Error-Free 320-Gb/s All-Optical Wavelength Conversion Using a Single Semiconductor Optical Amplifier
26 Mar 2007-Vol. 25, Iss: 1, pp 103-108
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors demonstrate error-free wavelength conversion at 320 Gb/s by employing a semiconductor optical amplifier that fully recovers in 56 ps. Error-free operation is achieved without using forward error correction technology.
Abstract: We demonstrate error-free wavelength conversion at 320 Gb/s by employing a semiconductor optical amplifier that fully recovers in 56 ps. Error-free operation is achieved without using forward error correction technology. We employ optical filtering to select the blue sideband of the spectrum of the probe light, to utilize fast chirp dynamics introduced by the amplifier, and to overcome the slow gain recovery. This leads to an effective recovery time of less than 1.8 ps for the wavelength converter. The wavelength converter has a simple configuration and is implemented by using fiber-pigtailed components. The concept allows photonic integration
Citations
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University of Pavia1, University of Southampton2, Keio University3, Huazhong University of Science and Technology4, Peking University5, The Catholic University of America6, University of Notre Dame7, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur8, University of Southern California9, King Saud University10, Chalmers University of Technology11, University of Strathclyde12, Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies13, University of Twente14, University College London15, University of California, Santa Barbara16, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne17, University of Copenhagen18, University of Sydney19, Nippon Telegraph and Telephone20, National Institute of Informatics21, Max Planck Society22, University of Bath23
TL;DR: The Roadmap is organized so as to put side by side contributions on different aspects of optical processing, aiming to enhance the cross-contamination of ideas between scientists working in three different fields of photonics: optical gates and logical units, high bit-rate signal processing and optical quantum computing.
Abstract: The ability to process optical signals without passing into the electrical domain has always attracted the attention of the research community. Processing photons by photons unfolds new scenarios, in principle allowing for unseen signal processing and computing capabilities. Optical computation can be seen as a large scientific field in which researchers operate, trying to find solutions to their specific needs by different approaches; although the challenges can be substantially different, they are typically addressed using knowledge and technological platforms that are shared across the whole field. This significant know-how can also benefit other scientific communities, providing lateral solutions to their problems, as well as leading to novel applications. The aim of this Roadmap is to provide a broad view of the state-of-the-art in this lively scientific research field and to discuss the advances required to tackle emerging challenges, thanks to contributions authored by experts affiliated to both academic institutions and high-tech industries. The Roadmap is organized so as to put side by side contributions on different aspects of optical processing, aiming to enhance the cross-contamination of ideas between scientists working in three different fields of photonics: optical gates and logical units, high bit-rate signal processing and optical quantum computing. The ultimate intent of this paper is to provide guidance for young scientists as well as providing research-funding institutions and stake holders with a comprehensive overview of perspectives and opportunities offered by this research field.
142 citations
24 Oct 2018
TL;DR: In this article, the authors demonstrate enhanced four-wave mixing (FWM) in doped silica waveguides integrated with graphene oxide (GO) layers, achieving up to ∼9.5dB enhancement in the FWM conversion efficiency for a 1.5-cm-long waveguide integrated with 2 layers of GO.
Abstract: We demonstrate enhanced four-wave mixing (FWM) in doped silica waveguides integrated with graphene oxide (GO) layers. Owing to strong mode overlap between the integrated waveguides and GO films that have a high Kerr nonlinearity and low loss, the FWM efficiency of the hybrid integrated waveguides is significantly improved. We perform FWM measurements for different pump powers, wavelength detuning, GO coating lengths, and number of GO layers. Our experimental results show good agreement with theory, achieving up to ∼9.5-dB enhancement in the FWM conversion efficiency for a 1.5-cm-long waveguide integrated with 2 layers of GO. We show theoretically that for different waveguide geometries an enhancement in FWM efficiency of ∼20 dB can be obtained in the doped silica waveguides and more than 30 dB in silicon nanowires and slot waveguides. This demonstrates the effectiveness of introducing GO films into integrated photonic devices in order to enhance the performance of nonlinear optical processes.
