Evaluating the behavior of expandable multi-plate mechanical anchors in granular soils
About: This article is published in Marine Georesources & Geotechnology.The article was published on 2021-09-30. It has received 1 citations till now.
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TL;DR: In this article , the bearing capacity of expandable anchors with different shapes and plate numbers was evaluated using the coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian, discrete element, and finite element methods.
Abstract: Advancements in industry and increased energy demands have led to the construction of onshore and offshore platforms. The stability of these platforms is a major challenge for geotechnical engineers. Expandable anchors have recently been proposed to address this issue. Researchers have investigated the bearing capacity of anchors with different shapes and plate numbers using experimental and numerical methods. The use of a suitable method for numerical modeling of expandable anchors is necessary to determine their performance. The current study evaluated the bearing capacity of multi-plate anchors using the coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian, discrete element, and finite element methods and compares their results. The effect of an increase in the number of plates (to three), the distance between plates, the plate shape (square or circular), and the soil density (80% or 60%) on the bearing capacity of the anchors was determined. The results showed that the Eulerian model was in very good agreement with the experimental results and that the square anchor exhibited a higher bearing capacity than the circular anchor. An equation is proposed for the calculation of the bearing capacity of expandable anchors.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the strength and dilatancy of 17 sands in axisymmetric or plane strain at different densities and confining pressures are collated, and the critical state angle of shearing resistance of soil which is shearing at constant volume is determined experimentally within a margin of about 1°, being roughly 33° for quartz and 40° for feldspar.
Abstract: Extensive data of the strength and dilatancy of 17 sands in axisymmetric or plane strain at different densities and confining pressures are collated. The critical state angle of shearing resistance of soil which is shearing at constant volume is principally a function of mineralogy and can readily be determined experimentally within a margin of about 1°, being roughly 33° for quartz and 40° for feldspar. The extra angle of shearing of ‘dense’ soil is correlated to its rate of dilation and thence to its relative density and mean effective stress, combined in a new relative dilatancy index. The data of o′max – o′crit in triaxial or plane strain are separately fitted within a typical margin of about 2°, though the streneth of certain sands is underpredicted in the 1000–10000 kN/m2 range owing to the continued dilation of their crush-resistant grains. The practical consequences of these new correlations are assessed, with regard to both laboratory and field testing procedures. L'auteur analyse de nombreuses d...
2,214 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the ultimate uplift capacity of foundations with special reference to transmission tower footings is evaluated and a number of model uplift tests made by the authors and by others are studied and evaluated.
Abstract: The ultimate uplift capacity of foundations with special reference to transmission tower footings is evaluated. A number of model uplift tests made by the authors and by others were studied and com...
540 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the results of a rigorous numerical study to estimate the ultimate pullout load for vertical and horizontal plate anchors in frictional soils, which is based on finite element formulations of the upper and lower bound theorems of limit analysis.
Abstract: During the last 30 years various researchers have proposed approximate techniques to estimate the uplift capacity of soil anchors. As the majority of past research has been experimentally based, much current design practice is based on empiricism. Somewhat surprisingly, very few numerical analyses have been performed to determine the ultimate pullout loads of anchors. This paper presents the results of a rigorous numerical study to estimate the ultimate pullout load for vertical and horizontal plate anchors in frictional soils. Rigorous bounds have been obtained using two numerical procedures that are based on finite element formulations of the upper and lower bound theorems of limit analysis. For comparison purposes, numerical estimates of the break-out factor have also been obtained using the more conventional displacement finite element method. Results are presented in the familiar form of break-out factors based on various soil strength profiles and geometries and are compared with existing numerical ...
231 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an experimental and theoretical investigation on the behavior of single-screw helical anchors in sand is presented, which includes 56 tests conducted on five model anchors installed in dense, medium, and loose dry sands.
Abstract: Experimental and theoretical investigations on the behavior of single‐screw helical anchors in sand are presented. A testing program included 56 tests conducted on five model anchors installed in dense, medium, and loose dry sands. A sand‐placing technique was developed and utilized over the testing program in order to achieve the predetermined unit weight. The experimental setup was instrumented to allow the measurement of the pullout load, the upward displacement of the anchor, and the deflection of the sand surface. It was observed that the failure mechanism as well as the pullout load varied with the installation depth of the anchor and the angle of shearing resistance of the sand. A mathematical model is developed using the limit‐equilibrium method of analysis and the observed failure mechanism of the anchor from the present experimental work. Based on experimental results, a simple equation is proposed to introduce the degree of shear mobilization on the coefficient of passive earth pressure. Compar...
119 citations