain refractory.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Revised Terminology and Concepts for Organization of Seizures and Epilepsies: Report of the ILAE Commission on Classification and Terminology, 2005-2009
Anne T. Berg,Anne T. Berg,Samuel F. Berkovic,Martin J. Brodie,Jeffrey Buchhalter,J. Helen Cross,Walter van Emde Boas,Jerome Engel,Jacqueline A. French,Tracy A. Glauser,Gary W. Mathern,Solomon L. Moshé,Douglas R. Nordli,Perrine Plouin,Ingrid E. Scheffer +14 more
TL;DR: The International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) Commission on Classification and Terminology has revised concepts, terminology, and approaches for classifying seizures and forms of epilepsy.
Journal ArticleDOI
Infantile spams without hypsarrhythmia: a study of 16 cases.
Roberto Caraballo,Víctor Ruggieri,Gabriel González,Ricardo Cersósimo,Beatriz Gamboni,Andrea Rey,Juan Carlos Pérez Poveda,Bernardo Dalla Bernardina +7 more
TL;DR: The patients with epileptic spasms in clusters without hypsarrhythmia and with or without focal or generalized paroxysmal discharges on the interictal EEG are considered to have a variant of West syndrome rather than an electroclinically distinct epileptic syndrome.
Journal ArticleDOI
Rufinamide for the treatment of epileptic spasms
Heather E. Olson,Tobias Loddenkemper,Martina Vendrame,Annapurna Poduri,Masanori Takeoka,Ann M. Bergin,Mark H. Libenson,Frank H. Duffy,Alexander Rotenberg,David L. Coulter,Blaise F. D. Bourgeois,Sanjeev V. Kothare +11 more
TL;DR: Rufinamide appears to be a well-tolerated and efficacious adjunctive therapeutic option for children with epileptic spasms.
Journal ArticleDOI
Epileptic spasms in clusters and associated syndromes other than West syndrome: A study of 48 patients.
Roberto Caraballo,Sebastian Fortini,Gabriela Reyes,Aliria Carpio Ruiz,Salvador Vazquez Sanchez Fuentes,Belen Ramos +5 more
TL;DR: This study shows two subgroups of children with ESWoH that had a well-defined electroclinical syndrome predominantly in infancy, and in the second subgroup ES was one more seizure type associated with an epileptic encephalopathy other than West syndrome predominantly occurring in childhood.
Journal ArticleDOI
Epileptic spasms in tuberous sclerosis complex
TL;DR: Epileptic spasms occurring after the age of two years in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), particularly treatment response to vigabatrin (VGB), which is extremely effective for infantile spasms (IS) in TSC, are characterized.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Maturation of respiration in prematures and young infants.
Journal Article
Periodic spasms an unclassified type of epileptic seizure in childhood
Giuseppe Gobbi,Antonella Pini,Antonia Parmeggiani,M. Santucci,Paola Rossi,Carlo Alberto Tassinari +5 more
Journal ArticleDOI
Periodic Spasms: An Unclassified Type Of Epileptic Seizure In Childhood
TL;DR: Seven boys aged between 14 months and 13 years with focal or multifocal partial epilepsy had very unusual seizures, characterized by series of periodic bilateral spasms, document the existence of a rare form of seizure or epileptic event.
Journal ArticleDOI
Clinical and Electrographic Features of Epileptic Spasms Persisting Beyond the Second Year of Life
TL;DR: This research sought to characterize this unique population of epileptic spasms persisting beyond infancy further and to describe the electroclinical features of the patients.
Journal ArticleDOI
Epileptic Spasms in Older Children: Persistence Beyond Infancy
TL;DR: It is concluded that spasms occur in older children with intractable mixed seizure disorders and may persist beyond infancy, similar to infantile spasms.
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