129 citations
TL;DR: The authors review recent advances in slow-light-based optical signal processing, with a focus on the data fidelity after traversing the slow light elements, and propose and experimentally demonstrate phase-preserving slow light by delaying 10 Gb/s differential phase-shift keying signals with reduced DPSK pattern dependence.
Abstract: Tunable optical delay lines have many applications for high-performance optical switching and signal processing. Slow light has emerged as an enabling technology for achieving continuously tunable optical delays. Delay reconfigurability opens up a whole new field of nonlinear signal processing using slow light. In this paper, the authors review recent advances in slow-light-based optical signal processing, with a focus on the data fidelity after traversing the slow light elements. The concept of slow-light-induced data pattern dependence is introduced and is shown to be the main signal degrading effect. We then propose and experimentally demonstrate phase-preserving slow light by delaying 10 Gb/s differential phase-shift keying (DPSK) signals with reduced DPSK pattern dependence. Spectrally efficient slow light using advanced multilevel phase-modulated formats is further described. With this technique, doubled bit-rate signals can be transmitted through a bandwidth-limited slow light element. We finally show several novel slow-light-based signal processing modules. Unique features such as multichannel operation, variable bit-rate capability, and simultaneous multiple functions are highlighted.
99 citations
Cites background from "Error-Free 320-Gb/s All-Optical Wav..."
...Both 10- and 2.5-Gb/s DPSK signals have been demodulated and delayed with good performances....
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...11 (right) shows the measured delay of a 10.7-Gb/s NRZDPSK signal with 0 dBm power under an 8-GHz SBS gain bandwidth....
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...As a result, Liu et al. have shown via simulation that 160-Gb/s DPSK signals can be delayed using the OPA-based slow light [15]....
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...The achieved 42 ps delay of a 10.7-Gb/s NRZ-DPSK signal corresponds to a fractional delay of 45%....
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...By simple control of the slow light knob for producing either 200 ps or 100 ps delay, we could effectively multiplex either two 2.5-Gb/s or two 5-Gb/s data streams, respectively....
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TL;DR: All-optical wavelength conversion of a 640-Gbit/s line-rate return-to-zero differential phase-shift keying signal based on low-power four wave mixing (FWM) in a silicon photonic chip with a switching energy of only ~110 fJ/bit is demonstrated.
Abstract: We have successfully demonstrated all-optical wavelength conversion of a 640-Gbit/s line-rate return-to-zero differential phase-shift keying (RZ-DPSK) signal based on low-power four wave mixing (FWM) in a silicon photonic chip with a switching energy of only ~110 fJ/bit. The waveguide dispersion of the silicon nanowire is nano-engineered to optimize phase matching for FWM and the switching power used for the signal processing is low enough to reduce nonlinear absorption from two-photon-absorption (TPA). These results demonstrate that high-speed wavelength conversion is achievable in silicon chips with high data integrity and indicate that high-speed operation can be obtained at moderate power levels where nonlinear absorption due to TPA and free-carrier absorption (FCA) is not detrimental. This demonstration can potentially enable high-speed optical networks on a silicon photonic chip.
89 citations
TL;DR: This work reports the first demonstration of polarisation insensitive all-optical wavelength conversion (AOWC) for single wavelength channel 640 Gbit/s return-to-zero differential-phase-shift-keying (RZ-DPSK) signal and 1.28 T Bit/s polarisation multiplexed RZ- DPSK signals using a 100-m polarisation-maintaining highly nonlinear fiber (PM-HNLF).
Abstract: We report the first demonstration of polarisation insensitive all-optical wavelength conversion (AOWC) for single wavelength channel 640 Gbit/s return-to-zero differential-phase-shift-keying (RZ-DPSK) signal and 1.28 Tbit/s polarisation multiplexed (Pol-Mux) RZ-DPSK signals using a 100-m polarisation-maintaining highly nonlinear fiber (PM-HNLF) in a polarisation diversity loop configuration. The AOWC is based on four-wave mixing in PM-HNLF. Error free performance is achieved for the wavelength converted signals. Less than 0.5 dB polarisation sensitivity is obtained.
