DOI•
Evaluación de mezclas biodiésel-diésel en la generación de energía eléctrica
01 Jul 2011-Vol. 15, Iss: 2, pp 319-336
TL;DR: In this article, the efecto of tres diferentes biodieseles mezclados with diesel in el funcionamiento of a planta de generacion de energia electrica that simula el consumo electrico of una vivienda pequena was investigated.
Abstract: En este articulo se muestra el efecto de tres diferentes biodieseles mezclados con diesel en el funcionamiento de una planta de generacion de energia electrica que simula el consumo electrico de una vivienda pequena. En la planta se realizaron pruebas a diferentes cargas, para evaluar el consumo especifico de combustible (CEC) y emisiones gaseosas (CO, CO2, O2 y otros gases). Se utilizo biodiesel de aceite de higuerilla (H), aceite de fritura usado (AFU) y aceite de palma (P), mezclados con petrodiesel, en una relacion de 1:4 (B20), en mezclas binarias y terciarias de biodiesel. Se encontro que el CEC del motor es directamente proporcional a la carga que se le imponga a este; mientras que la combustion interna del motor es independiente de la carga impuesta a la planta electrica, pero dependiente del tipo de combustible con el que se alimenta. La mezcla de combustibles que logro minimizar el CEC y las emisiones gaseosas fue la mezcla D80/P10/AFU10.
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TL;DR: In this paper, a comparison of the performance of diesel and biodiesel engines was performed using the SAE J1349 standard, and the results showed that the biodiesel produced by the diesel engine is more efficient than the diesel.
Abstract: espanolContexto: La tendencia de la cultura de la sociedad moderna, se basa especialmente en el desarrollo de nuevos biocombustibles, donde se direccionan mas especificamente en el campo de los motores de combustion interna, estableciendose como punto central, la perdida de su rendimiento termico. Este factor es uno de los principales retos, donde la investigacion se dinamiza en forma compleja e importante. En este contexto, la investigacion aqui propuesta, fortalece esta area del conocimiento, tambien, determina el comportamiento del desempeno de un motor monocilindrico encendido por compresion y con mezclas entre el diesel convencional y un biodiesel producido con tecnicas innovadoras. Metodo: En este trabajo se realizo, un analisis en un banco de pruebas para motores de combustion interna tipo Diesel, donde se caracterizo y se determino la eficiencia del motor, utilizando Diesel y diferentes mezclas como la B2, B5, B10, B20, B50 y B100 lo cual el numero determina el porcentaje de biodiesel en la mezcla. El biodiesel utilizado, conto como base el aceite de palma africana y se obtuvo por medio de la tecnologia de radiacion por microondas. Estas pruebas fueron realizadas utilizando la norma SAE J1349. La toma de datos como potencia, torque, consumo de combustibles y temperaturas, indicaron el desempeno del motor, que a su vez determinaron los efectos de los diferentes combustibles en estudio. Resultados: Al desarrollar las pruebas y realizar su analisis, se evidencio que, para todas las mezclas analizadas, la combustion se formo sin complicaciones, ademas de esto, al incrementar el porcentaje de biocombustible en la mezcla, se identifico aumentos mayores o iguales al 20% del consumo de combustible y perdidas de potencia en el rango del 40%. Ahora, respecto a la utilizacion del proceso por la tecnologia con microondas se mostro mas eficiente para la produccion del mismo Conclusiones: Con la metodologia aplicada, se determino que para la mezcla B20, los valores de la potencia fueron los mas estables en terminos de rendimiento termico. En el contexto del comparativo de los combustibles patron, diesel colombiano y venezolano, sometidos bajos las mismas condiciones de operacion, se obtuvo que el combustible tipo diesel venezolano presenta mejores caracteristicas de rendimiento en cuanto a su potencia, torque y estabilidad termica. Con respecto al consumo especifico del combustible obtenido, se observa el aumento con mayor porcentaje de mezcla de biodiesel, esto directamente proporcional a la perdida de potencia. EnglishContext: The trend in modern society's culture is based especially on the development of new biofuels, where they are directed more specifically in the field of internal combustion engines, establishing as a central point, the loss of their thermal performance. This factor is one of the main challenges, where research is dynamized in a complex and important way. In this context, the research proposed here strengthens this area of knowledge, also, determines the performance behavior of