Evaluation of reversible contraceptive potential of Cordia dichotoma leaves extract
01 Mar 2013-Revista Brasileira De Farmacognosia-brazilian Journal of Pharmacognosy (Sociedade Brasileira de Farmacognosia)-Vol. 23, Iss: 2, pp 342-350
TL;DR: The observations suggested that the developed phyto-pharmaceutical has potential antifertility activity with safety aspects and the reversible contraceptive potential after withdrawal.
Abstract: Considering the safety-risk ratio of steroidal contraceptives, the present work was carried out to evaluate ethno-contraceptive use of Cordia dichotoma G Forst, Boraginaceae, leaves (LCD) Preliminary pharmacological screening was performed on post-coital female albino rats The leaves extract (LD50 550 g/kg bw) showed 100% anti-implantation activity (n=10) at 800 mg/kg dose level (2-hydroxypropyl)-β-cyclodextrin (BCD) was used as bioavailability enhancer to form LCD-BCD complex, characterized by DLS, SEM and XRD analyses The LCD-BCD complex (1:1, w/w) exhibited 100% pregnancy interception (n=20) at the dose level of 250 mg/kg and also showed strong estrogenic potential with a luteal phase defect Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analyses were carried out The LCD extract was standardized by a validated HPTLC method and two contraceptive phytoconstituents, apigenin and luteolin were isolated A detailed pharmacological analyses followed by chronic toxicity study were performed to predict the reversible nature of the developed phytopharmaceutical The histological and biochemical estimations detected the reversible contraceptive potential after withdrawal The observations suggested that the developed phyto-pharmaceutical has potential antifertility activity with safety aspects
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TL;DR: The aim of this review was to provide exhaustive scientific information on traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of the 36 important species with medicinal value from the genus Cordia to divulge prospects for further research on its therapeutic potential.
Abstract: Objectives
Cordia (family Boraginaceae) is a genus of deciduous flowering trees or shrubs comprising more than 300 species distributed widely in the tropical regions. The aim of this review was to provide exhaustive scientific information on traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of the 36 important species with medicinal value from the genus Cordia, to divulge prospects for further research on its therapeutic potential.
Key findings
Leaves, fruit, bark and seed of a majority of the species were found to possess abundant ethnomedicinal value, but leaves were found to be used most frequently to treat many ailments such as respiratory disorders, stomach pain, wound, inflammation, myalgia, cough, dysentery and diarrhoea. The phytochemical investigation of 36 species resulted in isolation of 293 chemical constituents from various chemical classes. The crude extracts, fractions, essential oils and pure compounds isolated from various Cordia species were reported to have a varied range of pharmacological activities.
Summary
Many of the traditional uses of the genus Cordia were supported by the results obtained from pharmacological studies performed using various extracts or pure compounds. More attention should be given to the biological evaluation using pure phytochemicals and to identify the mechanism of actions and exploring this genus for new drug discovery.
67 citations
Cites background from "Evaluation of reversible contracept..."
...5 g/kg after oral administration.([202]) The hydroalcoholic leaf extract of C....
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TL;DR: The principal botanical aspects, ethnopharmacological information and evaluation of the bioactive and pharmacological properties of Cordia, its phytochemical constituents and the most common classes of secondary metabolites identified are described.
Abstract: Species of the genus Cordia, Boraginaceae, are widely studied with regard to the various ethnobotanical and ethnopharmacological aspects. They are found principally in tropical and subtropical regions of the American, Asian and African continents, where they occur in various countries. In the genus Cordia, there are many species cultivated for ornamental plants, wood and medicinal applications, where they are extensively utilized by traditional communities. In the last decades, scientific studies of Cordia species have intensified, demonstrating the great interest in phytochemical, biological and pharmacological studies. In this review, we describe the principal botanical aspects, ethnopharmacological information and evaluation of the bioactive and pharmacological properties of Cordia, its phytochemical constituents and the most common classes of secondary metabolites identified. The information reported in this work contributes scientifically to recognizing the importance of the genus Cordia as a target in the search for new biotechnological investments.
43 citations
01 Jan 2015
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the principal botanical aspects, ethnopharmacological information and evaluation of the bioactive and pharmacological properties of Cordia, itsphytochemicalconstituents and the most common classes of secondary metabolites identified.
Abstract: Species of the genus Cordia, Boraginaceae, are widely studied with regard to the various ethnobotanicaland ethnopharmacological aspects. They are found principally in tropical and subtropical regions of theAmerican,AsianandAfricancontinents,wheretheyoccurinvariouscountries.InthegenusCordia,thereare many species cultivated for ornamental plants, wood and medicinal applications, where they areextensively utilized by traditional communities. In the last decades, scientific studies of Cordia specieshaveintensified,demonstratingthegreatinterestinphytochemical,biologicalandpharmacologicalstud-ies. In this review, we describe the principal botanical aspects, ethnopharmacological information andevaluation ofthebioactiveandpharmacologicalpropertiesofCordia,itsphytochemicalconstituentsandthe most common classes of secondary metabolites identified. The information reported in this workcontributes scientifically to recognizing the importance of the genus Cordia as a target in the search fornew biotechnological investments.© 2015 Sociedade Brasileira de Farmacognosia. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.
30 citations
TL;DR: Findings suggest that BPL may improve meat quality through the regulation of estrogen biosynthesis and may be useful for the discovery of potential aromatase modulators from natural products.
