Estrogenic Activities of 517 Chemicals by Yeast Two-Hybrid Assay
01 Aug 2000-Journal of Health Science (The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan)-Vol. 46, Iss: 4, pp 282-298
TL;DR: A simple and rapid screening method using the yeast two-hybrid system based on the ligand-dependent interaction of nuclear hormone receptors with coactivators to test the estrogenic activity of chemicals.
Abstract: One of the urgent tasks in understanding endocrine disruptors (EDs) is to compile a list of suspected substances among the huge number of chemicals by using the screening test method. We developed a simple and rapid screening method using the yeast two-hybrid system based on the ligand-dependent interaction of nuclear hormone receptors with coactivators. To date, we have tested the estrogenic activity of more than 500 chemicals including natural substances, medicines, pesticides, and industrial chemicals. 64 compounds were evaluated as positive, and most of these demonstrated a common structure; phenol with a hydrophobic moiety at the para-position without bulky groups at the ortho-position. These results are expected to facilitate further risk assessment of chemicals.
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01 Sep 2010
5 citations
Cites background from "Estrogenic Activities of 517 Chemic..."
...The only relevant information that was located regarding in vitro tests is that 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene and 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene tested negative for estrogenic activity in a reporter gene expression assay using yeast cells (Nishihara et al. 2000)....
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TL;DR: Newly diagnosed patients with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of prostate have lower testosterone levels than the others, and there was a trend toward decreasing testosterone values with worsening clinical staging.
4 citations
Cites background from "Estrogenic Activities of 517 Chemic..."
...Some reports have shown that many synthetic chemicals act as estrogen mimics by binding to estrogen receptor [27–29]....
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TL;DR: Seven monomers used by Eastman Chemical to make various polymers screened for potential androgenicity or estrogenicity suggest that none of the monomers tested exhibit androgenic or estrogenic hazards.
4 citations
Cites result from "Estrogenic Activities of 517 Chemic..."
...The lack of endocrine effects of EG and DEG is consistent with the findings of Nishihara et al. in which no response was noted to EG or DEG in a yeast two-hybrid system dependent upon interaction with an ER alpha receptor (Nishihara et al., 2000)....
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Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of different fractions of hydroalcoholic extract of Calligonum polygonoides leaves; n-hexane, CH2Cl2, EtOAc and n-BuOH, were studied in order to find the correlation between the phytoconstituents and the biological activity.
Abstract: Article history: Received on: 24/07/2015 Revised on: 16/08/2015 Accepted on: 16/09/2015 Available online: 12/11/2015 Calligonum polygonoides L. subsp. comosum; locally known as “arta”, is tall woody shrub, perennial desert plant. TLC screening, estrogenic and antimicrobial activities of different fractions of hydroalcoholic extract of the leaves; n-hexane, CH2Cl2, EtOAc and n-BuOH, were studied in order to find the correlation between the phytoconstituents and the biological activity. Estrogenic activity was studied in immature ovariectomized female Wistar rats by oral administration of 75 and 150 mg extract/kg body weight for seven days using 1 μg estradiol/rat/day as positive control. The antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia was carried out using agar diffusion method with determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The CH2Cl2 fraction showed significant estrogenic and antimicrobial activity by significantly increasing uterine weight and low MIC values for all tested microorganisms ranging from 0.03 and 3.9 mg/mL. The n-hexane fraction showed mainly the presence of sterols and/or triterpenoids. The EtOAc and n-BuOH fractions were the richest in flavonoids while that of methylene chloride was found to contain both classes of chemical compounds. In conclusion; flavonoids, sterols and/or triterpenes exhibit synergistic effect to the antimicrobial and estrogenic activity of Calligonum polygonoides leaves.
4 citations
Cites background from "Estrogenic Activities of 517 Chemic..."
...…of hydrocarbons, fatty acids; sterol and/or triterpenes other than β-sitosterol since β-sitosterol previously isolated from this plant was reported to have no binding ability to human estrogen receptors (ER) and did not exert estrogenic effect in female rats (Dixon, 2004, Nishihara et al., 2000)....
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TL;DR: In arid regions of the southwestern United States, municipal wastewater treatment plants commonly discharge treated effluent directly into streams that would otherwise be dry most of the year, and measures of fish condition showed no significant differences between male or female fish housed in effluent or clean water.
4 citations
References
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Book•
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01 Jan 1996
TL;DR: The cause of disruptions in animal breeding cycles, accompanied by increases in birth defects, sexual abnormalities and reproductive failure, is traced to the pervasive presence in the environment of chemicals that mimic hormones and trick the reproductive system.
Abstract: For years, scientists have noticed disruptions in animal breeding cycles, accompanied by increases in birth defects, sexual abnormalities and reproductive failure. Humans are not immune either, with sperm counts dropping by as much as 50% in recent decades and with women seeing a rise in hormone-related cancers, endometriosis and other disorders. This book traces the cause of these aberrations and diseases to the pervasive presence in the environment of chemicals that mimic hormones and trick the reproductive system. The conclusions are as obvious as they are inescapable - unless we make vital changes in the way we manufacture and employ the artefacts of our "good life", there will be no life at all.
917 citations