Ethiopia: Overview of corruption in land administration
01 Jun 2014-
About: The article was published on 2014-06-01 and is currently open access. It has received 6 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Land administration & Land tenure.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyze expert's perceptions on the planning and governance of green infrastructure: principles, policy and planning themes, land use regulations, and implementation that are expected to affect the planning of green infrastructures.
Abstract: Green infrastructure is a strategically planned network of natural and semi-natural areas aimed to achieve sustainable development. Its planning and management are determined based on governance approaches. However, studies on the governance of green infrastructure in Ethiopian cities are scarce. This study, therefore, aims to analyze expert's perceptions on the planning and governance of green infrastructure: principles, policy and planning themes, land use regulations, and implementation that are expected to affect the planning and implementation of green infrastructure. A quantitative and qualitative research design was employed to obtain and analyze data. Our result reveals that relying on an authoritarian model of output-legitimacy, sectoral approach, and uncoordinated land-use led to weak governance of UGI. Our findings suggest the need to develop a governance arrangement that incorporates negotiations, participation, and inter and cross-sectoral policy approaches; developing zoning regulations and land use plans and changes in a participatory and transparent manner, and developing green infrastructure-based planning policies are important for the future development of UGI. Our findings could generate scientific debate by identifying the challenges that experts are facing when trying to integrate and implement GI principles in a particular governance context. Applying these green infrastructure planning principles can also guide future GI development efforts not only in Ethiopia but also in other African cities with similar contexts.
7 citations
DOI•
30 Sep 2019TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examine the existing real property valuation practice in case of expropriation in Ethiopia and propose potential bases and approaches compatible to the Ethiopian real property system based on desk review research in which existing literature are the main source.
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to examine the existing real property valuation practice in case of expropriation in Ethiopia and to propose potential bases and approaches compatible to the Ethiopian real property system based on desk review research in which existing literature are the main source. The paper found that, there is no standard and responsible institution for property valuation. As a result, valuation variation and valuation inaccuracies are common. Therefore, market value can be a potential base to real property valuation as it reflects the actual value of the property expropriated. Market and income approaches can be the potential methods to real property valuation. But discretion is given to the valuer to choose the appropriate method/s. The paper recommends the establishment of independent institution responsible for overall valuation activities including establishing standards and introducing valuation certification by considering the countries’ land tenure system.
4 citations
Cites background from "Ethiopia: Overview of corruption in..."
...According to, Lindner (2014) Ethiopian land administration face rent seeking, speculation and corruption problems....
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01 Nov 2020
TL;DR: In this article, the harmful effects of corruption on economic growth in Ethiopia and the extent of corruption as well as its forms that exist in the country including political corruption, Petty and bureaucratic corruption, judiciary, energy sector, police, land administration and social services like health and education.
Abstract: This study has mostly focused on the harmful effects of corruption on economic growth in Ethiopia and the extent of corruption as well as its forms that exist in the country including political corruption, Petty and bureaucratic corruption, judiciary, energy sector, police, land administration and social services like health and education. The study revealed that corruption in a great extent damaged the growth and economic performance in general both in reginal and federal level and shrinks the incentives of investments also corruption resulted low stimulus for innovation. Keywords— Corruption, Growth, Ethiopia.
3 citations
Cites background from "Ethiopia: Overview of corruption in..."
...These include: lack of clear policies, weak institutions, lack of transparency, limited public participation and capacity challenges (Lindner 2014)....
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...5.6 Land administration There is a high risk of corruption in Ethiopia’s land administration with petty corruption, land-grabbing, corruption in the auctioning process, and state capture being common in the sector (Lindner 2014; Business AntiCorruption Portal 2017)....
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...The country’s legal and institutional structure, with regard to land administration, has been criticized for being unnecessarily complicated (Lindner 2014)....
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31 May 2019
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated and analyzed the different factors of inter-household conflicts over farmland, and further sought to assess the human security implications on the community of the study area.
