Estrogenic Activities of 517 Chemicals by Yeast Two-Hybrid Assay
Tsutomu Nishihara,Jun-ichi Nishikawa,Tomohiko Kanayama,Fumi Dakeyama,Koichi Saito,Masayoshi Imagawa,Satoshi Takatori,Yoko Kitagawa,Shinjiro Hori,Hideo Utsumi +9 more
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TLDR
A simple and rapid screening method using the yeast two-hybrid system based on the ligand-dependent interaction of nuclear hormone receptors with coactivators to test the estrogenic activity of chemicals.Abstract:
One of the urgent tasks in understanding endocrine disruptors (EDs) is to compile a list of suspected substances among the huge number of chemicals by using the screening test method. We developed a simple and rapid screening method using the yeast two-hybrid system based on the ligand-dependent interaction of nuclear hormone receptors with coactivators. To date, we have tested the estrogenic activity of more than 500 chemicals including natural substances, medicines, pesticides, and industrial chemicals. 64 compounds were evaluated as positive, and most of these demonstrated a common structure; phenol with a hydrophobic moiety at the para-position without bulky groups at the ortho-position. These results are expected to facilitate further risk assessment of chemicals.read more
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Screening for estrogen and androgen receptor activities in 200 pesticides by in vitro reporter gene assays using Chinese hamster ovary cells.
TL;DR: It is suggested that a variety of pesticides have estrogenic and/ or antiandrogenic potential via ER and/or AR, and that numerous other manmade chemicals may also possess such estrogening and antiandrogensic activities.
Journal ArticleDOI
Environmental pollutants and breast cancer: epidemiologic studies.
Julia Green Brody,Kirsten B. Moysich,Olivier Humblet,Kathleen R. Attfield,Gregory P. Beehler,Ruthann A. Rudel +5 more
TL;DR: Evidence to date generally supports an association between breast cancer and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated biphenyls in conjunction with certain genetic polymorphisms involved in carcinogen activation and steroid hormone metabolism.
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Structure-activity relationships for a large diverse set of natural, synthetic, and environmental estrogens.
Hong Fang,Weida Tong,Leming Shi,R. Blair,Roger Perkins,William S. Branham,Bruce S. Hass,Qian Xie,Stacy L. Dial,Carrie L. Moland,Daniel M. Sheehan +10 more
TL;DR: An overall picture of how xenoestrogens structurally resemble endogenous 17beta-estradiol and the synthetic estrogen diethylstilbestrol is provided, which is rationalized into a set of hierarchical rules that will be useful in guidance for identification of potential estrogens.
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Acute toxicity, mutagenicity, and estrogenicity of bisphenol-A and other bisphenols
TL;DR: All seven BPs tested here showed moderate to slight acute toxicity, no mutagenicity, and weak estrogenic activity as well as BPA.
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Effects of propyl paraben on the male reproductive system.
TL;DR: It is shown that propyl paraben adversely affects the hormonal secretion and the male reproductive functions and the exposure level at which this effect was observed is the same as the upper-limit acceptable daily intake of parabens in the European Community and Japan.
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Book
Our Stolen Future
TL;DR: The cause of disruptions in animal breeding cycles, accompanied by increases in birth defects, sexual abnormalities and reproductive failure, is traced to the pervasive presence in the environment of chemicals that mimic hormones and trick the reproductive system.