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Journal ArticleDOI

Estimation of total flavonoid content in propolis by two complementary colorimetric methods

14 Jul 2020-Journal of Food and Drug Analysis (JOURNAL OF FOOD AND DRUG ANALYSIS)-Vol. 10, Iss: 3, pp 178-182
TL;DR: In this article, two complementary colorimetric methods, aluminum chloride method and 2,4-dini trophenylhydrazine method, were used to determine the real content of total flavonoids in propolis.
About: This article is published in Journal of Food and Drug Analysis.The article was published on 2020-07-14. It has received 3899 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Propolis.
Citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, several honey samples (27) from Burkina Faso were analyzed to determine their total phenolic, flavonoid and proline contents as well as their radical scavenging activity.

1,850 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the relative antioxidant activity in selected Iranian medicinal plant species' extracts was determined spectrophotometrically, and the highest radical scavenging effect was observed in Mellilotus officinalis with IC50 = 0.018 mg ml −1.
Abstract: In present study, we carried out a systematic record of the relative antioxidant activity in selected Iranian medicinal plant species' extracts. The total phenol varied from 24.1 ± 1 to 289.5 ± 5 mg g -1 in the extracts. Flavonoid contents were between 25.15 ± 0.8 and 78.3 ± 4.5 mg g-1. 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging effect of the extracts was determined spectrophotometrically. The highest radical scavenging effect was observed in Mellilotus officinalis with IC50 = 0.018 mg ml –1. The potency of radical scavenging effect of M. officinalis extract was about 4 times greater than synthetic antioxidant butylated hydroxy toluene (BHT). The greater amount of phenolic compounds leads to morepotent radical scavenging effect as shown by M. officinalis extract

1,029 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review intends to offer a critical evaluation of existing antioxidant assays applied to phenolics, and reports the development of a simple and low-cost antioxidant capacity assay for dietary polyphenols, vitamins C and E, and human serum antioxidants, which is named the CUPRAC (cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity) method.
Abstract: It would be desirable to establish and standardize methods that can measure the total antioxidant capacity level directly from vegetable extracts containing phenolics. Antioxidant capacity assays may be broadly classified as electron transfer (ET)- and hydrogen atom transfer (HAT)-based assays. The majority of HAT assays are kinetics-based, and involve a competitive reaction scheme in which antioxidant and substrate compete for peroxyl radicals thermally generated through the decomposition of azo compounds. ET-based assays measure the capacity of an antioxidant in the reduction of an oxidant, which changes colour when reduced. ET assays include the ABTS/TEAC, CUPRAC, DPPH, Folin-Ciocalteu and FRAP methods, each using different chromogenic redox reagents with different standard potentials. This review intends to offer a critical evaluation of existing antioxidant assays applied to phenolics, and reports the development by our research group of a simple and low-cost antioxidant capacity assay for dietary polyphenols, vitamins C and E, and human serum antioxidants, utilizing the copper(II)-neocuproine reagent as the chromogenic oxidizing agent, which we haved named the CUPRAC (cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity) method. This method offers distinct advantages over other ET-based assays, namely the selection of working pH at physiological pH (as opposed to the Folin and FRAP methods, which work at alkaline and acidic pHs, respectively), applicability to both hydrophilic and lipophilic antioxidants (unlike Folin and DPPH), completion of the redox reactions for most common flavonoids (unlike FRAP), selective oxidation of antioxidant compounds without affecting sugars and citric acid commonly contained in foodstuffs and the capability to assay -SH bearing antioxidants (unlike FRAP). Other similar ET-based antioxidant assays that we have developed or modified for phenolics are the Fe(III)- and Ce(IV)-reducing capacity methods.

921 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The highest total phenolic content was observed in mulberry (1515.9 ± 5.7 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/100 g fresh matter (FM) among four selected fruit species as discussed by the authors.

773 citations

References
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Although reports of allergic reactions are not uncommon, propolis is relatively non-toxic, with a no-effect level (NOEL) in a 90-mouse study of 1400 mg/kg body weight/day.

1,516 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The therapeutic efficacy of propolis in treating diseases caused by microorganisms is described and some recent concepts about propolis and its use in medicine are presented.
Abstract: Summary — The plant sources and chemical composition of propolis are reviewed. The chemical constituents that may be relevant to its biological and therapeutic activity are discussed. The cytotoxic activity and antimicrobial and pharmacological properties of propolis are presented. Propolis components, which cause allergy and are responsible for anticancer activity, eg, caffeic acid derivatives, are reported. The therapeutic efficacy of propolis in treating diseases caused by microorganisms is described. Some recent concepts about propolis and its use in medicine are presented.

1,231 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It seems that propolis has general pharmacological value as a natural mixture and not as a source of new powerful antimicrobial, antifungal and antiviral compounds.

1,022 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Estimation of the content of total phenolic substances, flavonoids, waxes, ash, volatile substances and dry residue be used as parameters to characterize samples of crude propolis and tinctures.
Abstract: SUMMARYA set of parameters and respective procedures for the establishment of chemical profiles of samples of tinctures and crude propolis is presented. It is proposed that estimations of the content of total phenolic substances, flavonoids, waxes, ash, volatile substances and dry residue be used as parameters to characterize samples of crude propolis. For tinctures, the estimations of total phenolic substances, flavonoids, waxes, specific gravity and ethanol are proposed. Total phenolic substances and flavonoids are measured by spectrophotometric methods, waxes gravimetrically and ethanol by gas chromatography. The accuracy of the spectrophotometric procedures was tested by assaying a mixture with a known composition of phenolic acids and flavonoids. The use of the procedures is exemplified by the analyses of six samples of crude propolis from different localities in Brazil and of tinctures prepared with absolute and 70% aqueous ethanol. The contents of total phenolic substances, flavonoids, waxes and vo...

1,011 citations

Trending Questions (1)
What affects total flavonoid content in propolis?

The total flavonoid content in propolis can vary depending on the type of propolis and the method used for extraction and quantification.