Epistemology and Sociology
About: This article is published in British Journal of Sociology.The article was published on 1970-12-01. It has received 11 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Epistemology of Wikipedia & Social epistemology.
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05 Dec 2010
TL;DR: What makes an ontology different in Modeling and Simulation (M&S) from other disciplines is established, vis-a-vis, the necessity to capture a conceptual model of a system in an explicit, unambiguous, and machine readable form.
Abstract: This paper establishes what makes an ontology different in Modeling and Simulation (M&S) from other disciplines, vis-a-vis, the necessity to capture a conceptual model of a system in an explicit, unambiguous, and machine readable form. Unlike other disciplines where ontologies are used, such as Information Systems and Medicine, ontologies in M&S do not depart from a set of requirements but from a research question which is contingent on a modeler. Thus, the semiotic triangle is used to present that different implemented ontologies are representations of different conceptual models whose commonality depends on which research question is being asked. Ontologies can be applied to better capture the modeler's perspective. The elicitation of ontological, epistemological, and teleological considerations is suggested. These considerations may lead to better differentiation between conceptualizations, which for a computer are of importance for use, reuse and composability of models and interoperability of simulations.
37 citations
Cites background from "Epistemology and Sociology"
...According to Kienzle (1970), the concern of ontology is with reality: what are things made of, how many different kinds of things are there, what is the relation between mind and matter?...
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DOI•
01 Jan 2009
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors developed a philosophical profile of the individual (PPI) that uses epistemology, ontology, and teleology as underlying dimensions of philosophical predispositions.
Abstract: DEVELOPING A PHILOSOPHICAL PROFILE OF THE INDIVIDUAL FOR COMPLEX PROBLEM-SOLVING THROUGH AGENT-BASED MODELING Ipek Bozkurt Old Dominion University, 2009 Director: Dr. Andres Sousa-Poza Research that focuses on the emotional, mental, behavioral and cognitive capabilities of individuals has been abundant within disciplines such as psychology, sociology, and anthropology, among others. The main argument made in this dissertation, however, is that a different perspective is necessary in order to gain insight about individuals when facing the complex problems that are presented within engineering and management disciplines. This is done by developing the Philosophical Profile of the Individual (PPI) that uses epistemology, ontology and teleology as underlying dimensions of philosophical predispositions. The epistemology dimension considers whether an individual is an Empiricist or a Rationalist, the ontology dimension consists of the Substantive and Process predispositions, and the teleology dimension represents whether the individual is goal-oriented or not. By using these three dimensions, researchers may understand how an individual chooses to acquire knowledge about a certain problem, how an individual defines a problem and how the purpose towards a certain future is obtained. Through a Rationalist Deductive Methodology, and the use of Agent-Based Modeling as a tool, insight is gained on how different individuals with different philosophical profiles deal with complex problems, which are defined in terms of the amount of available information, stability, ambiguity, number of entities, and temporal constraints.
20 citations
Cites background from "Epistemology and Sociology"
...Ontology has been associated with religion (Sontag, 1956) and metaphysics (Kienzle, 1970; Sontag, 1956)....
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the reasons for the relative lack of epistemological concern in anthropology until recent times and its current vogue, and a grid is presented for judging the philosophical position of fieldworkers.
Abstract: Fieldwork is anthropology's primary data-gathering device, providing a boundary marker from related disciplines. Since data obtained through fieldwork form the bases of anthropological theory, it is crucial that their truth value be analyzed. The paper discusses reasons for both the relative lack of epistemological concern in anthropology until recent times and its current vogue. The empirical foundations of fieldwork are examined and a grid is presented for judging the philosophical position of fieldworkers. Application of the methods suggested is illustrated by a case study of missionary/anthropologist field interaction. Finally, an argument is outlined against both rationalism and phenomenology as being antiscientific. These last two positions are seen as the logical result of anthropology's neglect of epistemology. [epistemology, fieldwork, methodology, recurrent relationships, empiricism]
18 citations
References
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Book•
01 Jan 1890
TL;DR: For instance, the authors discusses the multiplicity of the consciousness of self in the form of the stream of thought and the perception of space in the human brain, which is the basis for our work.
Abstract: Arguably the greatest single work in the history of psychology. James's analyses of habit, the nature of emotion, the phenomenology of attention, the stream of thought, the perception of space, and the multiplicity of the consciousness of self are still widely cited and incorporated into contemporary theoretical accounts of these phenomena.
14,049 citations
Book•
14 Oct 2020
TL;DR: In this article, Fields has given us a splendid new translation of the greatest work of sociology ever written, one we will not be embarrassed to assign to our students, in addition she has written a brilliant and profound introduction.
Abstract: "Karen Fields has given us a splendid new translation of the greatest work of sociology ever written, one we will not be embarrassed to assign to our students. In addition she has written a brilliant and profound introduction. The publication of this translation is an occasion for general celebration, for a veritable 'collective effervescence.' -- Robert N. Bellah Co-author of Habits of the Heart, and editor of Emile Durkheim on Morality and Society "This superb new translation finally allows non-French speaking American readers fully to appreciate Durkheim's genius. It is a labor of love for which all scholars must be grateful." --Lewis A. Coser
5,158 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1902
TL;DR: Human Nature and the Social Order as discussed by the authors is a sociological treatise on American culture, where Cooley concludes that the social order cannot be imposed from outside human nature but that it arises from the self.
Abstract: This work remains a pioneer sociological treatise on American culture. By understanding the individual not as the product of society but as its mirror image, Cooley concludes that the social order cannot be imposed from outside human nature but that it arises from the self. Cooley stimulated pedagogical inquiry into the dynamics of society with the publication of Human Nature and the Social Order in 1902. Human Nature and the Social Order is something more than an admirable ethical treatise. It is also a classic work on the process of social communication as the "very stuff" of which the self is made.
4,656 citations
01 Jan 2018
TL;DR: For instance, the authors discusses the multiplicity of the consciousness of self in the form of the stream of thought and the perception of space in the human brain, which is the basis for our work.
Abstract: Arguably the greatest single work in the history of psychology. James's analyses of habit, the nature of emotion, the phenomenology of attention, the stream of thought, the perception of space, and the multiplicity of the consciousness of self are still widely cited and incorporated into contemporary theoretical accounts of these phenomena.
1,414 citations