89 citations
References
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TL;DR: In this article, the influence of saturation filtering on the bandwidth of the converters is explained and conditions for conversion at 20 Gb/s or more are identified for monolithic integrated interferometric wavelength converters.
Abstract: Following a brief introduction to the applications for wavelength conversion and the different available conversion techniques, the paper gives an in depth analysis of cross gain and cross phase wavelength conversion in semiconductor optical amplifiers. The influence of saturation filtering on the bandwidth of the converters is explained and conditions for conversion at 20 Gb/s or more are identified. The cross gain modulation scheme shows extinction ratio degradation for conversion to longer wavelengths. This can be overcome using cross phase modulation in semiconductor optical amplifiers that are integrated into interferometric structures. The first results for monolithic integrated interferometric wavelength converters are reviewed, and the quality of the converted signals is demonstrated by transmission of 10 Gb/s converted signals over 60 km of nondispersion shifted single mode fiber.
855 citations
TL;DR: Recent advances in developing nonlinear optical techniques for processing serial digital information at high speed are reviewed and expected to become important in future high-capacity communications networks.
Abstract: Recent advances in developing nonlinear optical techniques for processing serial digital information at high speed are reviewed. The field has been transformed by the advent of semiconductor nonlinear devices capable of operation at 100 gigabits per second and higher, well beyond the current speed limits of commercial electronics. These devices are expected to become important in future high-capacity communications networks by allowing digital regeneration and other processing functions to be performed on data signals “on the fly” in the optical domain.
577 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an error-free and pattern-independent wavelength conversion at 160 Gb/s was demonstrated using an optical bandpass filter (OBF) placed at the amplifier output.
Abstract: Error-free and pattern-independent wavelength conversion at 160 Gb/s is demonstrated. The wavelength converter utilizes a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) with a recovery time greater than 90 ps and an optical bandpass filter (OBF) placed at the amplifier output. This paper shows that an OBF with a central wavelength that is blue shifted compared to the central wavelength of the converted signal shortens the recovery time of the wavelength converter to 3 ps. The wavelength converter is constructed by using commercially available fiber-pigtailed components. It has a simple configuration and allows photonic integration.
214 citations
NEC1
TL;DR: In this paper, a symmetric-Mach-Zehnder (SMZ)-type switch was used to achieve error-free all-optical wavelength conversion at 168 Gb/s, which is the highest repetition rate ever reported.
Abstract: Error-free all-optical wavelength conversion at 168 Gb/s, which is the highest repetition rate ever reported, has been achieved by using a symmetric-Mach-Zehnder (SMZ)-type switch. Low-power-penalty 84-Gb/s operation is also demonstrated. The push-pull switching mechanism of the SMZ switch enables such ultrafast operation based on cross-phase modulation associated with the carrier depletion in a semiconductor optical amplifier. The configuration of the delayed-interference signal-wavelength converter, which is a simplified variant of the SMZ switch, is used in this experiment.
190 citations
"Error-Free 320-Gb/s All-Optical Wav..." refers background in this paper
...It has been demonstrated in [9] that a wavelength converter based on a delay-interferometric configuration can achieve 168 Gb/s, and this approach also allows photonic inte-...
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TL;DR: In this paper, pump-probe measurements on bulk InGaAsP optical amplifiers are compared with numerical calculations based on simplified density matrix equations, and the gain dynamics is well described by the combined effect of carrier heating, spectral hole burning, and two-photon absorption.
Abstract: Pump‐probe measurements on bulk InGaAsP optical amplifiers are compared with numerical calculations based on simplified density matrix equations. We find that the gain dynamics is well described by the combined effect of carrier heating, spectral holeburning, and two‐photon absorption.
189 citations