Abstract: The focus of this study is to investigate and analyze the different factors of inter-household conflicts over farmland. The study further sought to assess the human security implications on the community of the study area. It has been found that farmers in the study area are suffering from land-related conflicts and its associated impacts. Descriptive-case study was employed in the study. In-depth interviews with key informants and FGDs were data collection instruments used in the study. Secondary data drawn from archival documents and government reports were also used. The major study finding indicated that inter-household conflicts over farmland occurred with the interface of underlined and risk factors. Boundary encroachment, land eviction, inherited land conflict, contract breaching conflict are among the most common. The divisive land administration institutions, individuals’ unproductive competition over farmland, poorly implemented land administration programs, and cultural attachment to land identified as underlined factors for the farmland conflicts have continued to happen. The culture of violence, availability of small arms and light weapons, and prevalence of other forms of social conflicts are also risk factors which have created fragile peace among the members of the community. The conflict has affected the economic, social, political, and psychological wellbeing of the study area residents, as well as human security threats. It was found to be imperative to revise and harmonize land administration laws and even to amend some of the faulty legislated articles. Above all digital land registration and data administration should be considered by governmental organizations and NGOs who are working on land administration sector.
Key words: Household, farmland, conflict, human security, Jamma woreda.
3 citations
Cites background or methods from "Ethiopia: Overview of corruption in..."
...One of the main causes is the absence of clear legislation as well as confusion about the applicability of legislations according to political commentators on this issue (Lindner, 2014)....
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...It may increase corruption (Lindner, 2014)....
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...On the 2013 Ibrahim Index of African Governance, Ethiopia scores 47.9% - lower than the continental average 51.6% (Lindner, 2014)....
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...Adding to the problem of rural overcrowding, Ethiopian land policies prevent rural-urban mobility, which would keep poor peasants in their village that narrowed option for their livelihood (Lindner, 2014)....
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...There is a lack of clarity regarding the roles, responsibilities and mandates of institutions in land administration (Lindner, 2014)....
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Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this paper, the application of federalism in the Ethiopia context is explored and it is shown that federalism has never existed in practice; institutional structures and political powers do not have federal characters; rather they have the intent of Marxist ideology of centralization.
Abstract: Ethiopia adopted ethnic federalism and restructured the regions along ethnic lines as soon as the endorsement of the constitution in 1994. This article explores the application of federalism in the Ethiopia context. Although Ethiopia has been known as a federal state since the ratification of the constitution in 1994, the reality on the ground is contrary to the declaration. The ideological and constitutional bases of federalism have never existed in practice; institutional structures and political powers do not have federal characters; rather they have the intent of Marxist ideology of centralization. Thus, federalism in Ethiopia is an empty rhetoric of the ruling class and we can definitely say that it is an outstanding example of failure in terms of applying federal structure in Ethiopia. It is rather a parody of what the Western world does with this respect.
1 citations
References
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Book•
25 Jun 2012
TL;DR: The first stage of the process through a set of preliminary studies that map the nature of corruption in eight Ethiopian sectors, focusing on three key objectives: 1) develop sector frameworks that enable mapping of the potential areas of corruption on a sector-by-sector basis; 2) map the different forms and types of corrupt practices in the selected sectors; and 3) consider the higher-risk areas and identify appropriate sector or crosscutting responses for government and other stakeholders as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: For decades, corruption in Ethiopia has been discussed only at the margins. Perhaps because many have not experienced corruption as a significant constraint to their lives and businesses, or perhaps because a culture of circumspection has dampened open dialogue, Ethiopia has seen neither the information flows nor the debate on corruption that most other countries have seen in recent years. To address this information gap, the World Bank agreed with the government of Ethiopia and its Federal Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commission (FEACC) to undertake research and produce an independent overview of corruption, identify follow-up actions to these diagnostics, and articulate the proposed approach in an anti-corruption strategy and action plan for Ethiopia. This publication fulfills the first stage of the process through a set of preliminary studies that map the nature of corruption in eight Ethiopian sectors, focusing on three key objectives: 1) develop sector frameworks that enable mapping of the potential areas of corruption on a sector-by-sector basis; 2) map the different forms and types of corrupt practices in the selected sectors; and 3) consider the higher-risk areas and identify appropriate sector or crosscutting responses for government and other stakeholders.
