Evaluation, Treatment, and Prevention of Vitamin D Deficiency: an Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline
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...Although it is recommended that RDAs of 600 to 800 IU daily should meet the requirements to optimize bone health(62) in most of the population, higher vitamin D intakes (1000-2000 IU) are needed to reach and maintain 25(OH)D levels greater than 30 ng/mL.(7,60) It is recognized that for every 100 IU of vitamin D ingested, the blood level of 25(OH)D increases by approximately 0....
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...An effective strategy to treat vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in children and adults is to give them 50,000 IU of vitamin D2 once aweek for 6 and 8weeks, respectively.(60,254) To prevent recurrence of vitamin D deficiency in children, administration of 600 to 1000 IU/d is effective....
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...It suggested that maintenance of a 25(OH)D level of 40 to 60 ng/mL is ideal (this takes into account assay variability) and that up to 100 ng/mL is safe.(60) MUSCULOSKELETAL CONSEQUENCES OF VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY According to current evidence from biochemical testing, observational studies, and randomized controlled trials (RCTs), serum 25(OH)D levels of at least 20 ng/mL are required for normalization of PTH levels, to minimize the risk of osteomalacia, and for optimal bone and muscle function, with many experts regarding 30 ng/mL as the threshold for optimal bone health....
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...Therefore, the Endocrine Society recommended that vitamin D deficiency be defined as a 25(OH)D level of 20 ng/mL or less, vitamin D insufficiency as 21 to 29 ng/mL, and vitamin D sufficiency as 30 ng/mL or greater for children and adults.(60) It suggested that maintenance of a 25(OH)D level of 40 to 60 ng/mL is ideal (this takes into account assay variability) and that up to 100 ng/mL is safe....
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...It has, therefore, been argued that 25(OH)D levels should be in the range of 28 to 40 ng/mL to maximize these nonskeletal benefits.(1,2,7,19,60,61) The results of some clinical trials provide evidence confirming the results of observational and association studies, whereas others do not....
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"Evaluation, Treatment, and Preventi..." refers methods in this paper
...The Task Force followed the approach recommended by the GRADE group, an international group with expertise in development and implementation of evidence-based guidelines (1)....
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"Evaluation, Treatment, and Preventi..." refers background in this paper
...There are several tissues and cells that possess 1-OHase activity (3, 7, 12, 13)....
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