DOI•
Evaluación de mezclas biodiésel-diésel en la generación de energía eléctrica
01 Jul 2011-Vol. 15, Iss: 2, pp 319-336
TL;DR: In this article, the efecto of tres diferentes biodieseles mezclados with diesel in el funcionamiento of a planta de generacion de energia electrica that simula el consumo electrico of una vivienda pequena was investigated.
Abstract: En este articulo se muestra el efecto de tres diferentes biodieseles mezclados con diesel en el funcionamiento de una planta de generacion de energia electrica que simula el consumo electrico de una vivienda pequena. En la planta se realizaron pruebas a diferentes cargas, para evaluar el consumo especifico de combustible (CEC) y emisiones gaseosas (CO, CO2, O2 y otros gases). Se utilizo biodiesel de aceite de higuerilla (H), aceite de fritura usado (AFU) y aceite de palma (P), mezclados con petrodiesel, en una relacion de 1:4 (B20), en mezclas binarias y terciarias de biodiesel. Se encontro que el CEC del motor es directamente proporcional a la carga que se le imponga a este; mientras que la combustion interna del motor es independiente de la carga impuesta a la planta electrica, pero dependiente del tipo de combustible con el que se alimenta. La mezcla de combustibles que logro minimizar el CEC y las emisiones gaseosas fue la mezcla D80/P10/AFU10.
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TL;DR: In this paper, a comparison of the performance of diesel and biodiesel engines was performed using the SAE J1349 standard, and the results showed that the biodiesel produced by the diesel engine is more efficient than the diesel.
Abstract: espanolContexto: La tendencia de la cultura de la sociedad moderna, se basa especialmente en el desarrollo de nuevos biocombustibles, donde se direccionan mas especificamente en el campo de los motores de combustion interna, estableciendose como punto central, la perdida de su rendimiento termico. Este factor es uno de los principales retos, donde la investigacion se dinamiza en forma compleja e importante. En este contexto, la investigacion aqui propuesta, fortalece esta area del conocimiento, tambien, determina el comportamiento del desempeno de un motor monocilindrico encendido por compresion y con mezclas entre el diesel convencional y un biodiesel producido con tecnicas innovadoras. Metodo: En este trabajo se realizo, un analisis en un banco de pruebas para motores de combustion interna tipo Diesel, donde se caracterizo y se determino la eficiencia del motor, utilizando Diesel y diferentes mezclas como la B2, B5, B10, B20, B50 y B100 lo cual el numero determina el porcentaje de biodiesel en la mezcla. El biodiesel utilizado, conto como base el aceite de palma africana y se obtuvo por medio de la tecnologia de radiacion por microondas. Estas pruebas fueron realizadas utilizando la norma SAE J1349. La toma de datos como potencia, torque, consumo de combustibles y temperaturas, indicaron el desempeno del motor, que a su vez determinaron los efectos de los diferentes combustibles en estudio. Resultados: Al desarrollar las pruebas y realizar su analisis, se evidencio que, para todas las mezclas analizadas, la combustion se formo sin complicaciones, ademas de esto, al incrementar el porcentaje de biocombustible en la mezcla, se identifico aumentos mayores o iguales al 20% del consumo de combustible y perdidas de potencia en el rango del 40%. Ahora, respecto a la utilizacion del proceso por la tecnologia con microondas se mostro mas eficiente para la produccion del mismo Conclusiones: Con la metodologia aplicada, se determino que para la mezcla B20, los valores de la potencia fueron los mas estables en terminos de rendimiento termico. En el contexto del comparativo de los combustibles patron, diesel colombiano y venezolano, sometidos bajos las mismas condiciones de operacion, se obtuvo que el combustible tipo diesel venezolano presenta mejores caracteristicas de rendimiento en cuanto a su potencia, torque y estabilidad termica. Con respecto al consumo especifico del combustible obtenido, se observa el aumento con mayor porcentaje de mezcla de biodiesel, esto directamente proporcional a la perdida de potencia. EnglishContext: The trend in modern society's culture is based especially on the development of new biofuels, where they are directed more specifically in the field of internal combustion engines, establishing as a central point, the loss of their thermal performance. This factor is one of the main challenges, where research is dynamized in a complex and important way. In this context, the research proposed here strengthens this area of knowledge, also, determines the performance behavior of a single-cylinder engine ignited by compression and with mixtures between conventional diesel and biodiesel produced with innovative techniques. Method: In this work, an analysis was made in a test bench for internal combustion engines type Diesel, where the efficiency of the engine was characterized and determined, using Diesel and different mixtures such as B2, B5, B10, B20, B50 and B100 which number determines the percentage of biodiesel in the mixture. The biodiesel used was based on African palm oil and was obtained by means of microwave radiation technology. These tests were performed using SAE J1349 standard. Data collection such as power, torque, fuel consumption, and temperature, indicated engine performance, which in turn determined the effects of the different fuels under study. Results: During the development of the tests and their analysis, it was evidenced that, for all the analyzed mixtures, the combustion was formed without complications. In addition, when increasing the percentage of bio-fuel in the mixture, increases greater or equal to 20% of the fuel consumption and power losses in the range of 40% were identified. Now, with respect to the use of the process by the technology with microwaves, it was shown more efficient for the production of the same Conclusions: With the methodology applied, it was determined that for the B20 mixture, the power values were the most stable in terms of thermal efficiency. In the context of the comparison of the standard fuels, Colombian and Venezuelan diesel, submitted under the same operating conditions, it was obtained that the Venezuelan diesel type fuel presents better performance characteristics in terms of power, torque, and thermal stability. With respect to the specific consumption of the fuel obtained, the increase is observed with a higher percentage of biodiesel mixture, this being directly proportional to the loss of power.