54 citations
01 May 2012
TL;DR: According to a census taken in 2007, 34.5 percent of Ethiopians are ethnic Oromo, 26.91 percent Amhara, 6.2 percent Somali and 6.07 percent Tigraway, with the remaining percentage divided among the Guragie, Sidama, Welaita, among others as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Ethiopia is a land-locked country located in East Africa, and is bordered by Eritrea, Djibouti, Somalia, Kenya and Sudan. With an estimated population of more than 85,000,000, Ethiopia is Africa’s second most populous country. Although Ethiopia’s official language is Amharic, there are a variety of officially recognized regional languages which are spoken among Ethiopia’s ethnically diverse population. According to a census taken in 2007, 34.5 percent of Ethiopians are ethnic Oromo, 26.91 percent Amhara, 6.2 percent Somali, 6.07 percent Tigraway, with the remaining percentage divided among the Guragie, Sidama, Welaita, among others.
29 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the risks and forms of corruption in the land sector are analyzed and the authors conclude that all countries facing a problems with land administration need the rebuilding of land administration institutions to provide access to land as essential to rekindle economic growth and social stability.
Abstract: The corruption is both a major cause and a result of poverty around the world. Corruption in the land sector can be generally characterized as pervasive and without effective means of control. In this paper we analyze the risks and forms of corruption in the land sector citing some documented examples from the world and from Serbia. The paper concludes that all countries facing a problems with land administration needs the rebuilding of land administration institutions to provide access to land as essential to rekindle economic growth and social stability. It can also be concluded that Serbia is on the path of mild progress in planning land administration and land management.
19 citations
01 Jan 2010
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used opinions collected from residents, investors and financial institutions in Addis Ababa and the lease towns of the Amhara national regional state to assess the major problems related to the implementation of the policy in an efficient utilization of urban land in encouraging investment and the appropriate use of the money generated from lease.
Abstract: SUMMARY Achieving efficient land use, encouraging investors and investment and realizing the cost of urban land and make an efficient use of it are some of the major national and regional goals in Ethiopia. To achieve these goals, the government of Ethiopia has accepted urban land lease policy as the alternative land tenure system so as to provide a room for individuals and investors to land to use land use rights through transferring from the state to land users. Once individuals or investors acquire these land use rights they acquire tenure. So that they can either sell or use it to the maximum economic benefit. Hence, security of land tenure is important to encourage investment in land improvements as well as the development of efficient land use through efficient and equitable land markets. Efficient functioning of land markets requires efficient and updated land registration systems which clearly indicate legal ownership of land. However, the lease towns of Ethiopia, like most cities in developing countries suffer from land market distortions caused by poor land development and management policies including poor planning, slow provision of infrastructure and services, poor land information systems and slow land transaction procedures. Distortions in the land market often lead to land speculation. If the land registration system develops in such away that it clarifies lease rights, it minimizes disputes and enables the government to use the land in its maximum economic use. Opinions collected from residents, investors and financial institutions in Addis Ababa and the lease towns of the Amhara national regional state is used to assess the major problems related to the implementation of the policy in an efficient utilization of urban land in encouraging investment and the appropriate use of the money generated from lease. We found out that from the view of investors, tenure security is more important than the mode of ownership. Hence, tenure security is important for investment attraction and expansion. Institutional constraints, legal gaps and proper land and mortgage registration systems should be given due attention so as to get the desired objectives of the lease policy.
14 citations