Estimation of Zwitterionic Surfactant Response in Electroless Composite Coating and Properties of Ni–P–CuO (Nano)Coating
01 Feb 2019-Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering (Springer Berlin Heidelberg)-Vol. 44, Iss: 2, pp 821-828
TL;DR: In this article, Zwitterionic surfactant was introduced into the composite coating for the first time to increase the suspension of nanoparticles effectively during the coating process, which reduced the intermolecular attraction between the solid and liquid interfaces and eliminated the binding of the nanoparticles with the hydrogen gas bubbles.
Abstract: Electroless Ni–P and Ni–P–CuO coating on mild steel was developed successfully with the addition of Zwitterionic surfactant. The usage of nano-CuO in electroless coating was intermittent though the cost is low with high catalytic activity. Zwitterionic surfactant was introduced into the composite coating for the first time to increase the suspension of nanoparticles effectively during the coating process. Surfactant helps to reduce the intermolecular attraction between the solid and liquid interfaces and hence binding of nanoparticles with the hydrogen gas bubbles was eliminated. Also agglomeration of nanoparticles was controlled by stirring the electrolyte continuously using magnetic stirrer. The characterization and tribological properties were tested for the newly developed composites. Scanning electron microscope micrograph reveals the deposits are produced without any defects and the presence of CuO nanoparticles in the deposit. Energy-dispersive spectroscopy measurement shows the changes of weight percentage of elements available in the substrate. The surface roughness of the deposit was improved with the addition of CuO, it packs the gap between two grains and offers smooth finish and as the result the surface properties are modified. Microhardness of the substrate was improved for the substrate added with nano-CuO. The corrosion resistance of the substrate was improved when compared to the substrate produced using electroless Ni–P binary coating. Zwitterionic surfactant reduces the agglomeration of nanoparticles during chemical reaction and allows the particles to coat only on the target. Similarly, this technique can be implemented in the production of other composites in electroless coatings.
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References
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TL;DR: The development of metal deposition processes based on electroless nickel, alloy and composite coatings on various surfaces has witnessed a surge in interest among researchers, with many recent applications made possible from many excellent properties as mentioned in this paper.
680 citations
TL;DR: In this article, hardness and wear resistance of two types of electroless coating have been investigated including Ni-P and Ni−P-Al 2 O 3 coatings, which were applied on AISI 1045 steel discs by electroless deposition process and then they were heat treated at 200, 400 and 600°C for 1h.
164 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a Ni-P-CNT composite coating was successfully deposited on the surface of copper by electroless plating and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize the coatings.
137 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the amount of SiO 2 nano-particles co-deposited in the Ni-P matrix was around 2.5 to 8.5% phosphorus and the X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of Ni−P/nano-SiO 2 coating was very similar to that of plain electroless Ni·P coating, whose structure was also amorphous.
130 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of added surfactants in the acidic hypophosphite plating baths on the properties of the resulting electroless nickel−phosphorus (Ni−P) deposits on the brass substrates were studied.
Abstract: Effects of added surfactants in the acidic hypophosphite plating baths on the properties of the resulting electroless nickel−phosphorus (Ni−P) deposits on the brass substrates were studied. The surface appearance and microstructures were examined under a reflective optical microscope and a scanning electron microscope equipped with an in situ energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy with which the phosphorus contents were measured. The deposition rate and the corrosion rate of the Ni−P deposits were estimated respectively from the weight gains and losses after a period of time. It is found that the addition of suitable amounts of surfactants can increase the deposition rate up to 25% and reduce the formation of the pores on the surface of Ni−P alloys, as well as enhance the corrosion resistance of the deposits. The corrosion rate of the Ni−P alloys in 10 wt % HCl was determined. The corresponding corrosion rate fits well as an empirical power function having an order of near 1/3 in the amount of dissolved Ni−...
88 citations