a single-cylinder engine ignited by compression and with mixtures between conventional diesel and biodiesel produced with innovative techniques. Method: In this work, an analysis was made in a test bench for internal combustion engines type Diesel, where the efficiency of the engine was characterized and determined, using Diesel and different mixtures such as B2, B5, B10, B20, B50 and B100 which number determines the percentage of biodiesel in the mixture. The biodiesel used was based on African palm oil and was obtained by means of microwave radiation technology. These tests were performed using SAE J1349 standard. Data collection such as power, torque, fuel consumption, and temperature, indicated engine performance, which in turn determined the effects of the different fuels under study. Results: During the development of the tests and their analysis, it was evidenced that, for all the analyzed mixtures, the combustion was formed without complications. In addition, when increasing the percentage of bio-fuel in the mixture, increases greater or equal to 20% of the fuel consumption and power losses in the range of 40% were identified. Now, with respect to the use of the process by the technology with microwaves, it was shown more efficient for the production of the same Conclusions: With the methodology applied, it was determined that for the B20 mixture, the power values were the most stable in terms of thermal efficiency. In the context of the comparison of the standard fuels, Colombian and Venezuelan diesel, submitted under the same operating conditions, it was obtained that the Venezuelan diesel type fuel presents better performance characteristics in terms of power, torque, and thermal stability. With respect to the specific consumption of the fuel obtained, the increase is observed with a higher percentage of biodiesel mixture, this being directly proportional to the loss of power.
3 citations
28 Jun 2019
TL;DR: In this paper, chemical and enzymatic processes from used cooking oil (UCO) were analyzed by evaluating the quality and yield of the product obtained in each method. And the highest yield obtained was from the chemical transesterification under the conditions of 60 °C, 1% KOH and 70 min with a conversion percentage of 96.15% and an acid number of 1.33 mmKOH/g.
Abstract: The biodiesel production was analyzed by chemical and enzymatic processes, from used cooking oil (UCO), evaluating the quality and yield of the product obtained in each method. For the chemical process, an acid esterification followed by a basic transesterification was developed, (reaction temperature: 60 °C, oil:methanol 1:6 molar ratio, concentration of KOH catalyst: 1% w/w reaction times: 55 and 70 min); and enzymatic transesterification (temperature: 38 °C, oil:methanol 1:3 molar ratio, enzyme concentration lipase XX 25 split liquid: 5%, reaction times: 3 and 6 hours). Physicochemical properties (i.e. density, kinematic viscosity, moisture content, fatty acid profile, percentage of acidity, peroxides index and saponification) of the raw material were determined. Results showed the presence of oleic acid (42.45%) and palmitic acid (33.52%). The highest yield obtained was from the chemical transesterification under the conditions of 60 °C, 1% KOH and 70 min with a conversion percentage of 96.15% and an acid number of 1.33 mmKOH/g, compared to the enzymatic transesterification which registered a high acid number of 6.91 mmKOH/g and conversion percentage of 48.81% under the conditions of 38 °C, 5% of enzyme lipase and 3 hours.
2 citations
Additional excerpts
...In the investigation of [47] it is found that the specific consumption of the fuel is reduced by using biodiesel mixtures from vegetable sources other than palm oil, with conventional diesel, reporting a lower consumption of this in D80/H20 mixtures (80% diesel with 20% biodiesel from castor oil) and D80/P10/AFU10 (80% diesel with 10% biodiesel from palm oil and 10% biodiesel from used frying oil)....
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19 Jul 2021
TL;DR: The Magister en Sistemas Energeticos (MEE) project as mentioned in this paper proposes a Magister in Sistema Energy-Efficient Computing (MEEC) at the Universidad Autonoma de Occidente.
Abstract: Proyecto de grado (Magister en Sistemas Energeticos)-- Universidad Autonoma de Occidente, 2021
References
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TL;DR: Using the artificial neural network (ANN) model, the performance and exhaust emissions of a diesel engine have been predicted for biodiesel blends and according to the results, the fifth network is sufficient for all the outputs.
