Evolutionary dynamics of the kinetochore network in eukaryotes as revealed by comparative genomics.
Jolien J. E. van Hooff,Jolien J. E. van Hooff,Eelco C. Tromer,Eelco C. Tromer,Leny M. van Wijk,Berend Snel,Geert J. P. L. Kops,Geert J. P. L. Kops +7 more
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
The resulting ortholog sets imply that the last eukaryotic common ancestor (LECA) possessed a complex kinetochore and highlight that current‐day Kinetochores differ substantially, as illustrated with the RZZ complex, TRIP13, the MCC, and some nuclear pore proteins.Abstract:
During eukaryotic cell division, the sister chromatids of duplicated chromosomes are pulled apart by microtubules, which connect via kinetochores. The kinetochore is a multiprotein structure that links centromeres to microtubules, and that emits molecular signals in order to safeguard the equal distribution of duplicated chromosomes over daughter cells. Although microtubule-mediated chromosome segregation is evolutionary conserved, kinetochore compositions seem to have diverged. To systematically inventory kinetochore diversity and to reconstruct its evolution, we determined orthologs of 70 kinetochore proteins in 90 phylogenetically diverse eukaryotes. The resulting ortholog sets imply that the last eukaryotic common ancestor (LECA) possessed a complex kinetochore and highlight that current-day kinetochores differ substantially. These kinetochores diverged through gene loss, duplication, and, less frequently, invention and displacement. Various kinetochore components co-evolved with one another, albeit in different manners. These co-evolutionary patterns improve our understanding of kinetochore function and evolution, which we illustrated with the RZZ complex, TRIP13, the MCC, and some nuclear pore proteins. The extensive diversity of kinetochore compositions in eukaryotes poses numerous questions regarding evolutionary flexibility of essential cellular functions.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
The genome of Schmidtea mediterranea and the evolution of core cellular mechanisms
Markus A. Grohme,Siegfried Schloissnig,Andrei Rozanski,Martin Pippel,George R. Young,Sylke Winkler,Holger Brandl,Ian Henry,Andreas Dahl,Sean Powell,Michael Hiller,Eugene W. Myers,Jochen C. Rink +12 more
TL;DR: The genome assembly of S. mediterranea is reported, using long-read sequencing and a de novo assembler enhanced for low-complexity reads to provide a key model system resource that will be useful for studying regeneration and the evolutionary plasticity of core cell biological mechanisms.
Journal ArticleDOI
Decoding the centromeric nucleosome through CENP-N
Satyakrishna Pentakota,Keda Zhou,Charlotte M. Smith,Stefano Maffini,Arsen Petrovic,Garry Morgan,John R. Weir,Ingrid R. Vetter,Andrea Musacchio,Karolin Luger,Karolin Luger +10 more
TL;DR: The structural basis for the exquisite selectivity of CENP-N for centromeres is revealed and how CENp-N and CenP-C decode and stabilize the non-canonical C ENP-A nucleosome to enforce epigenetic centromere specification and kinetochore assembly is clarified.
Journal ArticleDOI
Early Diverging Fungus Mucor circinelloides Lacks Centromeric Histone CENP-A and Displays a Mosaic of Point and Regional Centromeres
María Isabel Navarro-Mendoza,Carlos Pérez-Arques,Shweta Panchal,Francisco E. Nicolás,Stephen J. Mondo,Stephen J. Mondo,Promit Ganguly,Jasmyn Pangilinan,Igor V. Grigoriev,Igor V. Grigoriev,Joseph Heitman,Kaustuv Sanyal,Victoriano Garre +12 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that these hybrid features of point and regional centromeres arose from the absence of CENP-A, thus defining novel mosaic centromres in this early-diverging fungus.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mosaic origin of the eukaryotic kinetochore
Eelco C. Tromer,Eelco C. Tromer,Eelco C. Tromer,Jolien J. E. van Hooff,Jolien J. E. van Hooff,Geert J. P. L. Kops,Geert J. P. L. Kops,Berend Snel +7 more
TL;DR: The origins of the kinetochore before the last eukaryotic common ancestor (LECA) are investigated using phylogenetic trees, sensitive profile-versus-profile homology detection, and structural comparisons of its protein components.
Journal ArticleDOI
The structure of the Ctf19c/CCAN from budding yeast.
TL;DR: The structure of a reconstituted 13-subunit Ctf19c determined by cryo-electron microscopy at ~4 Å resolution is presented and its implications for establishment of kinetochores and for their regulation by kinases throughout the cell cycle are described.
References
More filters
Journal Article
Visualizing Data using t-SNE
TL;DR: A new technique called t-SNE that visualizes high-dimensional data by giving each datapoint a location in a two or three-dimensional map, a variation of Stochastic Neighbor Embedding that is much easier to optimize, and produces significantly better visualizations by reducing the tendency to crowd points together in the center of the map.
Journal ArticleDOI
RAxML-VI-HPC: maximum likelihood-based phylogenetic analyses with thousands of taxa and mixed models
TL;DR: UNLABELLED RAxML-VI-HPC (randomized axelerated maximum likelihood for high performance computing) is a sequential and parallel program for inference of large phylogenies with maximum likelihood (ML) that has been used to compute ML trees on two of the largest alignments to date.
Journal ArticleDOI
MAFFT: a novel method for rapid multiple sequence alignment based on fast Fourier transform
TL;DR: A simplified scoring system is proposed that performs well for reducing CPU time and increasing the accuracy of alignments even for sequences having large insertions or extensions as well as distantly related sequences of similar length.
Journal ArticleDOI
MEME Suite: tools for motif discovery and searching
Timothy L. Bailey,Mikael Bodén,Fabian A. Buske,Martin C. Frith,Charles E. Grant,Luca Clementi,Jingyuan Ren,Wilfred W. Li,William Stafford Noble +8 more
TL;DR: The popular MEME motif discovery algorithm is now complemented by the GLAM2 algorithm which allows discovery of motifs containing gaps, and all of the motif-based tools are now implemented as web services via Opal.
Journal ArticleDOI
UniProt: the Universal Protein knowledgebase
Rolf Apweiler,Amos Marc Bairoch,Cathy H. Wu,Winona C. Barker,Brigitte Boeckmann,Serenella Ferro,Elisabeth Gasteiger,Hongzhan Huang,Rodrigo Lopez,Michele Magrane,Maria Jesus Martin,Darren A. Natale,Claire O'Donovan,Nicole Redaschi,Lai-Su L. Yeh +14 more
TL;DR: The Swiss-Prot, TrEMBL and PIR protein database activities have united to form the Universal Protein Knowledgebase (UniProt), which is to provide a comprehensive, fully classified, richly and accurately annotated protein sequence knowledgebase, with extensive cross-references and query interfaces.