3 citations
28 Jun 2019
TL;DR: In this paper, chemical and enzymatic processes from used cooking oil (UCO) were analyzed by evaluating the quality and yield of the product obtained in each method. And the highest yield obtained was from the chemical transesterification under the conditions of 60 °C, 1% KOH and 70 min with a conversion percentage of 96.15% and an acid number of 1.33 mmKOH/g.
Abstract: The biodiesel production was analyzed by chemical and enzymatic processes, from used cooking oil (UCO), evaluating the quality and yield of the product obtained in each method. For the chemical process, an acid esterification followed by a basic transesterification was developed, (reaction temperature: 60 °C, oil:methanol 1:6 molar ratio, concentration of KOH catalyst: 1% w/w reaction times: 55 and 70 min); and enzymatic transesterification (temperature: 38 °C, oil:methanol 1:3 molar ratio, enzyme concentration lipase XX 25 split liquid: 5%, reaction times: 3 and 6 hours). Physicochemical properties (i.e. density, kinematic viscosity, moisture content, fatty acid profile, percentage of acidity, peroxides index and saponification) of the raw material were determined. Results showed the presence of oleic acid (42.45%) and palmitic acid (33.52%). The highest yield obtained was from the chemical transesterification under the conditions of 60 °C, 1% KOH and 70 min with a conversion percentage of 96.15% and an acid number of 1.33 mmKOH/g, compared to the enzymatic transesterification which registered a high acid number of 6.91 mmKOH/g and conversion percentage of 48.81% under the conditions of 38 °C, 5% of enzyme lipase and 3 hours.
2 citations
Additional excerpts
...In the investigation of [47] it is found that the specific consumption of the fuel is reduced by using biodiesel mixtures from vegetable sources other than palm oil, with conventional diesel, reporting a lower consumption of this in D80/H20 mixtures (80% diesel with 20% biodiesel from castor oil) and D80/P10/AFU10 (80% diesel with 10% biodiesel from palm oil and 10% biodiesel from used frying oil)....
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19 Jul 2021
TL;DR: The Magister en Sistemas Energeticos (MEE) project as mentioned in this paper proposes a Magister in Sistema Energy-Efficient Computing (MEEC) at the Universidad Autonoma de Occidente.
Abstract: Proyecto de grado (Magister en Sistemas Energeticos)-- Universidad Autonoma de Occidente, 2021
References
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111 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a metodologia estabelecida pela norma NBR 5484 da ABNT (1985) for motores de ciclo Otto and Diesel was investigated.
Abstract: Os atuais elevados precos do barril de petroleo no mercado internacional, a possibilidade de geracao de postos de trabalho e renda com a consequente fixacao do homem no campo, as excelentes e variadas condicoes climaticas e os tipos de relevo fazem com que o Brasil, com suas extensas areas agricultaveis, destaque-se no cenario mundial em relacao a sua grande potencialidade de geracao de combustiveis alternativos. A situacao ambiental faz com que o ser humano trabalhe no desenvolvimento de alternativas energeticas, destacando-se aquelas oriundas de fontes renovaveis e biodegradaveis de carater eminentemente sustentavel. Assim, objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o desempenho de um motor ciclo diesel, funcionando em momentos distintos com diesel mineral e misturas deste com biodiesel nas proporcoes equivalentes a B2 (98% de diesel mineral e 2% de biodiesel), B5 (95% de diesel mineral e 5% de biodiesel), B20 (80% de diesel mineral e 20% de biodiesel) e B100 (100% de biodiesel). Para a realizacao dos ensaios, foi utilizado um motor ciclo diesel de um trator VALMET 85 id, de 58,2kW (78 cv), de acordo com metodologia estabelecida pela norma NBR 5484 da ABNT (1985) que se refere ao ensaio dinamometrico de motores de ciclo Otto e Diesel. Concluiu-se que a potencia do motor ao se utilizar biodiesel foi inferior aquela quando se utilizou diesel mineral. Observou-se que, em algumas rotacoes, as misturas B5 e B20 apresentaram potencia igual ou ate superior, em algumas situacoes, aquela quando se utilizou diesel mineral. A melhor eficiencia termica do motor foi verificada na rotacao de 540 rpm da TDP equivalente a 1720 rpm do motor.
26 citations
01 Jul 2011
3 citations