Abstract: Biodiesel is receiving increasing attention each passing day because of its fuel properties and compatibility with the petroleum-based diesel fuel (PBDF). Therefore, in this study, the prediction of the engine performance and exhaust emissions is carried out for five different neural networks to define how the inputs affect the outputs using the biodiesel blends produced from waste frying palm oil. PBDF, B100, and biodiesel blends with PBDF, which are 50% (B50), 20% (B20) and 5% (B5), were used to measure the engine performance and exhaust emissions for different engine speeds at full load conditions. Using the artificial neural network (ANN) model, the performance and exhaust emissions of a diesel engine have been predicted for biodiesel blends. According to the results, the fifth network is sufficient for all the outputs. In the fifth network, fuel properties, engine speed, and environmental conditions are taken as the input parameters, while the values of flow rates, maximum injection pressure, emissions, engine load, maximum cylinder gas pressure, and thermal efficiency are used as the output parameters. For all the networks, the learning algorithm called back-propagation was applied for a single hidden layer. Scaled conjugate gradient (SCG) and Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) have been used for the variants of the algorithm, and the formulations for outputs obtained from the weights are given in this study. The fifth network has produced R^2 values of 0.99, and the mean % errors are smaller than five except for some emissions. Higher mean errors are obtained for the emissions such as CO, NO"x and UHC. The complexity of the burning process and the measurement errors in the experimental study can cause higher mean errors.
257 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide a thermo-analytical and physical-chemistry characterization of castor oil and biodiesel, and show that biodiesel data are very close to the volatilization temperatures of conventional diesel.
Abstract: The castor oil seed has 47–49% of oil. Biodiesel obtained from castor oil has a lower cost compared to the ones obtained from other oils, as due its solvability in alcohol transesterification occurs without heating. The use of biodiesel will allow a reduction on the consumption of petroleum-derived fuels minimizing the harmful effects on the environment. This work wants to provide a thermoanalytical and physical-chemistry characterization of castor oil and biodiesel. Biodiesel was obtained with methyl alcohol and characterized through several techniques. Gas chromatography indicated methyl ester content of 97.7%. The volatilization of biodiesel starts and finishes under inferior temperatures than the beginning and final volatilization temperatures of castor oil. Biodiesel data are very close to the volatilization temperatures of conventional diesel.
256 citations
TL;DR: In this article, used cooking oil (UCO) was mixed with canola oil at various ratios in order to make use of used cooking oils for production of biodiesel and also lower the cost of the biodiesel production.
143 citations
"Evaluación de mezclas biodiésel-dié..." refers background in this paper
...También se han hallado investigaciones en las que se produce biodiésel al mezclar aceites de diferentes fuentes vegetales, como es el caso de mezclas de aceite de fritura usado con aceite de canola (Issariyakul et ál., 2008), y mezclas de aceites de algodón, higuerilla y soya (Plentz et ál., 2007)....
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TL;DR: In this paper, a chemical production procedure of transesterification reaction combined with an additional peroxidation process was applied to produce the biodiesel, which has a larger weight proportion of saturated carbon bonds, higher kinematic viscosity, and a higher flash point with less fuel residue collected after the fuel burning.
128 citations
TL;DR: In recent years, the acceptance of fatty acid methyl esters (biodiesel) as an alternative fuel has rapidly grown in Spain this article, and the raw materials to produce biodiesel in this country include traditional...
Abstract: In recent years, the acceptance of fatty acid methyl esters (biodiesel) as an alternative fuel has rapidly grown in Spain. The raw materials to produce biodiesel in this country include traditional...
117 citations
"Evaluación de mezclas biodiésel-dié..." refers background in this paper
...Sin embargo, debido a la gran producción de glicerina, se han estudiado otras aplicaciones, como suplemento en la alimentación animal, materia prima en fermentaciones, polímeros, surfactantes y lubricantes, producción de biogás, biohidrógeno y bioetanol (Vicente et ál., 2006)....
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