Abstract: Broussonetia papyrifera leaves (BPL) as a traditional Chinese medicine are also used in livestock feed for stimulating reproduction, adipose tissue and muscle development; however, the mechanism of their action is still unknown. Through estrogen biosynthesis-guided fractionation in human ovarian granulosa-like KGN cells, five new phenolic glycosides, broussoside A–E(1–5), along with fifteen known dietary phenolic compounds, were isolated from the n-butanol extract of BPL, and their structures were elucidated on the basis of NMR spectra analysis and chemical evidence. New compounds 3, 4, 5 and the known compounds 9 and 10 were found to potently inhibit estrogen biosynthesis in KGN cells. In addition, compounds 9, 17, 18, and 20 showed strong antioxidant activity against ABTS (2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt) and DPPH (1, 1′-diphenyl -2-picryl-hydrazyl radical) assays. These findings suggest that BPL may improve meat quality through the regulation of estrogen biosynthesis. Furthermore, they may be useful for the discovery of potential aromatase modulators from natural products. Finally, they could be considered as a new source for natural antioxidants.
23 citations
Cites background from "Evaluation of reversible contracept..."
...Fifteen known dietary phenolic compounds (Figure 3) were also isolated and identified as syringaresinol-49-O-b-D-glucoside (6) [25], p-coumaric acid (7) [26,27], apigenin (8) [28], luteolin (9) [28], poliothyrsoside (10) [29], pinoresinol-49-O-b-D-glucopyranoside (11) [30,31], flacourtin (12) [31], dihydrosyringin (13) [32],apigenin-7-O-b -D-glucoside (14) [33], chrysoriol-7-O-b-Dglucoside (15) [34], isovitexin (16) [35], luteoloside (17) [33], orientin (18) [36–38], vitexin (19) [35], isoorientin (20) [38,39] on the basis of comparison of their NMR data with those reported in the literature....
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TL;DR: Piperolactam A (PL), a representative of the inchoate skeleton of aristolactAM chassis might be the source of safe and affordable antileishmanial agents for the cure of deadly Leishmania infections.
18 citations
Cites methods from "Evaluation of reversible contracept..."
...3 mm thickness) plate prepared in CAMAG TLC plate coater (Bhattacharya and Saha, 2013)....
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...The hexane:ethyl acetate (50:50) fraction showed most prominent presence of alkaloids and was subjected to further purification by preparative TLC over silica gel (0.3 mm thickness) plate prepared in CAMAG TLC plate coater (Bhattacharya and Saha, 2013)....
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TL;DR: The study of the effects of short time thermal treatment revealed that the SLNs are not affected by one freezing-defreezing cycle and are stable at 100 degrees C in suspension and it is difficult to reconstitute the SLN suspensions after freeze-drying.
148 citations
"Evaluation of reversible contracept..." refers methods in this paper
...Inclusion complex of LCD-BCD (1:1, w/w) formulation was prepared by coevaporation technique (Shahgaldian et al., 2003)....
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Book•
01 Jan 1964
148 citations
Additional excerpts
...Ovariectomy was performed in immature female albino rats (Zarrow et al., 1964)....
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Journal Article•
TL;DR: Serum total an unbound testosterone (T) and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) levels were studied in female acne patients before treatment and during the treatment by two different oral contraceptives and improved significantly in both treatment groups.
Abstract: Serum total an unbound testosterone (T) and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) levels were studied in fifty-four female acne patients before treatment and during the treatment by two different oral contraceptives, the other containing 0.150 mg desogestrel plus 0.03 mg EE and the other 0.150 mg levonorgestrel plus 0.03 mg EE. Pretreatment values were abnormal in 57% of the patients. A borderline significant correlation between the severity of acne and SHBG was found. Ater six months' treatment a 250% increase in SHBG was seen in desogestrel/EE group and no significant change in SHBG in levonorgestrel/EE group. However, at the same time serum free testosterone fell 60% in both treatment groups. SHBG cannot be the only regulator of serum free testosterone. Acne improved significantly in both treatment groups. It is likely that the improvement was in connection with the free testosterone decrease and the improvement was better in the desogestrel/EE group where also SHBG elevation was seen.
96 citations
"Evaluation of reversible contracept..." refers background in this paper
...76%) was also found, due to binding with serum proteins that might be induced with use of contraceptives (Palatsi et al., 1984)....
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...%) was also found, due to binding with serum proteins that might be induced with use of contraceptives (Palatsi et al., 1984)....
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TL;DR: Possible mechanism of synergistic actions of herbal drugs by mono- and multitargeting and by the activation of signal cascades is described, which should lead in a long term perspective to the discovery and development of more rational evidence-based interventions in the prevention and therapy of multifactorial diseases and should enrich modern pharmacotherapy.
85 citations
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...Plant drugs are generally considered as safe and cheap medicines, and interest in the pharmacological role of bioactive compound(s) present in plant is increased in last decade (Ulrich-Merzenich et al., 2009)....
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TL;DR: Intraperitoneal administration of the extracts of the leaves of A. marmelos at doses of 50, 70, 90 and 100 mg/kg body wt for 14 consecutive days to male and female Wistar rats did not induce any short-term toxicity.
82 citations
"Evaluation of reversible contracept..." refers methods in this paper
...The LD50 was the dose intersected by probit 5 (Veerappan et al., 2007)....
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